STUDY OF THE RHEOLOGICAL, PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DISPOSED POLYPROPYLENE AND POLYVINYL CHLORIDE BINARY MIXTURES

[{“box”:0,”content”:”n[if 992 equals=”Open Access”]n

n

n

n

Open Access

nn

n

n[/if 992]n[if 2704 equals=”Yes”]n

n

Notice

nThis is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.n

n[/if 2704]n

n

Year : 2025 [if 2224 equals=””]01/09/2025 at 2:01 PM[/if 2224] | [if 1553 equals=””] Volume : 13 [else] Volume : [/if 1553] | [if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue : [/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] 06 | Page :

n

n

nn

n

n

n

    By

    n

    [foreach 286]n

    n

    Shixaliyev Kerem,

    n t

  • n

    n[/foreach]

    n

n[if 2099 not_equal=”Yes”]n

    [foreach 286] [if 1175 not_equal=””]n t

  1. Professor, Department of Organic substances and technologies of high-molecular compounds, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan

    2. n[/if 1175][/foreach]

n[/if 2099][if 2099 equals=”Yes”][/if 2099]n

n

Abstract

n

n

nIn this study, various compositions were prepared by modifying the decommissioned polypropylene (PP)-based polymer waste with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in different proportions for the purpose of modification, and the flow index and physical and mechanical properties of their alloys were studied. As a result of the research, the following results were obtained. PP/PVC binary compositions were prepared and samples were obtained based on 6 different proportions by changing the amount of PVC in the range of 0–10 mass parts. The tensile strength and elongation of the composition increased with increasing PVC content up to 6 parts by mass, after which a decrease was observed. This is explained by the fact that PVC strengthens the structure at the initial stage, and at higher concentrations causes a plasticizing effect. Tear resistance and elasticity in terms of rebound also showed the same trend, the maximum values ​​​​were recorded for PP–94, PVC–6. Friction resistance decreased with increasing PVC content, which can be attributed to the material becoming more elastic and less rigid. The resistance to thermooxidative aging (fp and fl coefficients) remained at a moderate level, and no significant effect of PVC on structural stability through stabilizers was observed. In general, the composition obtained with a PVC content of 6 mass parts was considered optimal in terms of physical and mechanical properties and demonstrated a successful application potential for recycled PP. The technological stages for cleaning, drying and homogenization of (PP) waste were specified, and a preliminary analysis of the structural and morphological properties of the obtained compositions was carried out.nn

n

n

n

Keywords: modification, polypropylene waste, ecology, rheology, binary system, melt flow indices.

n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Journal of Polymer and Composites ]

n

[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Polymer and Composites (jopc)][/if 424][if 424 equals=”Conference”]This article belongs to Conference [/if 424]

n

aWQ6MjI1MjU1fGZpbGVuYW1lOmM3Y2YyNjBlLWZpLmF2aWZ8c2l6ZTp0aHVtYm5haWw=

n

n

How to cite this article:
nShixaliyev Kerem. [if 2584 equals=”][226 wpautop=0 striphtml=1][else]STUDY OF THE RHEOLOGICAL, PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DISPOSED POLYPROPYLENE AND POLYVINYL CHLORIDE BINARY MIXTURES[/if 2584]. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 01/09/2025; 13(06):-.

n

How to cite this URL:
nShixaliyev Kerem. [if 2584 equals=”][226 striphtml=1][else]STUDY OF THE RHEOLOGICAL, PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DISPOSED POLYPROPYLENE AND POLYVINYL CHLORIDE BINARY MIXTURES[/if 2584]. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 01/09/2025; 13(06):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=01/09/2025/view=0

nn

n

n[if 992 equals=”Open Access”]Full Text PDF[/if 992]n

n

n[if 992 not_equal=”Open Access”]n

n

n[/if 992]n

nn

nnn

n[if 379 not_equal=””]nn

Browse Figures

n

n

n[foreach 379]

figures

[/foreach]n

n

n

n[/if 379]

n

n

n

n

n

References n

n[if 1104 equals=””]n

  1. Shikhaliyev Karam, Amirov Fariz, Ibrahimova Mihavar. Recycling and use of polymer and rubber waste, monograph, ELM Publishing House, 2019.349 C

2.Zhu, J.; Birgisson, B.; Kringos, N. Polymer modification of bitumen: Advances and challenges. Eur. Polym. J. 2014, 54, 18–38. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

3.Polacco, G.; Stastna, J.; Biondi, D.; Zanzotto, L. Relation between polymer architecture and nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of modified asphalts. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 2006, 11, 230–245. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

4.Fontalvo, J.E.S.; Araujo, D.L.V.; Polo, L.A.; Quiroz, J.P.; Cabeza, A.C. Influence of Recycled Concrete Aggregates on the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of Granular Sub-bases. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 2023, 48, 14095–14104. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

5.Li, H.; Dong, B.; Zhao, D.; Guo, P.; Zhang, J. Physical, Rheological and Stability Properties of Desulfurized Rubber Asphalt and Crumb Rubber Asphalt. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 2019, 44, 5043–5056. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

6.Behnood, A.; Gharehveran, M.M. Morphology, rheology, and physical properties of polymer-modified asphalt binders. Eur. Polym. J. 2019, 112, 766–791. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

7.Arslan, D.; Gürü, M.; Çubuk, M.K.; Çubuk, M. Improvement of bitumen and bituminous mixtures performances by triethylene glycol based synthetic polyboron. Constr. Build. Mater. 2011, 25, 3863–3868. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

8.Yildirim, Y. Polymer modified asphalt binders. Constr. Build. Mater. 2007, 21, 66–72. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

9.Wu, W.; Cavalli, M.C.; Jiang, W.; Kringos, N. Differing perspectives on the use of high-content SBS polymer-modified bitumen. Constr. Build. Mater. 2024, 411, 134433. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

10.Köfteci, S.; Gunay, T.; Ahmedzade, P. Rheological Analysis of Modified Bitumen by PVC Based Various Recycled Plastics. J. Transp. Eng. Part B Pavements 2020, 146, 04020063. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

11.Airey, G. Factors affecting the rheology of polymer modified bitumen (PMB). In Polymer Modified Bitumen; Woodhead Publishing: Sawston, UK, 2011; pp. 238–263. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

12.Hunter, R.N.; Self, A.; Read, J.; Hobson, E. The Shell Bitumen Handbook; ICE Publishing: London, UK, 2015. [Google Scholar]

13.Alonso, S.; Medina-Torres, L.; Zitzumbo, R.; Avalos, F. Rheology of asphalt and styrene–butadiene blends. J. Mater. Sci. 2010, 45, 2591–2597. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

14.Alhamali, D.I.; Wu, J.; Liu, Q.; Hassan, N.A.; Yusoff, N.I.M.; Ali, S.I.A. Physical and Rheological Characteristics of Polymer Modified Bitumen with Nanosilica Particles. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 2015, 41, 1521–1530. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

15.Lewandowski, L.H. Polymer Modification of Paving Asphalt Binders. Rubber Chem. Technol. 1994, 67, 447–480. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

16.Ye, Z.; Zhao, Y. Polyolefin Elastomer Modified Asphalt: Performance Characterization and Modification Mechanism. Buildings 2023, 13, 1291. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

17.Kalantar, Z.N.; Karim, M.R.; Mahrez, A. A review of using waste and virgin polymer in pavement. Constr. Build. Mater. 2012, 33, 55–62. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

18.Sun, M.; Zheng, M.; Qu, G.; Yuan, K.; Bi, Y.; Wang, J. Performance of polyurethane modified asphalt and its mixtures. Constr. Build. Mater. 2018, 191, 386–397. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

19.Cao, Z.; Chen, M.; Yu, J.; Han, X. Preparation and characterization of active rejuvenated SBS modified bitumen for the sustainable development of high-grade asphalt pavement. J. Clean. Prod. 2020, 273, 123012. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

20.Cao, Z.; Huang, X.; Yu, J.; Han, X.; Wang, R.; Li, Y. Study on all-components regeneration of ultraviolet aged SBS modified asphalt for high-performance recycling. J. Clean. Prod. 2020, 276, 123376. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

21.Tarefder, R.A.; Yousefi, S.S. Rheological Examination of Aging in Polymer-Modified Asphalt. J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 2016, 28, 04015112. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

22.Novak, M.; Ormsby, B. Poly (Vinyl Acetate) Paints: A Literature review of material properties, ageing characteristics, and conservation challenges. Polymers 2023, 15, 4348. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

23.Berber, H. Emulsion polymerization: Effects of polymerization variables on the properties of vinyl acetate based emulsion polymers. In Polymer Science; IntechOpen: London, UK, 2013. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

24.Chávez-Valencia, L.; Alonso, E.; Manzano, A.; Pérez, J.; Contreras, M.; Signoret, C. Improving the compressive strengths of cold-mix asphalt using asphalt emulsion modified by polyvinyl acetate. Constr. Build. Mater. 2006, 21, 583–589. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

25.Kömürlü, E. Investigation of Uniaxial Compressive Strength Values of a Polyvinyl Resin Reinforced Silt: An Experimental Study on Resin Amount and Curing Temperature DergiPark (Istanbul University). 2020. Available online: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ijedt/issue/58095/746373 (accessed on 28 April 2024).

 

26.Kerem Shixaliyev.  Properties of the Composition Based on Modified Polyethylenes.  International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering. Volume-9 issue- / January 2020.рр2484-2493

SCOPUS https://www.ijitee.org/download/volume-9-issue-7/

27.Kerem Shixaliyev. Modification of Рolymer Wastes and Obtaining Com Comрosites Based on Them Annotation.  International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE). Volume-9 Issue-5, March 2020Рр.1072-1076.   Number-E2156039520 | 2020 © BEIESР https://www.ijitee.org/instructions-for-authors/

28.Amirov Fariz.Shixaliyev Kerem. Properties of Linear Low-Density Polyethylene.  International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE). Volume-9 Issue-9, July 2020.рр. 348-352     SCOPUShttps: //www.ijitee.org/download/volume-9-issue-3/

29.Kerem Shixaliyev.  Paint and Varnish Materials Based on Epoxy Novolac oligomers Jour of Adv Research in Dynamical & Control Systems. Vol. 12, Special Issue-02, 2020.рр351-358

30.Kerem Shixaliyex Sefi..DETERMINATION OF COMPATIBILITY OF POLYMER SYSTEMS, SKEP, PU, ​​KhKPE, and CH CHEMICAL FEATURES OF THEIR MIXTURES.  Journal of Adv Research in Dynamical & Control Systems. Vol. 12, Special Issue-02, 2020.рр359-370  1.

31.Karagöz İ (2024) Production and characterization of sustainable biocompatible PLA/walnut shell composite materials. Polymer Bulletin:1-32.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-024-05247-4Karagöz İ, Büyükkaya K, Demirer H, Mudu M, Kartal İ (2024) Mechanical and thermal

characterization of elastomer modified polypropylene hybrid composites reinforced with hazelnut shell and wollastonite fillers. J Appl Polym Sci:e55710.https://doi.org/10.1002/app.55710Karagöz İ, Mutlu D, Çavuşoğlu A, 33.Çelebi M, Ceylan Ö (2024) A comprehensive study on the effect of small rates of walnut shell and talc fillers on the thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of epoxy hybrid composites. Biomass Convers and Biorefin:1- .https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-024-05660-9Salasinska K, Barczewski M, Borucka M, 34.Górny RL, Kozikowski P, Celiński M, et al. (2019) Thermal stability, fire and smoke behaviour of epoxy composites modified with plant waste fillers. Polymers 11:1234.https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11081234Sepetcioglu H, Demet SM, Bagci M (2023) A comprehensive experimental study of enhanced solid particle erosive resistance on the inner/outer surface of graphene nanoplatelets modified basalt/epoxy composite pipe. Polym Compos 44:6944-56.https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27609Han Y, 35Liu J, He XJ, Zhou C (2012) Morphology and properties of ASA/PC blends. Adv Mater Res 450:1467-70.https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.450-451.1467

36.Han Y, Tai Z-X, Zhou C, Zhang M-Y, Zhang H-X, Liu F-Q (2009) Influence of blend composition on the mechanical properties and morphology of PC/ASA/SAN ternary blends. Polym Bull 62:855-66.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-009-0057-Palacios-Ibáñez 37.B, Relinque JJ, Moreno-Sánchez D, de León AS, Delgado FJ, Escobar-Galindo R, et al. (2022) Synthesis and Characterisation of ASA-PEEK Composites for Fused Filament Fabrication. Polymers 14:496.https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14030496Huang 38.J, Kuo C, Tsai H-Y (2022) Stiffness enhancement, anti-aging, and self-forming holes in polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic by the core-shell structure of acrylic resin. Polymers 14:782.https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14030496

39.Boehme M, Fu G, Ionescu E, Ensinger W (2010) Fabrication of anatase titanium dioxide nanotubes by electroless deposition using polycarbonate for separate casting method. Nano-Micro Letters2:26-30.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03353613

40.Redjala S, Ferhoum R, Aït Hocine N, Azem S (2019) Degradation of polycarbonateproperties under thermal aging. J Fail Analy and Prev 19:536-.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-019-00630-0

41.Zhang W, Dai J, Wu Y-C, Chen J-X, Shan S-Y, Cai Z, et al. (2022) Highly reactive cyclic carbonates with a fused ring toward functionalizable and recyclable polycarbonates. ACS Macro Letters 11:178.https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00653

42.Guessasma S, Belhabib S, Nouri H (2019) Microstructure, thermal and mechanical behavior of 3D printed acrylonitrile styrene acrylate. Macromol Mater Eng

304:1800793.https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.201800793

43.Kumar SR, Sridhar S, Venkatraman R, Venkatesan M (2021) Polymer additive manufacturing of ASA structure: Influence of printing parameters on mechanical properties. Mater Today 39:1316-

9.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.04.500

  1. Ramírez-Revilla S, Camacho-Valencia D, Gonzales-Condori EG, Márquez G (2023) Evaluation and comparison of the degradability and compressive and tensile properties of 3D printing polymeric materials: PLA, PETG, PC, and ASA. MRS Commun 13:55-62.https://doi.org/10.1557/s43579-022- 00311-4
  2. Ramteke AA, Maiti S (2010) Mechanical properties of polycarbonate/modified acrylonitrile‐styrene‐ acrylate terpolymer blend. J Appl Polym Sci 116:486-92. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.31560

46.Arzumanova NB (2021) Polymer biocomposites based on agro waste: Part iii. shells of various nuts as natural filler for polymer composites. New Mater Comp Appl 5:19-44

47.Kabir MM, Alhaik MY, Aldajah SH, Lau KT, Wang H, Islam MM (2021) Effect of Hemp Fibre Surface Treatment on the Fibre‐Matrix Interface and the Influence of Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Lignin Contents on Composite Strength Properties. Adv Mater Sci 2021:9753779.https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9753779

48.Miao C, Hamad WY (2013) Cellulose reinforced polymer composites and nanocomposites: a critical review. Cellulose 20:2221-62.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-013-0007-3

49.Shahapurkar K, Darekar V, Banjan R, Nidasosi N, Soudagar MEM (2021) Factors affecting the solid particle erosion of environment pollutant and natural particulate filled polymer composites—A review. Polym Polym Compos 29:1587-98.https://doi.org/10.1177/0967391120971411

50.Demet SM (2023) Grafen Nanoplaka Katkılı Bazalt Elyaf Takviyeli Kompozit Boruların İç Yüzey Erozif Aşınma Direncinde Aşındırıcı Partikül Hızının Rolünün İncelenmesi. Çukurova ÜniversitesiMühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 38:90715.https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaumfd.1410220

51.Demet SM, Sepetcioglu H, Bagci M (2023) Solid particle erosion behavior on the outer surface of basalt/epoxy composite pipes produced by the filament winding technique. Polymers15:319.https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15020319

52.Hutchings I (1993) Mechanisms of wear in powder technology: a review. Powder Technol 76:3- 13.https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-5910(93)80035-9

53.Sundararajan G, Roy M, Venkataraman B (1990) Erosion efficiency-a new parameter to characterize the dominant erosion micromechanism. Wear 140:369-81.https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(90)90096-S

54.Clark HM (1992) The influence of the flow field in slurry erosion. Wear 152:223- 40.https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(92)90122-O

55.Miyazaki N (2016) Solid particle erosion of composite materials: A critical review. J Compos Mater 50:3175-217.https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998315617818

56.Saran CS, Satapathy A (2024) Epoxy‐hemp and epoxy‐flax composites filled with glass dust for enhanced thermal insulation: An analytical and experimental study. Polym Compos 45:5244-55. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.28123

57.Das O, Sarmah AK, Bhattacharyya D (2016) Biocomposites from waste derived biochars: Mechanical, thermal, chemical, and morphological properties. J Waste Manag 49:560-

70.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.12.007

58.Ho M-P, Lau K-T (2014) Enhancement of impact resistance of biodegradable polymer using bamboo charcoal particles. Mater Lett 136:122-5.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.07.165

59.Karagöz İ, Tamer İM, Çavuşoğlu A, Sepetcioglu H (2024) Investigation of mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of walnut shell and nano clay reinforced HDPE composites. MaterTodaCommun:110905.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.110905

60.Yang J, Zhang K, Chen D, Zhang Y, Zhang X (2022) Physical, mechanical and abrasive wear behavior of attapulgite reinforced walnut shell/PVC composites. J Polym Res29:522.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-022-03374-

61.Shejkar SK, Agrawal B, Agrawal A, Gupta G (2022) Physical, mechanical, and sliding wear behavior of epoxy composites filled with surface modified walnut shell particulate. Polym Compos 43:7526-37. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.26847

62.Shejkar SK, Agrawal B, Agrawal A, Gupta G, Pati PR (2023) Influence of filler content and surface modification on physical and mechanical properties of epoxy/walnut shell particulate composites. J Adhes Sci Technol 37:1215-32.https://doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2022.2066915

nn[/if 1104][if 1104 not_equal=””]n

    [foreach 1102]n t

  1. [if 1106 equals=””], [/if 1106][if 1106 not_equal=””],[/if 1106]

    2. n[/foreach]

n[/if 1104]

n

nn[if 1114 equals=”Yes”]n

n[/if 1114]

n

n

[if 424 not_equal=””][else]Ahead of Print[/if 424] Subscription Original Research

n

n

n

n

n

Journal of Polymer and Composites

n

[if 344 not_equal=””]ISSN: 2321–2810[/if 344]

n

n

n

nn

n

[if 2146 equals=”Yes”][/if 2146][if 2146 not_equal=”Yes”][/if 2146]n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n[if 1748 not_equal=””]

[else]

[/if 1748]n

n[if 1746 equals=”Retracted”]n

n

n

n

[/if 1746]n[if 4734 not_equal=””]

n

n

n

[/if 4734]n

n

Volume 13
[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] 06
Received 08/07/2025
Accepted 14/08/2025
Published 01/09/2025
Retracted
Publication Time 55 Days

n

n

14

nn

n

Login

n
My IP
n

PlumX Metrics

nn

n

n

n[if 1746 equals=”Retracted”]n

[/if 1746]nnn

nnn”}]