Assessing the Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide: A Comprehensive Study

Year : 2024 | Volume : | : | Page : –
By
vector

Navaneeth Krishna B,

  1. UG scholar, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Srinivas College of Pharmacy, Valachil, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Abstract document.addEventListener(‘DOMContentLoaded’,function(){frmFrontForm.scrollToID(‘frm_container_abs_130477’);});Edit Abstract & Keyword

Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), has emerged as a versatile therapeutic agent with significant potential in managing a range of diseases. Extensive research has demonstrated its efficacy in treating obesity, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and even neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson’s disease. This comprehensive review examines the principal outcomes derived from clinical trials that incorporate Semaglutide alongside other GLP-1 agonists, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms underlying Semaglutide’s action, its effects on weight reduction, its safety profile, and its wider health ramifications. Activation of GLP-1 receptors increases incretin activity, resulting in increased insulin secretion and improved insulin sensitivity; consequently, postprandial and fasting glucose levels will reduce, making it a valuable drug in the management of diabetes. Moreover, semaglutide promotes weight loss by reducing caloric intake and slowing gastric motility. This two-fold act contributes to its efficiency in addressing obesity, a mounting worldwide health alarm. Importantly, the drug has been shown to have a favourable cardiovascular risk profile, with no increased risk of cardiovascular events. In conclusion, semaglutide’s promising therapeutic potential extends beyond diabetes management. Its ability to address obesity and explore potential applications in neurodegenerative diseases positions it as a valuable treatment option for a wide range of patients. As explore remains to uncover its full potential, semaglutide is composed to make a substantial influence on health care.

Keywords: Obesity, type 2 diabetes, weight loss, Cardiovascular disease, Semaglutide.

How to cite this article:
Navaneeth Krishna B. Assessing the Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide: A Comprehensive Study. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology. 2024; ():-.
How to cite this URL:
Navaneeth Krishna B. Assessing the Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide: A Comprehensive Study. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology. 2024; ():-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjop/article=2024/view=0

References
document.addEventListener(‘DOMContentLoaded’,function(){frmFrontForm.scrollToID(‘frm_container_ref_130477’);});Edit

  1. Ansari S, Haboubi H, Haboubi N. Adult obesity complications: challenges and clinical impact. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2020; 11:2020.
  2. Hruby A, Hu FB. The Epidemiology of Obesity: A Big Picture. Pharmacoeconomics. 2014;33(7):673–89.
  3. Garcia M, Mulvagh SL, Bairey Merz CN, Buring JE, Manson JE. Cardiovascular Disease in Women. Circ Res. 2016;118(8):1273–93.
  4. Davies MJ, Aroda VR, Collins BS, Gabbay RA, Green J, Maruthur NM, et al. Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes, 2022. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetologia. 2022;65(12):1925–66.
  5. Lin X, Li H. Obesity: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutics. Front Endocrinol. 2021;12:706978.
  6. Panuganti KK, Nguyen M, Kshirsagar RK. Obesity. Natl Cent Biotechnol Inf. 2023. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29083734/ [Accessed 2024 Jun 05].
  7. Chen YK, Liu TT, Teia FKF, Xie MZ. Exploring the underlying mechanisms of obesity and diabetes and the potential of Traditional Chinese Medicine: an overview of the literature. Front Endocrinol. 2023;14:1218880.
  8. Verde L, Frias-Toral E, Cardenas D. Editorial: Environmental factors implicated in obesity. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1171507.
  9. Abdelaal M, le Roux CW, Docherty NG. Morbidity and mortality associated with obesity. Ann Transl Med. 2017;5(7):161-72.
  10. Mahapatra MK, Karuppasamy M, Sahoo BM. Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist with cardiovascular benefits for management of type 2 diabetes. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2022;23(3):521-39.
  11. Niman S, Hardy J, Goldfaden RF, Reid J, Sheikh-Ali M, Sutton D, et al. A review on the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide. Drugs R D. 2021;21(2):133–48.
  12. Ghusn W, De la Rosa A, Sacoto D, Cifuentes L, Campos A, Feris F, Hurtado MD, Acosta A. Weight loss outcomes associated with semaglutide treatment for patients with overweight or obesity. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(9).
  13. Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, Diamant M, Ferrannini E, Nauck M, Peters AL, Tsapas A, Wender R, Matthews DR. Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes: a patient-centered approach. Position statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetologia. 2012 Jun;55:1577-96.
  14. Andersen A, Knop FK, Vilsbøll T. A Pharmacological and Clinical Overview of Oral Semaglutide for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Drugs. 2021;81(9):1003–30.
  15. Cigrovski Berkovic M, Rezic T, Bilic-Curcic I, Mrzljak A. Semaglutide might be a key for breaking the vicious cycle of metabolically associated fatty liver disease spectrum? World J Clin Cases. 2022;10(20):6759–68.
  16. Qin W, Yang J, Deng C, Ruan Q, Duan K. Efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg for weight loss in overweight or obese adults without diabetes: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis including the 2‐year STEP 5 trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2024;26(3):911-23.
  17. Iorga RA, Bacalbasa N, Carsote M, Bratu OG, Stanescu AM, Bungau S, Pantis C, Diaconu CC. Metabolic and cardiovascular benefits of GLP‑1 agonists, besides the hypoglycemic effect. Exp Ther Med. 2020;20(3):2396-400.
  18. Wan J, Ferrari C, Tadros M. GLP-1RA Essentials in Gastroenterology: Side Effect Management, Precautions for Endoscopy and Applications for Gastrointestinal Disease Treatment. Gastroenterology Insights. 2024 Feb 18;15(1):191-212.Bhat R, Shanbhag P. Evaluation of anticonvulsant activity of Bixa Orellana Linn. seed. J Pharmacovigil Drug Res. 2023;4(3):34-9.
  19. Garg SK, Kaur G, Haider Z, Rodriquez E, Beatson C, Snell-Berge on J. Efficacy of Semaglutide in Overweight and Obese Patients with Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2024;26(3):184–9.
  20. Shanbhag P, Satish S, Bhat R, Shabaraya AR. A need of the hour: pharmacovigilance in healthcare setting–nothing less than safety. Int J Curr Res Physiol Pharmacol. 2023;7(3):19-24.
  21. Noronha QW, Fathima T, Bhat R, Shabaraya AR. Current and Emerging Pharmacotherapies for Zika Virus: A Comprehensive Review. Indian J Pharm Drug Stud. 2022;1(3):97-101.
  22. Bhat R, Shanbhag P. Emerging Trends in Biomaterials for Cancer Immunotherapy and Genome Editing: A Comprehensive Review. Indian J Pharm Drug Stud. 2024;3(2):1-9.
  23. Marso SP, Bain SC, Consoli A, Eliaschewitz FG, Jódar E, Leiter LA, et al. Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016 Nov 10;375(19):1834–44.
  24. Hogg E, Wu T, Bresee C, Wertheimer J, Malatt C, Tan E, et al. A Phase II, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Liraglutide in Parkinson’s Disease. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2022.
  25. Shu Y, He X, Wu P, Liu Y, Ding Y, Zhang Q. Gastrointestinal adverse events associated with semaglutide: A pharmacovigilance study based on FDA adverse event reporting system. Front Public Health. 2022;10.
  26. YALE JF, MAJOR-PEDERSEN A, CATARIG AM, JAIN R, MENZEN M, HOLMES P. 797-P: Safety Profile of Once-Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide in a Real-World Adult Population with T2D. Diabetes. 2023;72(Supplement_1).
  27. Bhat R, Shanbhag P. Spotlight on neutralizing antibodies of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron. J Community Pharm Pract. 2023;3(5):38.
  28. Tilinca MC, Tiuca RA, Niculas C, Varga A, Tilea I. Future perspectives in diabesity treatment: Semaglutide, a glucagon‑like peptide 1 receptor agonist. Exp Ther Med. 2021;22(4):1-1.
  29. Hasanzad M, Sarhangi N, Nikfar S, Ostad SN, Aghaei Meybodi HR. A narrative review of current trends in liraglutide: insights into the unmet needs in management of type 2 diabetes and obesity. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2020;19(2):1863-72.
  30. Garvey WT, Batterham RL, Bhatta M, Buscemi S, Christensen LN, Frias JP, Jódar E, Kandler K, Rigas G, Wadden TA, Wharton S. Two-year effects of semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity: the STEP 5 trial. Nat Med. 2022;28(10):2083-91.
  31. Holst JJ, Madsbad S. Semaglutide seems to be more effective the other GLP-1Ras. Ann Transl Med. 2017;505–505.
  32. Mahapatra MK, Karuppasamy M, Sahoo BM. Therapeutic Potential of Semaglutide, a Newer GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, in Abating Obesity, Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Neurodegenerative diseases: A Narrative Review. Pharm Res. 2022;39(6):1233–48.
  33. Yao H, Zhang A, Li D, Wu Y, Wang CZ, Wan JY, Yuan CS. Comparative effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists on glycaemic control, body weight, and lipid profile for type 2 diabetes: systematic review and network meta-analysis. bmj. 2024 Jan 29;384.
  34. Gorgojo-Martínez JJ, Mezquita-Raya P, Carretero-Gómez J, Castro A, Cebrián-Cuenca A, de Torres-Sánchez A, García-de-Lucas MD, Núñez J, Obaya JC, Soler MJ, Górriz JL. Clinical recommendations to manage gastrointestinal adverse events in patients treated with Glp-1 receptor agonists: a multidisciplinary expert consensus. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022 Dec 24;12(1):145.
  35. Sodhi M, Rezaeianzadeh R, Kezouh A, Etminan M. Risk of gastrointestinal adverse events associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight loss. Jama. 2023 Nov 14;330(18):1795-7.
  36. Kalinderi K, Papaliagkas V, Fidani L. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A New Treatment in Parkinson’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(7):3812.
  37. Harris E. Semaglutide Improved Cardiovascular Health in People Without Diabetes. JAMA. 2023;330(23):2241.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Ahead of Print Subscription Review Article
Volume
Received 07/10/2024
Accepted 18/12/2024
Published 31/12/2024