Comparative of Encryption-Decryption Performance of (Binary, Gray- Scale, Color) Images Using Discrete Fractional Fourier Transform (DFRFT)

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This is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.

Year : 2026 | Volume : 15 | 01 | Page :
    By

    Kawther H. Al-khafaji,

  1. Assistant Professor, Faculty of Education for woman, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq

Abstract

The Discrete Fractional Fourier transform (DFRFT) provides an effective model of image encryption by further developing the classic Fourier transform by adding fractional orders, which increase the degrees of freedom. Owing to the omnipresence of digital media in many industries like education, healthcare, and entertainment, the mobility of visual data has become a significant issue to keep confidential. Images form one of the main ways of exchanging information and, therefore, huge encryption mechanisms should be used to maintain privacy. In this work, three different types of images, namely, binary, grayscale, and color (RGB) or images are encrypted with DFRFT image encryption scheme. The suggested solution has a high level of improvement in the security where the two keys must be correct before successful decryption, and unauthorized access is highly unlikely. The scheme has proved to be effective under the set of image quality measures. Some common measures were made to objectively judge the quality of the decrypted images. These measurements give information about the quality in the preservation of the visual and structural integrity of each of the images following the encryption procedure. T  he DFRT-based cryptosystem was found to be effective, scaled, and capable of supporting the various image modalities. Its capability of multidimensional data processing and computational stability connects it to be a promising source of transmission and storage of secure images in its real-life usage. The outcomes of the simulations reveal that the approach generates correct encryption and decryption of the system with all types of images and provides high visual fidelity and robustness, that is why it is appropriate to use it in transmitting and storing images safely.

Keywords: Discrete Fractional Fourier transform, Fourier transform, Fractional Fourier transform, image Encryption, DFRT, cryptosystem

How to cite this article:
Kawther H. Al-khafaji. Comparative of Encryption-Decryption Performance of (Binary, Gray- Scale, Color) Images Using Discrete Fractional Fourier Transform (DFRFT). Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics. 2026; 15(01):-.
How to cite this URL:
Kawther H. Al-khafaji. Comparative of Encryption-Decryption Performance of (Binary, Gray- Scale, Color) Images Using Discrete Fractional Fourier Transform (DFRFT). Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics. 2026; 15(01):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjophy/article=2026/view=236439


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Ahead of Print Subscription Original Research
Volume 15
01
Received 19/01/2026
Accepted 28/01/2026
Published 30/01/2026
Publication Time 11 Days
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