Critical Review on Multifunctional Polymer Composites for Weight Reduction and AI Based Battery Thermal Management in Electric Vehicles

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Year : 2026 | Volume : 14 | 03 | Page :
    By

    Anand Geet,

  • Shashi Sharma,

  • Apoorva Sharma,

  • Neha Kaushik,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Poornima College of Engineering, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
  2. Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, JECRC University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
  3. Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Poornima University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
  4. Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Government Engineering College (GEC), Arwal, Bihar, India

Abstract

The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) has intensified the need for advanced materials and intelligent control systems capable of improving energy efficiency, driving range, thermal safety, and overall vehicle sustainability. This paper presents a critical review of multifunctional polymer composites and artificial intelligence-based battery thermal management systems (AI-BTMS) for next-generation EV applications. Polymer composites reinforced with carbon fibers, graphene, boron nitride, nanoclays, and carbon nanotubes offer significant advantages over conventional metallic materials due to their low density, high specific strength, corrosion resistance, design flexibility, and potential for multifunctional integration. Their use in chassis structures, battery enclosures, and protective casings contributes to substantial vehicle lightweighting while also enabling additional functions such as thermal conduction, electromagnetic interference shielding, and structural sensing. In parallel, AI-based thermal management strategies employing artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, reinforcement learning, support vector regression, and hybrid deep learning models have emerged as powerful tools for real-time temperature prediction, anomaly detection, adaptive cooling control, and energy optimization in lithium-ion battery systems. This review critically compares material classes, processing approaches, thermal conductivity enhancement routes, hybrid cooling mechanisms, and data-driven control strategies relevant to EV design. The analysis shows that the integration of multifunctional composites with intelligent thermal control can reduce structural mass, improve battery safety, lower parasitic energy losses, and extend operational range. The paper further discusses sustainability considerations, manufacturing scalability, cost–performance trade-offs, and industrial adoption challenges. It concludes that the convergence of material innovation and AI-enabled control provides a promising pathway toward lightweight, thermally stable, energy-efficient, and environmentally responsible electric mobility systems.

Keywords: Polymer Composites, Electric Vehicles, Weight Reduction, Battery Thermal Management, Artificial Intelligence, Nanomaterials, Sustainability.

How to cite this article:
Anand Geet, Shashi Sharma, Apoorva Sharma, Neha Kaushik. Critical Review on Multifunctional Polymer Composites for Weight Reduction and AI Based Battery Thermal Management in Electric Vehicles. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(03):-.
How to cite this URL:
Anand Geet, Shashi Sharma, Apoorva Sharma, Neha Kaushik. Critical Review on Multifunctional Polymer Composites for Weight Reduction and AI Based Battery Thermal Management in Electric Vehicles. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(03):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2026/view=244461


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Ahead of Print Subscription Review Article
Volume 14
03
Received 20/03/2026
Accepted 22/04/2026
Published 19/05/2026
Publication Time 60 Days
2

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