The Role of Optimization and Probability in Shaping Artificial Intelligence

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This is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.

Year : 2025 | Volume : 16 | 02 | Page : –
    By

    Atul Singla,

  1. Assistant Professor, DAV College Bathinda, Department of Mathematics,, Punjab, India

Abstract

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This paper discusses the basic roles of optimization algorithms and the theory of probability in the process of evolution and development of intelligent (AI). First, we introduce the role played by the next generation of leading-edge optimization algorithms developed since gradient descent to evolutionary strategies with respect to the learning of high-level AI models and how to enable them to learn to effectively explore high- dimensional parameter spaces. At the same time, probabilistic principles including Bayesian inference and stochastic modeling, provide tractable methods to address uncertainty, model interpretability, and highly informed decision-making under incomplete data. Bringing such mathematical constructions together, our research demonstrates the role of optimisation and probability as the foundations of learning adaptation and generalisation and as a pathway towards new avenues in adaptive, robust AI. The research goes deeper into experimental analyses that show advantages of this integration across AI domains, including reinforcement learning, computer vision, and natural language processing.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Optimization Techniques, Probability Theory, Gradient Descent, Evolutionary Algorithms, Bayesian Inference, Stochastic Modelling.

How to cite this article:
Atul Singla. The Role of Optimization and Probability in Shaping Artificial Intelligence. Journal of Computer Technology & Applications. 2025; 16(02):-.
How to cite this URL:
Atul Singla. The Role of Optimization and Probability in Shaping Artificial Intelligence. Journal of Computer Technology & Applications. 2025; 16(02):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jocta/article=2025/view=0


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Ahead of Print Subscription Original Research
Volume 16
02
Received 28/04/2025
Accepted 20/06/2025
Published 30/06/2025
Publication Time 63 Days
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