Carbon Quantum Dots and Bioinspired Photonic Nanomaterials for Next-Generation Optoelectronics, Nanomedicine, and Photodynamic Applications

Year : 2026 | Volume : 04 | Issue : 02 | Page : 16 24
By

A. Ajitha,

R. Ranjitham,

K. Seethalakshmi,

S. Ravichandran,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Tagore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Deviyakurichi Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
  2. Assistant Professor, 4Department of Chemistry, Tagore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Deviyakurichi, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
  3. Assistant professor, Department of Physics, Sree Devi Kumari Women’s College, Kuzithurai, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
  4. Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Sree Devi Kumari Women’s College, Kuzithurai, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and bioinspired photonic nanomaterials have emerged as promising multifunctional platforms for a wide range of applications in optoelectronics, nanomedicine, biosensing, fluorescence imaging, and photodynamic therapy. CQDs are nanoscale carbon-based materials characterized by unique optical and electronic properties, including size-dependent photoluminescence, high photostability, excellent water solubility, low cytotoxicity, and remarkable biocompatibility. These characteristics make them attractive alternatives to conventional semiconductor quantum dots for both technological and biomedical applications. Inspired by natural photonic systems such as photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes, rhodopsin-based photoreceptors, butterfly wings, and bioluminescent organisms, researchers have developed advanced nanostructures capable of efficient photon capture, energy transfer, and photoinduced charge separation. Recent advances in synthesis techniques, including hydrothermal, solvothermal, microwave-assisted, and green synthesis approaches, have enabled precise control over the size, surface chemistry, and optical properties of CQDs. Functionalization and heteroatom doping further enhance their photophysical performance and application versatility. In optoelectronics, CQDs have been incorporated into photodetectors, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and flexible electronic devices due to their tunable emission characteristics and efficient charge transport properties. In the biomedical field, CQDs are increasingly utilized for targeted drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, and photodynamic therapy because of their excellent fluorescence behavior and biological compatibility. Furthermore, bioinspired photonic nanomaterials are being explored for artificial photosynthesis and sustainable energy conversion systems, where efficient light harvesting and electron transfer are critical. This review highlights recent developments in the synthesis, photophysical properties, and multifunctional applications of CQDs and related bioinspired photonic nanomaterials, while discussing current challenges and future opportunities for the development of intelligent nanophotonic and bioelectronic technologies

Keywords: Carbon quantum dots; bioinspired photonic nanomaterials; optoelectronics; nanomedicine; fluorescence imaging; photodynamic therapy

[This article belongs to International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research ]

How to cite this article: A. Ajitha, R. Ranjitham, K. Seethalakshmi, S. Ravichandran. Carbon Quantum Dots and Bioinspired Photonic Nanomaterials for Next-Generation Optoelectronics, Nanomedicine, and Photodynamic Applications. International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research. 2026; 04(02):16-24.
How to cite this URL: A. Ajitha, R. Ranjitham, K. Seethalakshmi, S. Ravichandran. Carbon Quantum Dots and Bioinspired Photonic Nanomaterials for Next-Generation Optoelectronics, Nanomedicine, and Photodynamic Applications. International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research. 2026; 04(02):16-24. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijppr/article=2026/view=256553

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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 04
Issue 02
Received 15/06/2026
Accepted 20/06/2026
Published 30/06/2026
Publication Time 15 Days

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