Thermodynamic Irreversibility in Semen Transport

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Year : 2026 | Volume : 13 | 01 | Page :
    By

    Somnath Agasti,

  • Souvik Chatterjee,

  • Rubina Yasmin,

  • Subhajit Banerjee,

  • S.KTanbir Islam,

  1. Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Greater Kolkata College of Engineering and Management, South 24 Pgns, kolkata, West Bengal, India
  2. Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Greater Kolkata College of Engineering and Management, South 24 Pgns, kolkata, West Bengal, India
  3. Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Greater Kolkata College of Engineering and Management, South 24 Pgns, kolkata, West Bengal, India
  4. Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Greater Kolkata College of Engineering and Management, South 24 Pgns, kolkata, West Bengal, India
  5. Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Abstract

Sperm ejaculation is a vital reproductive process that involves both complex biological functions and energetic mechanisms. Beyond the physiological aspects, thermodynamics offers a framework to analyze energy conversion, exergy use, and irreversibility during sperm activity. ATP provides the main source of exergy for motility, but part of this energy is inevitably lost as heat and entropy generation, reflecting inefficiencies in the process. Because heat regulation directly affects metabolic rates, motility patterns, and membrane stability, temperature has a significant impact on sperm function and viability. Male fertility might be adversely affected by heat stress exposure because it can increase irreversibility, upset energy balance, and lower fertilization potential. This review emphasizes how reproductive biology and thermodynamic concepts like energy balance, exergy efficiency, entropy formation, and thermal regulation interact. By combining these ideas, the study offers a better knowledge of male fertility and sperm function while also pointing to possible uses in assisted reproductive technologies, fertility preservation, and reproductive medicine.Temperature has a strong impact on sperm performance, with heat stress increasing irreversibility and lowering fertility. This review emphasizes how energy balance, exergy, entropy, and thermal regulation intersect with reproduction, offering a deeper understanding of male fertility along with potential applications in reproductive medicine and biotechnology.

Keywords: Semen Transport; Sperm motility; Thermodynamics; Exergy; Irreversibility

How to cite this article:
Somnath Agasti, Souvik Chatterjee, Rubina Yasmin, Subhajit Banerjee, S.KTanbir Islam. Thermodynamic Irreversibility in Semen Transport. Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications. 2026; 13(01):-.
How to cite this URL:
Somnath Agasti, Souvik Chatterjee, Rubina Yasmin, Subhajit Banerjee, S.KTanbir Islam. Thermodynamic Irreversibility in Semen Transport. Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications. 2026; 13(01):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jotea/article=2026/view=238829


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Ahead of Print Subscription Review Article
Volume 13
01
Received 12/12/2025
Accepted 02/02/2026
Published 19/03/2026
Publication Time 97 Days
36

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