Fabrication of Belt for Backpack for Students to Reduce the Musculoskeletal Disorders using ABS material 3D Printing

Open Access

Notice

This is an unedited manuscript accepted for publication and provided as an Article in Press for early access at the author’s request. The article will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and galley proof review before final publication. Please be aware that errors may be identified during production that could affect the content. All legal disclaimers of the journal apply.

Year : 2024 | Volume : | : | Page : –
By
vector

Sanjay Kumawat,

vector

Dr. Yashpal,

vector

Dr. Narayan lal Jain,

  1. Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Poornima University, Jaipur, India
  2. Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Poornima University, Jaipur, India
  3. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Poornima University, Jaipur, India

Abstract document.addEventListener(‘DOMContentLoaded’,function(){frmFrontForm.scrollToID(‘frm_container_abs_123270’);});Edit Abstract & Keyword

In the present study, the design and development of a composite-based belt aim to reduce the excessive burden on the backs of schoolchildren, which often leads to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). The belt is designed using CATIA 3D modeling software and fabricated on an FDM- based 3D printer with ABS polymer. The design process focuses on addressing physical stress caused by heavy backpacks and prolonged use of electronic devices, both of which contribute to MSD. The analysis conducted through simulation on ANSYS software reveals significant reductions in stress on the shoulders and knees, allowing for more comfortable movement for students. The belt helps redistribute the weight from the shoulders to the lower back, thereby reducing strain on the upper body. The fabricated belt exhibits properties that are compatible with standard school bag materials, making it a feasible and practical solution for schoolchildren. Moreover, the product design was optimized through ergonomic analysis, ensuring that it fits comfortably and functions effectively in reducing physical strain. The belt’s ABS-polymer material ensures durability, strength, and ease of manufacturing, all of which are essential for regular use in school settings. The analysis also showed a reduction in shoulder stress by approximately 1.50 MPa and in knee stress by 1 MPa under a typical load of 5 kg, demonstrating the belt’s effectiveness in alleviating stress. This research presents a promising ergonomic intervention for reducing musculoskeletal issues in students caused by carrying heavy backpacks.

Keywords: Heavy Back Packs, ABS, 3D Printing, Structural Modelling, ANSYS.

How to cite this article:
Sanjay Kumawat, Dr. Yashpal, Dr. Narayan lal Jain. Fabrication of Belt for Backpack for Students to Reduce the Musculoskeletal Disorders using ABS material 3D Printing. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2024; ():-.
How to cite this URL:
Sanjay Kumawat, Dr. Yashpal, Dr. Narayan lal Jain. Fabrication of Belt for Backpack for Students to Reduce the Musculoskeletal Disorders using ABS material 3D Printing. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2024; ():-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2024/view=0


Full Text PDF

References
document.addEventListener(‘DOMContentLoaded’,function(){frmFrontForm.scrollToID(‘frm_container_ref_123270’);});Edit

1) Genitrini, Matteo, Francesca Dotti, Eleonora Bianca, and Ada Ferri. 2022. “Impact of Backpacks on Ergonomics: Biomechanical and Physiological Effects: A Narrative Review ; International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11: 6737. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116737 2) Chen, Y.-L.; Mu, Y.-C. Effects of Backpack Load and Position on Body Strains in Male Schoolchildren While Walking. PLoS ONE 2018, 13, e0193648. 3) Song, Q.; Yu, B.; Zhang, C.; Sun, W.; Mao, D. Effects of Backpack Weight on Posture, Gait Patterns and Ground Reaction Forces of Male Children with Obesity during Stair Descent. Res. Sports Med.2014, 22, 172–184 4) Ramprasad, M.; Alias, J.; Raghuveer, A.K. Effect of Backpack Weight on Postural Angles in Preadolescent Children. Indian Pediatr. 2010, 47, 575–580. 5) Brackley, H.M.; Stevenson, J.M.; Selinger, J.C. Effect of Backpack Load Placement on Posture and Spinal Curvature in Prepubescent Children. Work 2009, 32, 351–360 6) Kim, M.H.; Yi, C.H.; Kwon, O.Y.; Cho, S.H.; Yoo, W.G. Changes in Neck Muscle Electromyography and Forward Head Posture of Children When Carrying Schoolbags. Ergonomics 2008, 51, 890–901. [CrossRef] 7) Drzał-Grabiec, J.; Snela, S.; Rachwał, M.; Podgórska, J.; Rykała, J. Effects of Carrying a Backpack in an Asymmetrical Manner on the Asymmetries of the Trunk and Parameters Defining Lateral Flexion of the Spine. Hum. Factors 2015, 57, 218–226. [CrossRef] 8) Negrini, S.; Negrini, A. Postural Effects of Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Loads on the Spines of Schoolchildren. Scoliosis 2007, 2, 8. [CrossRef] 9) Abaraogu, U.O.; Ezenwankwo, E.F.; Nwadilibe, I.B.; Nwafor, G.C.; Ugwuele, B.O.; Uzoh, P.C.; Ani, I.; Amarachineke, K.; Atuma, C.; Ewelunta, O. Immediate Responses to Backpack Carriage on Postural Angles in Young Adults: A Crossover Randomized Self-Controlled Study with Repeated Measures. Randomised Control. Trial 2017, 57, 87–93. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 10) Caron, R.R.; Wagenaar, R.C.; Lewis, C.L.; Saltzman, E.; Holt, K.G. Center of Mass Trajectory and Orientation to Ankle and Knee in Sagittal Plane Is Maintained with Forward Lean When Backpack Load Changes during Treadmill Walking. J. Biomech. 2013, 46, 70–76. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 11) Dahl, K.D.; Wang, H.; Popp, J.K.; Dickin, D.C. Load Distribution and Postural Changes in Young Adults When Wearing a Traditional Backpack versus the BackTpack. Gait Posture 2016, 45, 90–96. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 12) Devroey, C.; Jonkers, I.; de Becker, A.; Lenaerts, G.; Spaepen, A. Evaluation of the Effect of Backpack Load and Position during Standing and Walking Using Biomechanical, Physiological and Subjective Measures. Ergonomics 2007, 50, 728–742. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 13) Rosa, R.G.d.; Gomeñuka, N.A.; Oliveira, H.B.d.; Peyré-Tartaruga, L.A. Inclined Weight-LoadedWalking at Different Speeds: Pelvis-Shoulder Coordination, Trunk Movements and Cost of Transport. J. Mot. Behav. 2018, 50, 73–79. [CrossRef] 14) Fiolkowski, P.; Horodyski, M.; Bishop, M.; Williams, M.; Stylianou, L. Changes in Gait Kinematics and Posture with the Use of a Front Pack. Ergonomics 2006, 49, 885–894. [CrossRef] 15) Abdelraouf, O.R.; Hamada, H.A.; Selim, A.; Shendy, W.; Zakaria, H. Effect of Backpack Shoulder Straps Length on Cervical Posture and Upper Trapezius Pressure Pain Threshold. J. Phys. Ther. Sci. 2016, 28, 2437–2440. 16) Alawneh, O., Zhong, X., Faieghi, R., & Xi, F. (2022). Finite Element Methods for Modeling the Pressure Distribution in Human Body–Seat Interactions: A Systematic Review. In Applied Sciences (Switzerland) (Vol. 12, Issue 12). MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12126160.

Ahead of Print Open Access Original Research
Volume
Received 05/09/2024
Accepted 29/10/2024
Published 05/12/2024
191