Biochemical Changes in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Plants Induced by Flooding


Year : 2024 | Volume : 13 | Issue : 03 | Page : 1-9
    By

    Hariswami Das,

  • Usha Chakraborty,

  1. professor, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, North Bengal, India
  2. Professor, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, North Bengal, India

Abstract

Flooding is a significant environmental stressor that affects the growth, development, and productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), a crucial pulse crop grown worldwide, especially in India. This study investigates the biochemical changes in chickpea plants subjected to prolonged and sudden flooding. Key parameters analyzed include carbohydrate metabolism, protein content, chlorophyll levels, amylase activity, and proline accumulation. Results show that flooding significantly reduces total sugar content in leaves, stems, and roots, while increasing reducing sugar levels, indicating a shift from carbohydrate storage to energy mobilization. Amylase activity was notably higher in all flooded plants, particularly in leaves, suggesting enhanced starch breakdown to support energy demands under stress conditions. Furthermore, flooding led to a marked reduction in chlorophyll content in leaves, resulting in chlorosis and a decline in photosynthetic capacity, although no significant change was observed in the stems. Protein content exhibited variable responses, with a slight increase in leaves under prolonged flooding but a decrease in roots across all conditions. Proline accumulation, a well-known stress response, was significantly higher in all plant tissues under prolonged flooding, acting as an osmoprotectant and stabilizing cellular structures.These biochemical adjustments reflect the chickpea plant’s adaptive mechanisms to cope with flooding stress. Recent research further supports these findings, highlighting the roles of carbohydrate metabolism, enzymatic activity, and stress-induced proline accumulation in enhancing plant tolerance. The insights gained from this study can aid in developing strategies to improve chickpea resilience to flooding, contributing to stable crop yields under increasingly erratic climatic conditions. Understanding these responses at the biochemical and molecular levels is crucial for breeding programs aimed at enhancing stress tolerance in chickpea and other important crops.

Keywords: Chickpea, Cicer arietinum L., flooding stress, carbohydrate metabolism, protein content, chlorophyll degradation, amylase activity, proline accumulation, biochemical changes, crop resilience.

[This article belongs to Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology (rrjoast)]

How to cite this article:
Hariswami Das, Usha Chakraborty. Biochemical Changes in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Plants Induced by Flooding. Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 2024; 13(03):1-9.
How to cite this URL:
Hariswami Das, Usha Chakraborty. Biochemical Changes in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Plants Induced by Flooding. Research & Reviews : Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 2024; 13(03):1-9. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjoast/article=2024/view=183442


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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 13
Issue 03
Received 14/09/2024
Accepted 11/10/2024
Published 14/10/2024


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