Modern Catalytic Systems: Mechanisms, Materials Engineering, and Sustainable Applications

Year : 2026 | Volume : 13 | Issue : 02 | Page : 01 09
By

Bijoy Kumar Mondal,

  1. Assistant professor, Department of Chemistry, Uttara High School and College, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract

Catalysis is a fundamental pillar of modern chemical science and industrial manufacturing, enabling efficient production of fuels, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, polymers, and environmentally important products through the acceleration of chemical reactions and reduction of activation energy barriers. This review provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary catalytic systems, with emphasis on the relationship between catalyst structure, reaction mechanisms, catalytic performance, and long-term stability. The discussion begins with the classification of homogeneous, heterogeneous, fluorous biphasic, polymer-supported, and nanostructured catalytic systems, highlighting their mechanistic features, advantages, limitations, and industrial relevance. Particular attention is given to zeolite-based catalysts, porous materials, and nanoscale engineering strategies that improve surface reactivity, selectivity, and resistance to deactivation. Recent developments in nanocatalysts, single-atom catalysts, and hybrid catalytic platforms are examined in relation to sustainable chemical transformations, including hydrogen production, biomass valorization, carbon dioxide reduction, and photocatalytic processes. The review also analyzes major catalyst deactivation pathways, including poisoning, coke deposition, sintering, leaching, and structural degradation, together with current regeneration and stabilization strategies. Emerging trends such as photothermal catalysis, biomimetic catalytic systems, and renewable-energy-driven catalytic cycles are further discussed as future directions for sustainable chemical manufacturing. Overall, this review highlights how advances in catalyst design, mechanistic understanding, and materials engineering continue to shape the development of greener, more efficient, and economically viable catalytic technologies for modern industrial applications.

 

Keywords: Homogeneous catalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, nanocatalysts, sustainable catalysis, catalyst deactivation, catalyst engineering

[This article belongs to Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis ]

How to cite this article: Bijoy Kumar Mondal. Modern Catalytic Systems: Mechanisms, Materials Engineering, and Sustainable Applications. Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis. 2026; 13(02):01-09.
How to cite this URL: Bijoy Kumar Mondal. Modern Catalytic Systems: Mechanisms, Materials Engineering, and Sustainable Applications. Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis. 2026; 13(02):01-09. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jocc/article=2026/view=254938

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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 13
Issue 02
Received 29/05/2026
Accepted 03/06/2026
Published 25/06/2026
Publication Time 27 Days

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