Assay of the Antitrypanosomal Activity of ZIingiber officinale Extaract in Wister Rats


Year : 2025 | Volume : 14 | 01 | Page : –
    By

    Rufa’I F. A.,

  • Zakari A. I.,

  • Sani A.A.,

  • Umar A.,

  • Shaibu M.,

  1. Researcher, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis (and Onchocerciasis) Research, Bayero University Kano, PMB 3011, Gwarzo Road, Kano, , Nigeria
  2. Researcher, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis (and Onchocerciasis) Research, Bayero University Kano, PMB 3011, Gwarzo Road, Kano, , Nigeria
  3. Researcher, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis (and Onchocerciasis) Research, Bayero University Kano, PMB 3011, Gwarzo Road, Kano, , Nigeria
  4. Researcher, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis (and Onchocerciasis) Research, Bayero University Kano, PMB 3011, Gwarzo Road, Kano, , Nigeria
  5. Researcher, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis (and Onchocerciasis) Research, Bayero University Kano, PMB 3011, Gwarzo Road, Kano, , Nigeria

Abstract

document.addEventListener(‘DOMContentLoaded’,function(){frmFrontForm.scrollToID(‘frm_container_abs_161071’);});Edit Abstract & Keyword

This research investigated the antitrypanosomal effects of Zingiber officinale in rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Twelve adult rats, seven weeks old and of both sexes, were randomly divided into six groups (1 through 6), with each group consisting of two rats. All six groups (1–6) were intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 ml of blood containing 10⁶ Trypanosomes/ml. Groups 1–4 received daily intraperitoneal doses of the plant extract at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/ml/kg body weight, respectively. Group 5 was administered suramin, a standard anti-trypanosomal drug, at a dose of 7.86 mg/kg, serving as the positive control, while Group 6 remained untreated, acting as the negative control. Treatments were initiated four days after infection. The study evaluated physical and behavioral changes, along with hematological parameters. Phytochemical analysis revealed that Zingiber officinale contains saponins, tannins, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and flavonoids as major components. Acute toxicity tests suggested the plant is relatively safe. Rats treated with the plant extract displayed mild mucous membrane pallor, poor body condition, fever, lacrimation, aggression, and increased food intake. Furthermore, a significant reduction in mean PCV, Hgb, RBC, MCV, MCH, and MCHC values was observed in all groups treated with the extract compared to the suramin-treated group (P < 0.05).The study concluded that Zingiber officinale contains essential phytochemicals and bioactive compounds that are relatively safe and possess potent trypanocidal properties, making it a potential candidate for the treatment of trypanosomiasis

Keywords: Zingiber officinale, antitrypanosmal, Haematology, Suramin, lacrimation.

How to cite this article:
Rufa’I F. A., Zakari A. I., Sani A.A., Umar A., Shaibu M.. Assay of the Antitrypanosomal Activity of ZIingiber officinale Extaract in Wister Rats. Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2025; 14(01):-.
How to cite this URL:
Rufa’I F. A., Zakari A. I., Sani A.A., Umar A., Shaibu M.. Assay of the Antitrypanosomal Activity of ZIingiber officinale Extaract in Wister Rats. Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2025; 14(01):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjovst/article=2025/view=0


document.addEventListener(‘DOMContentLoaded’,function(){frmFrontForm.scrollToID(‘frm_container_ref_161071’);});Edit

References

  1. Abenga, J. N, Enwezor, F. N. C., Lawani, F. A.G., Ezebuiro, C., Sule, J., David, K. M. (2017). Prevalence of Trypanosomiasis in Trade Cattle at Slaughter in Kaduna, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 23:107 – 110.
  2. Ajakaiye JJ, Muhammad AA, Mazadu MR, Shuaibu Y, Kugu BA, Mohammad B, Bizi RL, Benjamin MS. Trypadim®, Trypamidium® and Novidium® can eliminate the negative effects on the body temperature and serum chemistry in Wistar rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei (Federe strain). Int. Res. J. Biochem. Bioinform. 2014 Nov 19;4(4):37-41.
  3. Aparna, V., Dileep, K.V., Mandal, P.K., Karthe, P., Sadavisan,C., Haridas, M.(2012). Anti-inflammatory property of n-hexadecanoic acid: structural evidence and kinetic assessment. Biol. Drug. Des. 80(3), 434-439.
  4. Balogun JB, Abubakar Z, Ibrahim TB, Balogun SU, Sadiq IS, Dogara MM, Idoko SI, Owolodun HO, Orendu MA. In vivo anti-trypanosomal potential of methanol root extract of Terminalia macroptera (Guill. And Perr.) in Trypanosoma brucei brucei infected Wistar rat. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences. 2017;2(5):12-7.
  5. Chanie, M., Dulecha, A., and Basaznew, B. (2013) Socio-Economic Assessment of the Impacts of Trypanosomiasis on Cattle in Girja District, Southern Oromia Region, Southern Ethiopia.ActaParasitologicaGlobalis 4 (3): 80-85
  6. Deitsch , K.W., Lukehart , S.A., and Stringer, J.R. (2009). Common strategies for antigenic variation by bacterial, fungal and protozoan pathogens. Rev. Microbiol. 7: 493-503.
  7. Ejikeugwu C., Umeokoli B., Iroha I., Ugwu, M., Esimone C., (2015). Phytochemical and antibacterial screening of crude extracts from leaves of wonderful kola. American journal of life sciences, 3(2):5-8.
  8. Erhirhei, E.O., Moke, G., E.,Prabhu, K.S., (2014). A Review of its ethnomedicinal, Chemical and Pharmacological properties. American jornal of Pharm Tech research. 4(6):22-37.
  9. Erhirhie, E. O., Ben-AzuBenne, A., Moke, G.E.,Chinwub, P. and Omonjiahio,I. (2015).Ethno-pharmacological Review of Buchhoiziacoriacea (Wonderful Kola).International Journal  of  Advances  in pharmacy, biology  and  chemistry– 4(1),  ISSN: 2277 – 4688150
  10. Fatope, A.,Coleman,,C.T. and Phumg, O.J.(2001) .Extraction of plant materials. Ann Fam Med. (5);432-9.doi;10.123/afm.1517
  11. Herbert, W. J. and Lumsden, W. A. (1976). Trypanosome brucei: A rapid matching method for estimating the host’s parasitaemia. jornal of Experimental Parasitology, 40:427-431.
  12. John, L., Ogle, G.D., Scianna, J., Winslow, S .and Holzworth, K.(2003). Plant materials collection guide.4 th ed. USAID,Inc.; New York
  13. Kumar, P.P., Kumaravel, S. and Lalitha, C.(2010). Screening of antioxidant activity, total phenolics and  GC-MS Study of Vitex negundo. Afr. J. Biochem. Res. 4(2): 191-195.
  14. Lorke, D. (1983) A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Toxicol., 54; 275-285
  15. Maigari,   K.,  Liman,  S. B.,  Musa,  A.  M.,  Sani,  A.,  Jarmai,  Abubakar, S., K. Y.,Jega, Z. H. (2015). Mixed Occurrence of Trypanosomes in Trade Cattle Slaughtered at Kano Abattoir, Northwestern Nigeria, International Journal of Current Research. 7, (9), 20916-20919.
  16. Maigari, A.K., and Dabo, N.T., (2018). Prevalence and source distribution of Trypanosoma evansi in trade camels in Kano state. Fudma Journal of Microbiology, 1(1):234-239.
  17. Mbaya,A., Kumshe. H and Nwosu,C.O. (2012) The Mechanims of Anaemia in Trypanosomosis : A Review . Aneimia , Dr. Donald Silverberg (ed) , ISBN : 978-953- 51-01 38-3, in Tech . Accessed 2013 From http: //www.intech open.com /books/anemia/the –mechanisms –of Anemia –in tryp
  18. Mugasa, C. M., Katiti, D., Boobo, A., Lubega, G. W., Schallig, H. D. and Matoru, E. (2014). Comparison of Nucleic Acid Sequence based Amplification and Loop – mediated Isothermal Amplification for Diagnosis of Human African Trypanosomiasis. Microbol Infect Dis, 78(2): 144 – 148.
  19. Nakayima, J. (2016) Diagnostic Methods for African Trypanosomiasis. Retrieved from : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292616299 , September, 2016.
  20. Rufa’i, F.A.; Baecker, D.;Mukhtar, M.D. PhytochemicalScreening, GC-MS Analysis, and Evaluating In Vivo Antitrypanosomal Effects of a Methanolic Extract of Garcinia kola Nuts on Rats. Antibiotics 2023, 12, 713. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/antibiotics12040713
  1. Silva, G.L., Lee, I. and Kinghorn, A.D. (1998) Special prob- lems with the extraction of plants. In: Cannel R.J.P., editor. Natural Products Isolation. 1. Human Press, Totowa. New Jersey. p354-360
  2. WHO, (2023). Human Africantrypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness). URL: Fact          sheet N°259: African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness. Accessed 27th August, 2013.
  3. Woo P. T. K. (1969). The Haematocrit Centrifuge for the Detection of Trypanosomes in Blood. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47: 921 – 923.
Ahead of Print Subscription Original Research
Volume 14
01
Received 18/01/2025
Accepted 03/02/2025
Published 12/02/2025
68