Shrutika Gaikwad
Someshwar Mankar
- PG Student Department of pharmaceutics, Prava Rural Education Society College of Pharmacy Pravaranagar Maharashtra India
- PG Student Department of pharmaceutics, Prava Rural Education Society College of Pharmacy Pravaranagar Maharashtra India
Abstract
The escalating challenge of bacterial resistance necessitates innovative drug delivery systems to enhance the efficacy of antibiotics. This study focuses on the development and optimization of a biohydrogel formulation for the targeted delivery of Delafloxacin, aiming to improve its therapeutic outcomes against resistant bacterial strains. Utilizing a 3² factorial design, biohydrogel formulations incorporating Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and Genipin were synthesized. The optimization process was guided by Design Expert software, focusing on variables such as spreadability, viscosity, and in-vitro drug release. Evaluation techniques included physical characterization (color, homogeneity, grittiness), FTIR for drug-excipient compatibility, DSC for thermal properties, and spectrophotometry for drug quantification. Stability studies were conducted under accelerated conditions (40±2°C, 75±5% RH). The optimized biohydrogel (SF1) exhibited excellent physical properties with homogeneity and a white color, and no grittiness. FTIR and DSC analyses confirmed the stability of Delafloxacin within the formulation. Spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated a high correlation (r²=0.9979) between concentration and absorbance, ensuring precise drug quantification. The SF1 batch showed superior performance with a spreadability of 12.6±0.4 gm.cm/sec, viscosity of 14842±0.39 cps, and a stable pH of 5.87±0.06. In-vitro drug release reached 94.46±0.67% after 10 hours, while stability studies indicated negligible changes in formulation characteristics over three months. study successfully developed a biohydrogel formulation for targeted Delafloxacin delivery, showing promising characteristics for enhanced antibiotic delivery. The biohydrogel exhibited stability, effective drug release, and compatibility, indicating its potential for clinical applications in treating resistant bacterial infections.
Keywords: Biohydrogel, Delafloxacin, Drug Delivery, Factorial Design, Spectrophotometry, Stability.
[This article belongs to Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery(rrjoddd)]
References
1. Singh Malik D, Mital N, Kaur G. Topical drug delivery systems: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2016 Feb 1;26(2):213–28.
2. Manish G,Vimukta S. Targeted drug delivery system: a review. Res J Chem Sci. 2011 May;1(2):135-8.
3. Sinha A, Garg U, Nagaich U, Chaudhary A, Pandey M, Jain N. Emulgels: a promising topical drug delivery system for arthritis management and care. Pharm Dev Technol. 2024 Jan 2;29(1):25–39.
4. Chaurasiya A, Singh S, Panchal K, Paliwal R, Malaiya A. Chapter 12 – Fundamentals of a targeted drug delivery system. In: Gupta U, Goyal AK, editors. Molecular Pharmaceutics and Nano Drug Delivery [Internet]. Academic Press; 2024 [cited 2024 Mar 20]. p. 289–309. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323919241000071
5. Sengupta P, Das A, Datta D, Dewanjee S, Khanam J, Ghosal K. Novel super porous nanosponge-based drug delivery system synthesized from cyclodextrin/polymer for anti-fungal medication. React Funct Polym. 2024 Mar 1;196:105830.
6. Lee YR, Burton CE, Bevel KR. Delafloxacin for the Treatment of Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections. J Pharm Technol JPT Off Publ Assoc Pharm Tech. 2019 Jun;35(3):110–8.
7. Scott LJ. Delafloxacin: A Review in Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections. Drugs. 2020;80(12):1247–58.
8. Nidhi P, Dev K, Negi P, Sourirajan A. Development and evaluation of hydrogel formulation comprising essential oil of Mentha longifolia L. for oral candidiasis. Adv Tradit Med. 2023 Sep 1;23(3):777–87.
9. Sabale V, Vora S. Formulation and evaluation of microemulsion-based hydrogel for topical delivery. Int J Pharm Investig. 2012;2(3):140–9.
10. Haq MA, Su Y, Wang D. Mechanical properties of PNIPAM based hydrogels: A review. Mater Sci Eng C. 2017 Jan 1;70:842–55.
11. Tyliszczak B, Bańkosz M, Grzela K, Rzepka K, Iglar M, Piątkowski J, et al. Characteristics of Thermoresponsive Biohydrogels. Eng Proc. 2023;48(1):1.
12. Kopeček J. Hydrogel Biomaterials: A Smart Future? Biomaterials. 2007 Dec;28(34):5185–92.
13. Pirsa S, Khodaei SM, Karimi Sani I, Ghasemi Y, Jawhar ZH, Eghbaljoo H. Hydrogels and biohydrogels: investigation of origin of production, production methods, and application. Polym Bull. 2023 Oct 1;80(10):10593–632.
14. Ahmed EM. Hydrogel: Preparation, characterization, and applications: A review. J Adv Res. 2015 Mar;6(2):105–21.
15. Gulrez S, Al-Assaf S, Phillips G. Hydrogels: Methods of Preparation, Characterisation and Applications in Molecular and Environmental Bioengineering. 2011 Jan 1;
16. Tang L, Wang L, Yang X, Feng Y, Li Y, Feng W. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based smart hydrogels: Design, properties and applications. Prog Mater Sci. 2021 Jan 1;115:100702.
17. Dong TL, Yun XY, Li MT, Jin Y, Inoue Y. Preparation and Characterization of Bio-Hydrogels for Biomedical Engineering. Adv Mater Res. 2013;700:276–9.
18. Wu B, Mai Z, Ji Z, Du B, Huang SY. Self-compounded, tough biohydrogels for robust self-adhesive biointerfaces. Mater Today Phys. 2022 Dec 1;29:100905.
19. Malina D, Królicka E, Bialik-Wąs K, Pluta K. Preparation and characterization of bio-hybrid hydrogel materials. 2020 [cited 2023 Nov 3]; Available from: http://www.biomaterials.pl/Preparation-and-characterization-of-bio-hybrid-hydrogel-materials,130575,0,2.html
20. Sayed A, Hany F, Abdel-Raouf MES, Mahmoud GA. Gamma irradiation synthesis of pectin- based biohydrogels for removal of lead cations from simulated solutions. J Polym Res. 2022 Aug 9;29(9):372.
Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 02 |
| Received | June 6, 2024 |
| Accepted | June 20, 2024 |
| Published | July 16, 2024 |
function myFunction2() {
var x = document.getElementById(“browsefigure”);
if (x.style.display === “block”) {
x.style.display = “none”;
}
else { x.style.display = “Block”; }
}
document.querySelector(“.prevBtn”).addEventListener(“click”, () => {
changeSlides(-1);
});
document.querySelector(“.nextBtn”).addEventListener(“click”, () => {
changeSlides(1);
});
var slideIndex = 1;
showSlides(slideIndex);
function changeSlides(n) {
showSlides((slideIndex += n));
}
function currentSlide(n) {
showSlides((slideIndex = n));
}
function showSlides(n) {
var i;
var slides = document.getElementsByClassName(“Slide”);
var dots = document.getElementsByClassName(“Navdot”);
if (n > slides.length) { slideIndex = 1; }
if (n (item.style.display = “none”));
Array.from(dots).forEach(
item => (item.className = item.className.replace(” selected”, “”))
);
slides[slideIndex – 1].style.display = “block”;
dots[slideIndex – 1].className += ” selected”;
}