[{“box”:0,”content”:”[if 992 equals=”Open Access”]n
n
Open Access
nn
n
n[/if 992]n
n
n
n
n
n
Saad Issa Sarsam
n
- n t
n
n
n[/foreach]
n
n[if 2099 not_equal=”Yes”]n
- [foreach 286] [if 1175 not_equal=””]n t
- Professor Sarsam and Associates Consult Bureau (SACB), Baghdad-IRAQ., Formerly at Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq
n[/if 1175][/foreach]
n[/if 2099][if 2099 equals=”Yes”][/if 2099]n
Abstract
nThe signs of failure initiation in asphalt concrete through its service life may appear as cracking,
rutting, or other types of distress after practicing dynamic stresses from vehicular loading. This work
is concerned with detecting the failure initiation in asphalt concrete in the laboratory, and the role of
binder content and constant strain level through a comprehensive testing program. Asphalt concrete
mixtures were formulated with the optimal binder content, as well as with binder content adjusted by
±0.5%. These mixtures were then compacted into slab molds using a laboratory roller. From the slab
samples, beam specimens were extracted and subjected to fatigue life testing under dynamic flexural
stresses in a controlled 20°C environment. The testing program encompassed three constant strain
levels: 750, 400, and 250 microstrain. It was observed that the failure occurs in three stages after
practicing the dynamic loading. The binder content exhibits a significant influence on the starting point
of such stages. However, the impact of constant strain level is more pronounced as the binder content
increases. The binder content exhibits a significant influence on extending the fatigue life and
controlling the stages of failure.
n
Keywords: Failure, stages, flexure, asphalt concrete, fatigue, strain level, stiffness
n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications(ttea)]
n
n
n
n
n
nn[if 992 equals=”Open Access”] Full Text PDF Download[/if 992] n[if 992 not_equal=”Open Access”]
[/if 992]n[if 992 not_equal=”Open Access”] nnn[/if 992]nn[if 379 not_equal=””]n
Browse Figures
n
n[/if 379]n
References
n[if 1104 equals=””]n
1. Abojaradeh M, Witczak M, Mamlouk M, Kaloush K. Validation of initial and failure stiffness
definitions in flexure fatigue test for hot mix asphalt. J Testing Eval. 2007; 35 (1): 95–102.
2. Chen A, Airey G, Thom N, Litherland J, Nii-Adjei R. Modelling the stiffness development in
asphalt concrete to obtain fatigue failure criteria. Construct Build Mater. 2021; 306 (1): 124837.
doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124837.
3. Bessa I, Vasconcelos K, Branco V, Branco V, Nascimento L, Bernucci L. Prediction of fatigue
cracking in flexible and semi-rigid asphalt pavement sections. Int J Pavement Res Technol. 2023;
16: 563–575. doi: 10.1007/s42947-021-00148-5.
4. Abhijith BS, Narayan SPA. Evolution of the modulus of asphalt concrete in four-point beam fatigue
tests. ASCE J Mater Civil Eng. 2020; 32 (10): 04020310.. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-
5533.0003354.
5. Mazurek G, Iwański M. Modelling of asphalt concrete stiffness in the linear viscoelastic region.
IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2017; 245: 032029. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/245/3/032029.
6. Sarsam SI. Thermal behavior of asphalt concrete under various microstrain levels. Discovery. 2023;
59: e11d1004.
7. Pradhan N, Henning T, Wilson D. Development of pavement deterioration modeling in New
Zealand – a review of achievements. Report DT/2000/182001. HTC Infrastructure Management
Ltd; 2000.
8. ASTM International. Road and Paving Materials, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 04.03,
Standard Test Method for Pulse Velocity through Concrete. West Conshohocken, PA, USA: ASTM
International; 2015.
9. SCRB. Standards Specification for Roads & Bridges. Baghdad, Iraq: State Commission of Roads
and Bridges, Ministry of Housing & Construction; 2003.
10. Sarsam S, Alwan A. Assessing fatigue life of super pave asphalt concrete. Am J Civil Struct Eng.
2014; 1 (4): 88–95.
11. EN 12697–33. Bituminous Mixtures – Test Methods for Hot Mix Asphalt – Part 33: Specimen
Prepared by Roller Compactor, 2007. Brussels, Belgium: European Committee for Standardization;
2007.
12. Sarsam SI. Influence of constant strain levels on the viscoelastic properties of asphalt concrete.
HBRP J Sustain Construct Eng Project Manage. 2023; 6 (1): 19–27. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7804196.
13. AASHTO T-321. Method for Determining the Fatigue Life of Compacted Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA)
Subjected to Repeated Flexural Bending, AASHTO Provisional Standards. Washington, DC, USA:
AASHTO; 2010.
14. Sarsam S. Assessing asphalt concrete deterioration model from in-service pavement data. TRB
Conference, Developing a Research Agenda for Transportation Infrastructure Preservation and
Renewal Conference, TRB, Keck Center of the National Academies, Washington, DC, November
12–13, 2009.
15. Sarsam S. Assessment of the deterioration model for asphalt concrete pavement. J Asian Sci Res.
2019; 9 (7): 71–80. doi: 10.18488/journal.2.2019.97.71.80.
16. Onayev A, Swei O. IRI deterioration model for asphalt concrete pavements: capturing performance
improvements over time. Construct Build Mater. 2021; 271: 121768. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.
2020.121768.
nn[/if 1104][if 1104 not_equal=””]n
- [foreach 1102]n t
- [if 1106 equals=””], [/if 1106][if 1106 not_equal=””],[/if 1106]
n[/foreach]
n[/if 1104]
nn
nn[if 1114 equals=”Yes”]n
n[/if 1114]
n
n
n
Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications
n
n
n
n
n
n
| Volume | 11 | |
| [if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] | 01 | |
| Received | April 26, 2024 | |
| Accepted | May 2, 2024 | |
| Published | May 4, 2024 |
n
n
n
n
n
n function myFunction2() {n var x = document.getElementById(“browsefigure”);n if (x.style.display === “block”) {n x.style.display = “none”;n }n else { x.style.display = “Block”; }n }n document.querySelector(“.prevBtn”).addEventListener(“click”, () => {n changeSlides(-1);n });n document.querySelector(“.nextBtn”).addEventListener(“click”, () => {n changeSlides(1);n });n var slideIndex = 1;n showSlides(slideIndex);n function changeSlides(n) {n showSlides((slideIndex += n));n }n function currentSlide(n) {n showSlides((slideIndex = n));n }n function showSlides(n) {n var i;n var slides = document.getElementsByClassName(“Slide”);n var dots = document.getElementsByClassName(“Navdot”);n if (n > slides.length) { slideIndex = 1; }n if (n (item.style.display = “none”));n Array.from(dots).forEach(n item => (item.className = item.className.replace(” selected”, “”))n );n slides[slideIndex – 1].style.display = “block”;n dots[slideIndex – 1].className += ” selected”;n }n”}]