Utilization of Treated Textile Dyeing Wastewater and GGBFS–Perlite Blends for Sustainable Cementitious Composite Development

Notice

This is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.

Year : 2026 | Volume : 14 | 02 | Page :
    By

    Vignesh M,

  • JohnPaul V,

  • Balasundaram N,

  • Subash Tahanaban,

  • Hariharasudhan S,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
  2. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  3. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  4. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, KAAF University, Accra, Ghana
  5. PG Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

The increasing global demand for concrete critically intensifies the consumption of potable water, raising significant environmental concerns and depleting vital resources. Concurrently, the textile dyeing industry generates substantial volumes of wastewater, posing considerable disposal and pollution challenges. Our investigation explores a dual solution by utilizing treated textile dyeing wastewater as an alternative mixing water source, combined with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and perlite as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), to develop more sustainable cementitious composites. We conducted experiments in two distinct phases: one using potable water as a control and another employing treated dyeing wastewater. Cement was partially replaced with GGBFS at 10% and 20%, and perlite at 5% and 10%, in various blended proportions. We meticulously evaluated fresh concrete properties through slump, flowability, and compaction factor tests. Hardened properties were assessed via compressive strength at 7, 14, and 28 days, alongside water absorption. Microstructural and phase evolution were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Our findings indicate that the treated wastewater generally enhanced workability and yielded compressive strengths comparable to, and occasionally exceeding, those of conventional mixes. The optimal composite, incorporating 20% GGBFS and 10% perlite, demonstrated superior strength, reduced porosity, and a denser hydration matrix. This research underscores the feasibility of integrating treated textile effluent and industrial by-products into cementitious systems, offering a viable pathway for eco-efficient construction materials and promoting circular resource utilization.

Keywords: Treated textile dyeing wastewater; GGBFS–perlite blends; Sustainable cementitious composites; Microstructural analysis; Mechanical properties.

How to cite this article:
Vignesh M, JohnPaul V, Balasundaram N, Subash Tahanaban, Hariharasudhan S. Utilization of Treated Textile Dyeing Wastewater and GGBFS–Perlite Blends for Sustainable Cementitious Composite Development. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(02):-.
How to cite this URL:
Vignesh M, JohnPaul V, Balasundaram N, Subash Tahanaban, Hariharasudhan S. Utilization of Treated Textile Dyeing Wastewater and GGBFS–Perlite Blends for Sustainable Cementitious Composite Development. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(02):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2026/view=239606


References

  1. Micheal A, Abd El Salam H. Reliability of using secondary and tertiary treated wastewater in concrete mixing and curing. Environment Development and Sustainability. 2024;26:9875–9894. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03245-4
  2. Soltanianfard MA, Abuhishmeh K, Al-Fahdawi O. Sustainable concrete made with wastewater from different stages of filtration. Construction and Building Materials. 2023;402:133231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.133231
  3. Salehi A, Asadollahfardi G, Nematzadeh M. Impact of propylene fibers and industrial wastewater on the properties of self-compacting concrete. Scientific Reports. 2025;15:11876. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11876-x
  4. Harishbabu J, Saboo N, Chandrappa AK. Assessing the use of treated wastewater for pavement quality concrete and dry lean concrete layers in rigid pavements: Future-proofing infrastructure. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2025;37(7):04025XXX.
  5. Kim JS, Oh SE, Kim SY, Pyeon G, Maeng S, Chung SY. Effects of treated wastewater from recycled aggregate processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cement mortar. Construction and Building Materials. 2025;494:142945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142945
  6. Dinesh S, Adinarayanan A, Selvakumar V, Paventhan R. Recent Advancements and Layering Techniques in Nanoparticle-Reinforced Hybrid Composites: A Comprehensive Analysis. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2024; 13(01):83-89. https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2024/view=0
  7. Bodur B, Bayraktar OY, Akpinar P, et al. Effect of using wastewater from the ready-mixed concrete plant on the performance of one-part alkali-activated GBFS/FA composites: Fresh, mechanical, and durability properties. Journal of Building Engineering. 2023;66:105839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.105839
  8. Alrowais R, Shakeel K, Alyousef R, Alabduljabbar H, Alaskar A, Mohamed AM. Utilizing marble wastewater in cement pastes and mortars for enhanced physico-mechanical and microstructural properties. Buildings. 2024;14(8):2451. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14082451
  9. Rathinam V., Ganeshkumar A., Arul M., Dinesh S., Adinarayanan A., Ida G.. Recent Developments in Hybrid and Nanostructured Basalt Fiber Composites: A Review of Mechanical and Processing Innovations. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2025; 13(06):885-894. https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2025/view=233481
  10. He Z, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang H, Li X. Recycling hazardous water treatment sludge in cement-based construction materials: Mechanical properties, drying shrinkage, and nano-scale characteristics. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021;287:125048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125048
  11. Rawat S, Zhang YX, Li Q. Development of sustainable engineered cementitious composite with enhanced compressive performance at elevated temperatures using high-volume GGBFS. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2024;433:139912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139912
  12. Omer B, Saeed NM, Ahmed R. Evaluating the long-term strength of GGBFS-blended cement across various water-to-binder and superplasticizer ratios under heating/cooling cycles. PLoS ONE. 2025;20(7).
  13. Sivakumar M., Thirumoorthy P., Narasimman V., Sreedevi S.L., Karthikeyan T., Dinesh S.. AI-Driven Multi-Objective Optimization of Conductive Polymer Composites for High-Performance Flexible Electronics. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2025; 13(06):734-745. https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2025/view=234533
  14. Shaikh A, Tandel Y, Patel R. Mechanical, hydraulic, and durability characteristics of sustainable pervious concrete incorporating GGBFS and PPF. Discover Civil Engineering. 2025;6:215.
  15. Baldermann A, Preissegger V, Mittermayr F, et al. Uptake of aqueous heavy metal ions (Co²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺) by calcium–aluminium–silicate–hydrate gels. Cement and Concrete Research. 2021;149:106588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106588
  16. Izuo H, Nakarai K, Nishida T. Twenty-two-year investigation of strength development and surface deterioration of cement-treated clay in an in-situ field test. Cement and Concrete Composites. 2022;132:104629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2022.104629
  17. He ZS, He C, Li Y, Performance assessment of partially corrosion-damaged RC segment incorporating the spatial variability of steel corrosion. Construction and Building Materials. 2023;362:129769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129769
  18. Narasimharajan M, Dinesh S. Development and evaluation of a sustainable hybrid epoxy composite reinforced with treated natural fabrics and agro-waste nanoparticles for structural applications. Materials and Technology. 2025 Aug;59(4):621-630. https://doi.org/10.17222/mit.2025.1456.
Ahead of Print Subscription Original Research
Volume 14
02
Received 19/02/2026
Accepted 14/03/2026
Published 02/04/2026
Publication Time 42 Days
35

Login


My IP

PlumX Metrics