Neuroinflammation Is Aggravated by the Aqueous Extract of Myrmecodia Platytyrea Tuber

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Year : 2026 | Volume : 3 | 01 | Page :
    By

    Ashish Kushwaha,

  • Ritik Srivastava,

  • Arun K. Maurya,

  • Lalit Bisht,

  • Arvind Negi,

  • Kirti Kumari,

  • Mohit Pal,

  • Shipra Omar,

  • Abhishek Chauhan,

  1. Assistant Professors, Department of Pharmacy, The JB Institute of Technology College of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  2. Assistant Professors, Department of Pharmacy, The JB Institute of Technology College of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  3. Professors, Department of Pharmacy, The JB Institute of Technology College of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  4. Professors, Department of Pharmacy, The JB Institute of Technology College of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  5. Professors, Department of Pharmacy, The JB Institute of Technology College of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  6. Assistant Professors, Department of Pharmacy, The JB Institute of Technology College of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  7. Assistant Professors, Department of Pharmacy, The JB Institute of Technology College of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  8. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  9. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Keshri chand Subharti Institute of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

Abstract

Myrmecodia platytyrea, commonly known as the ant plant, is a medicinal epiphyte traditionally used in Southeast Asia for its purported health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. Its tuber contains abundant secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, and saponins. While these phytochemicals are generally associated with therapeutic effects, the biological activity of Myrmecodia extracts varies depending on the type of extract, dosage, and route of administration. In contrast to the commonly assumed anti-inflammatory properties of many plant-derived compounds, recent studies indicate that some aqueous extracts can produce unexpected or harmful effects under certain disease conditions. The influence of Myrmecodia platytyrea tuber extract on neuroinflammation remains largely unexplored. Methods: Astrocyte cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay. The impact of MPAE at concentrations between 0.025 and 0.5 mg/mL was evaluated on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in astrocyte cultures stimulated with Fe₂SO₄, H₂O₂, and LPS. Results: MPAE exhibited no cytotoxic effects on astrocytes under baseline conditions. However, it failed to confer protection against oxidative or inflammatory stress induced by Fe₂SO₄, H₂O₂, or LPS. In contrast, MPAE treatment led to increased astrocyte death and elevated ROS and cytokine levels in a dose-dependent fashion. Conclusion: While MPAE does not exhibit inherent cytotoxicity, its ability to amplify neuroinflammation in vitro raises important safety concerns—particularly for elderly individuals using this plant to alleviate inflammatory symptoms. These findings underline the necessity for further in-depth research to assess its safety and therapeutic potential before considering it for neurodegenerative disease treatment.

Keywords: Astrocytes, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, pro-oxidant, Myrmecodia platytyrea

How to cite this article:
Ashish Kushwaha, Ritik Srivastava, Arun K. Maurya, Lalit Bisht, Arvind Negi, Kirti Kumari, Mohit Pal, Shipra Omar, Abhishek Chauhan. Neuroinflammation Is Aggravated by the Aqueous Extract of Myrmecodia Platytyrea Tuber. International Journal of Brain Sciences. 2026; 03(01):-.
How to cite this URL:
Ashish Kushwaha, Ritik Srivastava, Arun K. Maurya, Lalit Bisht, Arvind Negi, Kirti Kumari, Mohit Pal, Shipra Omar, Abhishek Chauhan. Neuroinflammation Is Aggravated by the Aqueous Extract of Myrmecodia Platytyrea Tuber. International Journal of Brain Sciences. 2026; 03(01):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijbs/article=2026/view=237743


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  96. Hinojosa AE, Caso JR, García-Bueno B, Leza JC, Madrigal JL. Dual effects of noradrenaline on astroglial production of chemokines and pro-inflammatory mediators. J Neuroinflammation. 2013;10:81–92.
  97. Zhou XY, Liu J, Xu ZP, Fu Q, Wang PQ, Zhang H. Dexmedetomidine inhibits the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in microglia through the pathway involving TLR4 and NF-κB. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2019;35(12):750–6.
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  99. Jazvinšćak Jembrek M, Oršolić N, Mandić L, Sadžak A, Šegota S. Anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects of flavonols: targeting Nrf2, NF-κB and p53 pathways in neurodegeneration. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021;10(10):1628–39.
  100. Hussain T, Tan B, Yin Y, Blachier F, Tossou MC, Rahu N. Oxidative stress and inflammation: what polyphenols can do for us? Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016;2016:7432797.
  101. Panche AN, Diwan AD, Chandra SR. Flavonoids: an overview. J Nutr Sci. 2016;5:e47.
  102. Othman RA, Moghadasian MH. Beyond cholesterol-lowering effects of plant sterols: clinical and experimental evidence of anti-inflammatory properties. Nutr Rev. 2011;69(7):371–82.
  103. Simunkova M, Alwasel SH, Alhazza IM, Jomova K, Kollar V, Rusko M, et al. Management of oxidative stress and other pathologies in Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Toxicol. 2019;93(9):2491–513.
  104. Engida AM, Faika S, Nguyen-Thi BT, Ju YH. Analysis of major antioxidants from extracts of Myrmecodia pendans by UV/visible spectrophotometer, liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography/UV techniques. J Food Drug Anal. 2015;23(2):303–9.
  105. Bouayed J, Bohn T. Exogenous antioxidants—Double-edged swords in cellular redox state: health beneficial effects at physiologic doses versus deleterious effects at high doses. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2010;3(4):228–37.
  106. Pizzino G, Irrera N, Cucinotta M, Pallio G, Mannino F, Arcoraci V, et al. Oxidative stress: harms and benefits for human health. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:8416763.
  107. Biswas SK. Does the interdependence between oxidative stress and inflammation explain the antioxidant paradox? Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016;2016:5698931.
  108. Eghbaliferiz S, Iranshahi M. Prooxidant activity of polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and carotenoids: updated review of mechanisms and catalyzing metals. Phytother Res. 2016;30(9):1379–91.
Ahead of Print Subscription Original Research
Volume 03
01
Received 13/09/2025
Accepted 24/09/2025
Published 31/01/2026
Publication Time 140 Days
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