A Systematic Review on Peptic Ulcer Disease and its Pharmacological Treatment

Year : 2025 | Volume : 15 | 03 | Page :
    By

    Priya Haldar,

  • Ashish Kushwaha,

  • Arun Kr Maurya,

  • Lalit Bisht,

  1. Student, Department of Pharmacy, JB Institute of Technology (JBIT), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  2. Professor, Department of Pharmacy, JB Institute of Technology (JBIT), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  3. Principal, Department of Pharmacy, JB Institute of Technology (JBIT), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  4. HOD, Department of Pharmacy, JB Institute of Technology (JBIT), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

Abstract

A chronic gastrointestinal condition known as Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is typified by the formation of ulcers or mucosal erosions in the proximal duodenum and stomach. In the pathophysiology of PUD, the equilibrium between defensive processes like mucus and bicarbonate secretion, mucosal blood flow, and prostaglandin production, and aggressive factors such stomach acid secretion, pepsin activity, and Helicobacter pylori infection, is upset. Although stress and food have historically been blamed, recent research shows that H. pylori infection and long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) are the main causes. When PUD is clinically diagnosed, symptoms include nausea, epigastric pain, and, if left untreated, bleeding or perforation. The mainstays of pharmacological therapy include proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, and cytoprotective drugs, which are used to control acid, eradicate H. pylori, and protect mucosa. This review attempts to give a current summary of the pathophysiology, etiology, clinical characteristics, and current pharmacological treatment options of PUD. Background: Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric acid are examples of aggressive forces that interfere with the mucosa’s defenses, causing damage to the stomach or duodenal lining and Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD). NSAID use is a significant contributor to ulcer development as well. Methodology: Examining the origins, pathophysiology, and pharmacological therapy of PUD, this review is based on a thorough search of recent scientific publications from sources including PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: The main treatment for ulcer healing and lowering acid secretion is proton pump inhibitors. Antibiotic treatment successfully removes the H. pylori infection, reducing the chance of recurrence. Drugs known as cytoprotective help to improve healing and shield the mucosa. When taken as a whole, these therapies have enhanced patient results. Conclusion: Targeted acid suppression and infection eradication have improved patient outcomes in the pharmaceutical management of PUD, which has advanced significantly. To further lessen the prevalence of PUD globally, future research must concentrate on innovative treatments and individualized treatment strategies.

Keywords: Peptic ulcer: NSAID’s; PUD; Duodenal ulcer; H. Pylori Bector.

How to cite this article:
Priya Haldar, Ashish Kushwaha, Arun Kr Maurya, Lalit Bisht. A Systematic Review on Peptic Ulcer Disease and its Pharmacological Treatment. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology. 2025; 15(03):-.
How to cite this URL:
Priya Haldar, Ashish Kushwaha, Arun Kr Maurya, Lalit Bisht. A Systematic Review on Peptic Ulcer Disease and its Pharmacological Treatment. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology. 2025; 15(03):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjop/article=2025/view=228474


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Ahead of Print Subscription Review Article
Volume 15
03
Received 14/09/2025
Accepted 29/09/2025
Published 01/10/2025
Publication Time 17 Days
336

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