Evaluation Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF- α) Levels in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Year : 2024 | Volume :14 | Issue : 02 | Page : 32-38
By

Ali S. Shakir,

  1. Lecturer Department of Clinical Immunology, College of Dentistry, University of Al-Qadisiyah Diwaniyah Iraq

Abstract

Background: RA is an inflammatory, long-term autoimmune illness, that is impacted by external variables, according to a report from the World Health Organization. Women are 2-3 times more likely than men to develop RA, though this difference diminishes with older age at onset. Aim: The purpose of this study is to assess the significance of TNF-α concentrations in the predisposition to rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The research project enrolled 100 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), admitted to the hospital from March to August 2023. These patients were compared with a control group consisting of 100 apparently healthy individuals. Each participant in both groups donated 3 milliliters of blood for analysis using the TNF-α ELISA (Mabtech USA) Kit. The study aimed to assess and compare TNF-α levels between RA patients and healthy controls, contributing to the understanding of TNF-α’s role in RA pathogenesis and potential diagnostic implications. Results: The levels of TNF-α in the serum of patients with RA were significantly higher than those observed in the healthy control group. Conclusion: Significant association between TNF-α and RA.

Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, TNF-α, ELISA, Disease predisposition, Autoimmunity, Pathogenesis, Immunology

[This article belongs to Research & Reviews : A Journal of Immunology(rrjoi)]

How to cite this article: Ali S. Shakir. Evaluation Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF- α) Levels in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Research & Reviews : A Journal of Immunology. 2024; 14(02):32-38.
How to cite this URL: Ali S. Shakir. Evaluation Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF- α) Levels in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Research & Reviews : A Journal of Immunology. 2024; 14(02):32-38. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjoi/article=2024/view=160764

References

  1. Lin YJ, Anzaghe M, Schülke S. Update on the pathomechanism, diagnosis, and treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis. Cells. 2020 Apr 3;9(4):880.
  2. Nilsson J, Andersson ML, Hafström I, Svensson B, Forslind K, Ajeganova S, Leu Agelii M, Gjertsson I. Influence of age and sex on disease course and treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. Open access rheumatology: research and reviews. 2021 May 24:123-38.
  3. Oderda G.M., Lawless G.D., Wright G.C., Nussbaum S.R., Elder R., Kim K., et al., (2018). The potential impact of monitoring disease activity biomarkers on rheumatoid arthritis outcomes and costs. Per Med. 15(4):291–301.
  4. Wu C-Y., Yang H-Y., Luo S-F., Lai J-H., (2021). From Rheumatoid Factor to Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies and Anti-Carbamylated Protein Antibodies for Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci. 22(2):686.
  5. Rocha SD, Baldo DC, Andrade LE. Clinical and pathophysiologic relevance of autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. Advances in Rheumatology. 2019 Jul 29;59:2.
  6. Shehu S., Kurya A.U., Aliyu U., Sharma D.C., (2020). Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Novel Therapeutic Targets. Asian J Immunol. 37–46.
  7. Brzustewicz E. and Bryl E., (2015). The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis – Practical and potential application of cytokines as biomarkers and targets of personalized therapy. Cytokine [Internet]. 76(2):527–36.
  8. Al-Obeidy ES, Abdullah SF. The Role of IL-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal. 2011;10(2).
  9. Mateen S, Moin S, Shahzad S, Khan AQ. Level of inflammatory cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis patients: Correlation with 25-hydroxy vitamin D and reactive oxygen species. PloS one. 2017 Jun 8;12(6):e0178879.
  10. Shehu S., Kurya A.U., Aliyu U., Sharma D.C., (2020). Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Novel Therapeutic Targets. Asian J Immunol. 2020;37–46
  11. Shakir. 2024. Association between IL-2 Levels and IL-2- rs2069762 Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Hashimoto’s Disease., Journal of Biomedicine and Biosensors., 4(1): 1 – 13. https://doi.org/10.5861 3/jbb411
  12. Anderson R.J., (2001). “Clinical and laboratory features in Rheumatoid arthritis”. Primer on Rheumatic Diseases. 12th ed. Atlanta Georgia-Arthritis Foundation. 218 –225.
  13. Choy E.M. and Panayi R.N., (2002). “The potential role of B lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis”. Br. Rheumatol. 47 (suppl–1): 47– 52.
  14. Houssiau FA. Cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical rheumatology. 1995 Sep; 14:10-3.
  15. Özsoy Z., Gin E.B., Aksun M.S., Eroglu I., and Kalyoncu U. Extremely high erythrocyte sedimentation rate revisited in rheumatic diseases: a single-center experience. Turk J Med Sci. 2022; 52(6): 1889–1899.
  16. Mohammed Husien NS, Hasan Shallal MA, Nagham MA. Review on Evaluation of Portable Nano-Chemical Drugs in The Chemical Treatment of Cancerous Tumors. J. Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews. 2024;9(1).
  17. Siemons L., Klooster P.M., Vonkeman H.E., Riel P.L., Glas C.A. & Laar M.A. (2014). How age and sex affect the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein in early rheumatoid arthritis. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 15: 368.
  18. Pope J.E. and Choy E.H. (2021). C-reactive protein and implications in rheumatoid arthritis and associated comorbidities. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 51(1):219-229.
  19. Dhuha Raheem Azooz Abbood.,Zainab Abd Ameer Mohammed. “Silver Biosynthesis, characterization, Antioxidant and Antihemolysis activity of nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced using Cynophyta Alga Extract (Spirulina platensis).” Journal Alharf ,19 (2023): 103-114
  20. Ingegnoli F., Castelli R. and Roberta G. (2013). Rheumatoid Factors: Clinical Applications. Disease Markers. 35: 726598.
  21. Alia K Al−Kufee , S Mahmood (2024). Evaluating the Levels of Some Hormonal Restrictions in Women with Breast Tumor., International Journal of Applied Engineering and Technology (London)., E-ISSN:2633-4828., Vol. 6 No. 1 (January, 2024)., p:184-190
  22. Kadhium AJ, ALabbasy AJ, Mohammed SJ, Aziz MA, Ali WH, Aljamali NM. Applications of Natural Biological and Chemical Dyes-Pigments.
  23. Wahab A.A., Mohammad M., Rahman M.M. and Said M.M. (2013). Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody is a good indicator for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Pak J Med Sci. 29(3): 773–777.
  24. Jang D., Lee,1 H., Shin H., Song H., Park J., Kang T., Lee S. and Yang S. (2021). The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) in Autoimmune Disease and Current TNF-α Inhibitors in Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci. 22(5): 2719.
Regular Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 14
Issue 02
Received May 22, 2024
Accepted July 4, 2024
Published August 2, 2024
Views: 55

Check Our other Platform for Workshops in the field of AI, Biotechnology & Nanotechnology.
Learn more
Check Out Platform for Webinars in the field of AI, Biotech. & Nanotech.
Learn more