Systematic Analysis of the Pharmacological Properties of Different Plant Parts of Madhuca sp.

Year : 2026 | Volume : 15 | 02 | Page :
    By

    Vineet Singh,

  1. Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, Noida-201309, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Madhuca sp., a perennial tree belonging to the Sapotaceae family, are widely distributed across South and Southeast Asia. It holds considerable value across the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical sectors. The growing interest among cultivators, agronomists, and industry stakeholders stems from the diverse bioactive potential documented across different parts of the plant, including the bark, leaves, seeds, and flowers. Traditional and emerging evidence points to a wide spectrum of pharmacological actions, ranging from antioxidant and antimicrobial effects to anticancer, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and neuroprotective properties, positioning the plant as a promising, low-toxicity alternative to synthetic drugs, many of which are limited by adverse effects or the development of resistance. This review consolidates and critically evaluates the existing body of research on the pharmacological properties associated with the various plant parts of Madhuca sp. A structured literature search was conducted across ScienceDirect, PubMed, and the Elicit research tool, initially identifying over a thousand potentially relevant publications. Screening followed the PRISMA framework, with the majority of records excluded on the basis of poor topical relevance or unavailability of full text, ultimately narrowing the pool to twenty-three studies that met the inclusion criteria for detailed analysis. The synthesis reveals part-specific pharmacological trends: bark extracts show the strongest anticancer and antioxidant activity linked to high flavonoid and tannin content; leaves display the broadest range of biological effects, including neuroprotection and antidepressant-like activity; seeds and seed oil are primarily protective against liver and kidney damage, though they also carry the greatest toxicity risk among the plant parts; and flowers exhibit moderate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity. Notably, all available evidence originates from preclinical, animal, or in vitro models, with no clinical trials conducted in humans to date, underscoring a critical gap that future research should address before therapeutic translation can be considered.

Keywords: Antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, plant extraction, anticancer activity, neuroprotection

How to cite this article:
Vineet Singh. Systematic Analysis of the Pharmacological Properties of Different Plant Parts of Madhuca sp.. Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany. 2026; 15(02):-.
How to cite this URL:
Vineet Singh. Systematic Analysis of the Pharmacological Properties of Different Plant Parts of Madhuca sp.. Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany. 2026; 15(02):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjob/article=2026/view=249727


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Ahead of Print Subscription Original Research
Volume 15
02
Received 22/06/2026
Accepted 10/07/2026
Published 11/07/2026
Publication Time 19 Days
50

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