Polymer Chemistry of Ion-Selective Membranes and Hydrogels for Clinical Sodium Sensing: Advances and Perspectives

[{“box”:0,”content”:”n[if 992 equals=”Open Access”]n

n

n

n

Open Access

nn

n

n[/if 992]n[if 2704 equals=”Yes”]n

n

Notice

nThis is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.n

n[/if 2704]n

n

Year : 2025 [if 2224 equals=””]23/09/2025 at 3:22 PM[/if 2224] | [if 1553 equals=””] Volume : 13 [else] Volume : [/if 1553] | [if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue : [/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] 06 | Page :

n

n

nn

n

n

n

    By

    n

    [foreach 286]n

    n

    Yogesh R. Chavan, Virendra C. Patil,

    n t

  • n

    n[/foreach]

    n

n[if 2099 not_equal=”Yes”]n

    [foreach 286] [if 1175 not_equal=””]n t

  1. , Department of General Medicine, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Karad, Department of General Medicine, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Karad, Maharshtra, Maharshtra, India, India

    2. n[/if 1175][/foreach]

n[/if 2099][if 2099 equals=”Yes”][/if 2099]n

n

Abstract

n

n

nAccurate and timely monitoring of serum sodium levels is critical in diagnosing and managing hyponatremia, a common and potentially life-threatening electrolyte disorder. Recent advances in polymer chemistry have driven the development of ion-selective membranes and hydrogels tailored for clinical sodium sensing, bridging the gap between material science and biomedical diagnostics. This review critically examines the design and synthesis of polymeric materials—focusing on block copolymers, conductive polymers, and stimuli-responsive hydrogels—used to fabricate ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) and biosensors for sodium detection. Emphasis is placed on polymerization strategies, functional group modification, and crosslinking methods that enable tunable ion selectivity, mechanical stability, and biocompatibility. Fabrication techniques such as electrospinning, layer-by-layer assembly, and solvent casting are discussed in relation to membrane morphology and sensor performance. Furthermore, emerging smart polymers capable of responding to pH, temperature, or enzymatic triggers show promise for real-time and non-invasive sodium monitoring. Current translational challenges—including calibration drift, biofouling, and regulatory hurdles—are highlighted, alongside future research directions integrating polymer chemistry with flexible electronics and wearable diagnostics. By mapping the interplay between chemical structure and sensing function, this review aims to guide the rational design of next-generation polymer-based sodium sensors to improve patient care in electrolyte disorders such as hyponatremia.nn

n

n

n

Keywords: Polymer chemistry, Ion-selective membrane, Sodium sensing, Hydrogels, Block copolymer, Hyponatremia monitoring, Biomedical sensor, Stimuli-responsive polymers, Electrolyte detection, Conductive polymers.

n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Journal of Polymer and Composites ]

n

[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Polymer and Composites (jopc)][/if 424][if 424 equals=”Conference”]This article belongs to Conference [/if 424]

n

n

n

How to cite this article:
nYogesh R. Chavan, Virendra C. Patil. [if 2584 equals=”][226 wpautop=0 striphtml=1][else]Polymer Chemistry of Ion-Selective Membranes and Hydrogels for Clinical Sodium Sensing: Advances and Perspectives[/if 2584]. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 23/09/2025; 13(06):-.

n

How to cite this URL:
nYogesh R. Chavan, Virendra C. Patil. [if 2584 equals=”][226 striphtml=1][else]Polymer Chemistry of Ion-Selective Membranes and Hydrogels for Clinical Sodium Sensing: Advances and Perspectives[/if 2584]. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 23/09/2025; 13(06):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=23/09/2025/view=0

nn

n

n[if 992 equals=”Open Access”]Full Text PDF[/if 992]n

n

n[if 992 not_equal=”Open Access”]n

n

n[/if 992]n

nn

nnn

n[if 379 not_equal=””]nn

Browse Figures

n

n

n[foreach 379]

figures

[/foreach]n

n

n

n[/if 379]

n

n

n

n

n

References n

n[if 1104 equals=””]n

nn[/if 1104][if 1104 not_equal=””]n

    [foreach 1102]n t

  1. [if 1106 equals=””], [/if 1106][if 1106 not_equal=””],[/if 1106]

    2. n[/foreach]

n[/if 1104]

n

nn[if 1114 equals=”Yes”]n

n[/if 1114]

n

n

[if 424 not_equal=””][else]Ahead of Print[/if 424] Subscription Review Article

n

n

n

n

n

Journal of Polymer and Composites

n

[if 344 not_equal=””]ISSN: 2321–2810[/if 344]

n

n

n

nn

n

[if 2146 equals=”Yes”][/if 2146][if 2146 not_equal=”Yes”][/if 2146]n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n[if 1748 not_equal=””]

[else]

[/if 1748]n

n[if 1746 equals=”Retracted”]n

n

n

n

[/if 1746]n[if 4734 not_equal=””]

n

n

n

[/if 4734]n

n

Volume 13
[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] 06
Received 09/07/2025
Accepted 23/07/2025
Published 23/09/2025
Retracted
Publication Time 76 Days

n

n

30

nn

n

n
My IP
n

PlumX Metrics

nn

n

n

n[if 1746 equals=”Retracted”]n

[/if 1746]nnn

nnn”}]