Properties of Biostimulant of Ponderosa Lemon for Crude Oil Remediation in Soil Environment

Year : 2025 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 02 | Page : 35 42
    By

    Ukpaka C.P,

  • Joel Hellen Chijioke,

  • Chemical Journal,

  1. Professor, Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
  2. Research Scholar, Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, River State, Nigeria
  3. Lecturer, Department of Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering, Akwa-Ibom State University, Ikot-Akpaden, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria

Abstract

The effect of petroleum hydrocarbon on soil environment contributes to low performance of microbes and plant yield. This study investigates the potential of grape leaf (Ponderosa lemon) on hydrocarbon constituents of crude oil contaminated soil. Freshly harvested grape leaf was washed thoroughly with tape water thereafter rinse with distilled water, some portions kept for room-dried and another for sundried to vary the composition. Fixed masses of loamy soil samples of 2000 g were mixed with masses of 100 mL crude oil with varying masses of grape leaf (biostimulant) of 50 g and 100 g in a plastic container. Some physicochemical properties were evaluated like pH, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), phosphate (P), potassium (K), electrical conductivity (EC), heterotrophic utilizing bacteria (HUB), and heterotrophic utilizing fungi (HUF) for 42 days to determine the effectiveness of the biostimulant. The nutritional values of the remediants were quite promising as room-dried is composed of pH 6.74, TOC 8.95%, phosphate 0.891 mg/kg, TN 4.94 mg/kg, potassium 178.52 mg/kg, EC 28.63 𝜇𝑆/𝑐𝑚, HUB 2.4 × 102 cfu/g, and HUF 1.73 × 102 sfu/g. Sun-dried grape leaf follows same trend but still lower than the room-dried sample. The changes on the available nutrients for remediant subjected into sun-dried revealed that the bio-stimulant depletion was integrated to the potential effect of sunlight.

Keywords: Properties, biostimulant, Ponderosa lemon, crude oil, remediation, soil environment

[This article belongs to Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering ]

How to cite this article:
Ukpaka C.P, Joel Hellen Chijioke, Chemical Journal. Properties of Biostimulant of Ponderosa Lemon for Crude Oil Remediation in Soil Environment. Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering. 2025; 12(02):35-42.
How to cite this URL:
Ukpaka C.P, Joel Hellen Chijioke, Chemical Journal. Properties of Biostimulant of Ponderosa Lemon for Crude Oil Remediation in Soil Environment. Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering. 2025; 12(02):35-42. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/etce/article=2025/view=233255


References

1. Aghalibe CU, Igwe JC, Obike AI. Studies on the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) from a crude oil impacted soil amended with cow dung, poultry manure and NPK fertilizer. Chem Res J. 2017; 2 (4): 22–30.
2. Akankali JA, Nwafili SA. An assessment of the socio-economic impact of crude oil pollution on aquaculture in Gokana Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria. Niger J Fish Aquac. 2017; 5 (1): 87–94.
3. Blessing SE, Ukpaka CP, Amadi SA. Investigation into the kinetics of biodegradation of crude oil hydrocarbon in different soil types using aloe vera. Int J Chem Synth Chem React. 2018; 4 (2): 10–21.
4. Ebadi A, Khoshklolgh-Sima NA, Olamaee M, Hashemi M, Ghorbani-Nasrabadi R. Effective bioremediation of a petroleum-polluted saline soil by a surfactant-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa consortium. J Adv Res. 2017; 8 (6): 627–633.
5. Galdames A, Mendoza A, Orueta M, de-Sota GIS, Sanchez M, Virto I, Vilas JL. Development of new remediation technologies for contaminated soils based on the application of zero-valent iron nanoparticles and bioremediation with compost. Resour Efficient Technol. 2017; 3 (2): 166–176.
6. Groenendyk DG, Ferre TPA, Thorp K, Rice AK. Hydrologic-process-based soil textural classifications for improved visualization of landscape function. PLoS ONE. 2005; 10 (6): e0131299.
7. Hossner LR. Dissolution for total methods of soil analysis. In: Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3: Chemical Methods. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomics; 1996. pp. 46–64. Available at https://www.sciepub.com/reference/165413 [Accessed December 7, 2024].
8. Imanian H, Kolahdoozan M, Zarati AR. Vertical dispersion in soil spill fate and transport models. J Hydrosci Environ. 2017; 1 (2): 21–33.
9. Jiang Y, Brassington KJ, Prpids G, Paton GL, Semple KT, Pollard SJ, Coulon F. Insights into the biodegradation of weathered hydrocarbons in contaminated soils by bioaugmentation and nutrient stimulation. Chemosphere. 2016; 161: 300–307.
10. Kang CU, Kim DH, Khan MA, Kumar R, Ji SE, Choi KW, Paeng KJ, Park S, Jeon BH. Pyrolytic remediation of crude oil-contaminated soil. Sci Total Environ. 2020; 713: 136498.
11. Kumar W, Kumar M, Prasad R. Microbial action on hydrocarbons in microbial action on hydrocarbons. Arab J Chem. 2019; 5 (7): 223–231. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-18 40-5.
12. Li H, Wei D, Shen M. Endophytes and their role in phytoremediation. Fungal Diversity. 2012; 54 (1): 11–18.
13. Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC). Environmental Guidelines and Standards for the Petroleum Industries in Nigeria. Abuja, Nigeria: Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources; 2018.
14. Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Resources Commission (NUPRC). Environmental Guidelines and Standards for the Petroleum Industry in Nigeria (EGASPIN). Abuja, Nigeria: Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Resources; 2002.
15. Ukpaka CP. Development of model for bioremediation of crude oil using moringa leaf extract. Chem Int. 2016; 2 (1): 31–40.
16. Ukpaka CP. Remediation of crude oil in loamy soil: the integration of improved oil palm fiber (Tekena species) dried in dark environment. Discov Sci. 2018; 14: 65–73.
17. Ukpaka CP. Comparison on the performance of moringa and neem root extracts on crude oil degradation in soil environments. Pet Petrochem Eng J. 2020; 4 (4): 1–9.
18. Ukpaka CP, Okirie FU. Simulation of heat generated on crude oil degradation upon the effect of temperature in bacteria growth kinetics on a bioreactor. Int J Thermodyn Chem Kinet. 2022; 8 (2): 39–54.
19. Ukpaka CP, Ugiri AC. Biodegradation kinetics of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil environment using Mangifera indica seed biomass: a mathematical approach. Chem Int Sci Organ. 2022; 8 (2): 77–78.

Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 12
Issue 02
Received 24/03/2025
Accepted 27/03/2025
Published 08/04/2025
Publication Time 15 Days
107

Login


My IP

PlumX Metrics