Prashant Mahajan,
Somoshri Banerji,
Arti Kushwah,
Kajal Keshri,
- Assistant Professor, Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
- Professor, Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
- Research Scholar, Department of medicine, Nims university Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
- Research Scholar, Department of medicine, Galgotias University, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a complex psychiatric condition that is frequently misunderstood and misrepresented by the public, media, and even within some healthcare settings. One of the most pervasive and enduring myths surrounding obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is its frequent and narrow overidentification with behaviors related solely to cleanliness, orderliness, or excessive tidiness. This misconception often overshadows the broader and more complex spectrum of symptoms experienced by individuals living with the disorder, including intrusive thoughts, compulsive checking, fears of harm, and various mental rituals. As a result, many people who suffer from less visible or non-stereotypical forms of OCD may go unrecognized or misunderstood, both by the general public and even by some healthcare professionals. This article aims to explore the most common misinterpretations and oversimplifications of OCD, delve into their historical and cultural origins, and examine the harmful consequences these misconceptions can have for those trying to seek appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Special emphasis is placed on the clinical diversity of OCD presentations, the persistent impact of stigma and misinformation, and the crucial importance of promoting accurate public awareness and education.
Keywords: OCD, Misinterpretation, Cleanliness Myth, Stigma, Public Perception, Mental Health Education
[This article belongs to Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine ]
Prashant Mahajan, Somoshri Banerji, Arti Kushwah, Kajal Keshri. Not Just Cleanliness: Exploring Common Misinterpretations of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine. 2025; 15(02):36-40.
Prashant Mahajan, Somoshri Banerji, Arti Kushwah, Kajal Keshri. Not Just Cleanliness: Exploring Common Misinterpretations of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine. 2025; 15(02):36-40. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjom/article=2025/view=213147
References
- American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington (VA): American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.
- Abramowitz JS, Taylor S, McKay D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Lancet. 2009 Aug 8;374(9688):491–9. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60240-3. PMID: 19665647.
- Williams MT, Farris SG, Turkheimer E, Pinto A, Ozanick K, Franklin ME, et al. Myth of the pure obsessional type in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Depress Anxiety. 2011 Jun;28(6):495–500. doi:10.1002/da.20820. PMID: 21509914; PMCID: PMC3227121.
- Ruscio AM, Stein DJ, Chiu WT, Kessler RC. The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Mol Psychiatry. 2010 Jan;15(1):53–63. doi:10.1038/mp.2008.94. PMID: 18725912; PMCID: PMC2797569.
- Nestadt G, Grados M, Samuels JF. Genetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2010 Mar;33(1):141–58. doi:10.1016/j.psc.2009.11.001. PMID: 20159344; PMCID: PMC2824902.
- Pauls DL, Abramovitch A, Rauch SL, Geller DA. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: an integrative genetic and neurobiological perspective. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2014 Jun;15(6):410–24. doi:10.1038/nrn3746. PMID: 24840803.
- Fennell D, Liberato ASQ. Learning to live with OCD: Labeling, the self, the stigma. Deviant Behav. 2007;28(4):305–31. doi:10.1080/01639620701233274.
- Pavelko RL, Myrick JG. That’s so OCD: The effects of disease trivialization via social media on user perceptions and impression formation. Comput Human Behav. 2015;49:251–8. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.02.061.
- Sharma P. Culturally sensitive psychotherapy in India: Integrating traditional and Western approaches. Pract Innov. 2024. Advance online publication. doi:10.1037/pri0000257.
- Glazier K, Swing M, McGinn LK. Half of obsessive-compulsive disorder cases misdiagnosed: vignette-based survey of primary care physicians. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015 Jun;76(6):e761–7. doi:10.4088/JCP.14m09110. PMID: 26132683.
- Mercer SW, Maxwell M, Heaney D, Watt GC. The consultation and relational empathy (CARE) measure: development and preliminary validation and reliability of an empathy-based consultation process measure. Fam Pract. 2004 Dec;21(6):699–705. doi:10.1093/fampra/cmh621. PMID: 15528286.
- Torres AR, Prince MJ, Bebbington PE, Bhugra D, Brugha TS, Farrell M, et al. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: prevalence, comorbidity, impact, and help-seeking in the British National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey of 2000. Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Nov;163(11):1978–85. doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.11.1978. PMID: 17074950.
- Veale D, Roberts A. Obsessive-compulsive disorder. BMJ. 2014 Apr 7;348:g2183. doi:10.1136/bmj.g2183. PMID: 24709802.
- López-Solà M, Pujol J, Wager TD, Garcia-Fontanals A, Blanco-Hinojo L, Garcia-Blanco S, et al. Altered functional magnetic resonance imaging responses to nonpainful sensory stimulation in fibromyalgia patients. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 Nov;66(11):3200–9. doi:10.1002/art.38781. PMID: 25220783; PMCID: PMC4410766.
- Sieff EM. Media frames of mental illnesses: The potential impact of negative frames. J Ment Health. 2003;12(3):259–69. doi:10.1080/0963823031000118249.
- Stobie B, Taylor T, Quigley A, Ewing S, Salkovskis PM. “Contents may vary”: A pilot study of treatment histories of OCD patients. Behav Cogn Psychother. 2007 Jul;35(3):273–82. doi:10.1017/S135246580700358X.

Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue | 02 |
| Received | 27/05/2025 |
| Accepted | 08/06/2025 |
| Published | 12/06/2025 |
| Publication Time | 16 Days |
Login
PlumX Metrics
