Sujan Banerjee,
Saikat Barman,
Koushik Mandal,
Srijan Kr. Dey,
- Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, Swami Vivekananda School of Diploma, West Bengal State Council of Technical & Vocational Education and Skill Development, West Bengal, India
- Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, Swami Vivekananda School of Diploma, West Bengal State Council of Technical & Vocational Education and Skill Development, West Bengal, India
- Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, Swami Vivekananda School of Diploma, West Bengal State Council of Technical & Vocational Education and Skill Development, West Bengal, India
- Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, Swami Vivekananda School of Diploma, West Bengal State Council of Technical & Vocational Education and Skill Development, West Bengal, India
Abstract
Driver fatigue is one of the leading reasons behind road accidents because it reduces driver attention, slows reaction time, and affects decision-making ability while driving. To address this issue, a real-time fatigue detection and alert system has been developed using Arduino-based embedded technology. The proposed framework continuously monitors the driver’s eye activity with the help of an infrared eye blink sensor, which detects eyelid movement and eye closure patterns during driving conditions. The sensor data collected from the driver is processed by an Arduino Nano microcontroller, where the eye closure duration is compared with a predefined threshold value. If the system identifies an abnormal or prolonged eye closure that indicates fatigue or drowsiness, it immediately activates warning mechanisms such as a buzzer alarm and vibration alert to awaken the driver and prevent possible accidents. Experimental analysis shows that the developed system effectively distinguishes normal blinking from fatigue-related eye closure with reliable accuracy. The compact design, low implementation cost, and stable performance make the system suitable for practical vehicle safety applications. In addition, the framework can be further enhanced in the future by integrating intelligent processing methods and advanced monitoring algorithms to improve precision detection and overall driving safety.
Keywords: Arduino nano, driver drowsiness detection, eye blink sensor, embedded system, alert mechanism
[This article belongs to Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications ]
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Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications
| Volume | 14 | |
| Issue | 02 | |
| Received | 03/04/2026 | |
| Accepted | 06/07/2026 | |
| Published | 05/09/2026 | |
| Publication Time | 155 Days |