A Comprehensive Review of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)

Year : 2025 | Volume : 15 | Issue : 03 | Page : 1 5
    By

    Tejal Kaushik,

  • Ria Bangia,

  • Sandeep Sirohi,

  • Surya Prakash D. V,

  1. Student, Department of Biotechnology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
  2. Student, Department of Biotechnology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
  3. Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Hariom Saraswati P. G. College, Haridwar, Uttrakhand, India
  4. Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

The rare but potentially life-threatening immune-mediated condition dubbed Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) impacts the peripheral nerves and nerve roots and is generally brought on by infections. As was the scenario during the Zika virus outbreaks in Latin America (2015) and French Polynesia (2013), the incidence of GBS may consequently escalate during influenza outbreaks. Considering GBS’s clinical features and ailments course are multiple and there are currently no global clinical guidelines, the identification and management of the disorder can be problematic. For the evaluation and therapy of GBS, we have developed a generic guideline to assist medical professionals particularly during an outbreak. The ten-step arrangement of the guideline makes it easier for practitioners in clinical practice and has its foundation on expert consensus and the most recent literature. We commence with an overview of the differential diagnoses, clinical versions, and diagnostic criteria for GBS. Identifying the clinical course and outcome, overseeing complications and adverse effects, tracking and addressing the disease progression, early identification and evaluation of GBS, admission to the critical care unit, as well as the indication and selection of treatment are all wrapped in the 10 segments.

Keywords: Guillain-Barré syndrome, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, GBS incidence, neuropathy

[This article belongs to Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences ]

How to cite this article:
Tejal Kaushik, Ria Bangia, Sandeep Sirohi, Surya Prakash D. V. A Comprehensive Review of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences. 2025; 15(03):1-5.
How to cite this URL:
Tejal Kaushik, Ria Bangia, Sandeep Sirohi, Surya Prakash D. V. A Comprehensive Review of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences. 2025; 15(03):1-5. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjols/article=2025/view=228004


References

  1. Sejvar JJ, Baughman AL, Wise M, Morgan OW. Population incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroepidemiology. 2011;36(2):123–33.
  2. Guillain G. Sur un syndrome de radiculo-nevrite avec hyperalbuminose du liquide cephalo-rachidien sans reaction cellulaire. Remarques sur les caracters cliniques et graphiques des reflexes tendineux. Bull Mem Soc Med Hop Paris. 1916;40:1462–70.
  3. Webb AJ, Brain SA, Wood R, Rinaldi S, Turner MR. Seasonal variation in Guillain-Barré syndrome: A systematic review, meta-analysis and Oxfordshire cohort study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015;86(11):1196–201.
  4. Langmuir AD, Bregman DJ, Kurland LT, Nathanson N, Victor M. An epidemiologic and clinical evaluation of Guillain-Barré syndrome reported in association with the administration of swine influenza vaccines. Am J Epidemiol. 1984;119(6):841–79.
  5. Salmon DA, Proschan M, Forshee R, et al. Association between Guillain-Barré syndrome and influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent inactivated vaccines in the USA: A meta-analysis. Lancet. 2013;381(9876):1461–8.
  6. Hocker S, Nagarajan E, Rubin M, Wijdicks EFM. Clinical factors associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome following surgery. Neurol Clin Pract. 2018;8(3):201–6.
  7. Kusunoki S, Shiina M, Kanazawa I. Anti-Gal-C antibodies in GBS subsequent to mycoplasma infection: Evidence of molecular mimicry. Neurology. 2001;57(4):736–8.
  8. Geleijns K, Roos A, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, et al. Mannose-binding lectin contributes to the severity of Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Immunol. 2006;177(6):4211–7.
  9. Wakerley BR, Yuki N. Mimics and chameleons in Guillain-Barré and Miller Fisher syndromes. Pract Neurol. 2015;15(2):90–9.
  10. Kmezic I, Samuelsson K, Finn A, et al. Neurofilament light chain and total tau in the differential diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of acute and chronic inflammatory polyneuropathies. Eur J Neurol. 2022;29(9):2810–22.
  11. Lunn MP. Preventing expensive harms in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20(4):249–51.
  12. Doets AY, Walgaard C, Lingsma HF, et al. International validation of the Erasmus Guillain-Barré Syndrome respiratory insufficiency score. Ann Neurol. 2022;91(4):521–31.
  13. Misawa S, Kuwabara S, Sato Y, et al. Safety and efficacy of eculizumab in Guillain-Barré syndrome: A multicentre, double-blind, randomised phase 2 trial. Lancet Neurol. 2018;17(6):519–29.
  14. Kim JK, Bae JS, Kim DS, et al. Prevalence of anti-ganglioside antibodies and their clinical correlates with Guillain-Barré syndrome in Korea: A nationwide multicenter study. J Clin Neurol. 2014;10(2):94–100.
  15. Koga M, Yuki N, Ariga T, Morimatsu M, Hirata K. Is IgG anti-GT1a antibody associated with pharyngeal-cervical-brachial weakness or oropharyngeal palsy in Guillain-Barré syndrome? J Neuroimmunol. 1998;86(1):74–9.
  16. Yamagishi Y, Kuwahara M, Suzuki H, et al. Serum IgG anti-GD1a antibody and mEGOS predict outcome in Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2020;91(12):1339–42.
  17. Luijten LWG, Doets AY, Arends S, et al. Modified Erasmus GBS respiratory insufficiency score: A simplified clinical tool to predict the risk of mechanical ventilation in Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2023;94(4):300–8.
  18. van den Berg B, Bunschoten C, van Doorn PA, Jacobs BC. Mortality in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurology. 2013;80(18):1650–4.
Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 15
Issue 03
Received 29/04/2025
Accepted 27/07/2025
Published 29/07/2025
Publication Time 91 Days
184

Login


My IP

PlumX Metrics