Investigation on Structural Behavior of RC Beam-Column Joints: State-of-the-art

Open Access

Year : 2024 | Volume :12 | Special Issue : 02 | Page : 40-68
By

Mayank Kumar Thakur,

P. Poluraju,

Pawar Praveen,

  1. PG Student Department of Civil Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KL Deemed to be University), Guntur Andhra Pradesh India
  2. Professor Department of Civil Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KL Deemed to be University), Guntur Andhra Pradesh India
  3. Research Scholar Department of Civil Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KL Deemed to be University), Guntur Andhra Pradesh India

Abstract

Beam-column joints (BCJs) are critical structural elements in buildings, influencing overall structural performance and safety. This review paper presents a comprehensive analysis of findings of research showing concern about various aspects of BCJs, focusing on eccentricity effect, numerical investigation, joint behavior, shear strength, retrofitting strategies, and recent advances. Through experimental studies, numerical simulations, and analytical approaches, various studies have made significant progress in understanding BCJ response to various loading circumstances including cyclic, monotonic, and axial loading. Studies addressing eccentricity effect have elucidated the influence of displacement asymmetry on joint response, offering valuable insights for design and performance evaluation of structures. Numerical simulations have presented detailed understandings of BCJ behavior, aiding in the advancement of accurate modeling techniques and design methodologies. Research on joint behavior has explored the complex interaction mechanisms within BCJs, enhancing comprehension of failure modes and performance under various loading scenarios. Furthermore, investigations into shear strength have contributed to refining design provisions and retrofitting strategies aimed at enhancing BCJ resilience and ductility. Recent advancements have leveraged innovative experimental techniques and computational methods to delve deeper into BCJ mechanics and performance characteristics. This review consolidates existing knowledge and identifies emerging trends, providing a significant resource for engineers, and practitioners engaged in the design, assessment, and retrofitting of reinforced concrete structures, particularly focusing on beam-column joints.

Keywords: Beam-column joints, eccentricity effect, numerical investigation, joint behavior, shear strength, retrofitting strategies

[This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Polymer and Composites(jopc)]

How to cite this article: Mayank Kumar Thakur, P. Poluraju, Pawar Praveen. Investigation on Structural Behavior of RC Beam-Column Joints: State-of-the-art. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2024; 12(02):40-68.
How to cite this URL: Mayank Kumar Thakur, P. Poluraju, Pawar Praveen. Investigation on Structural Behavior of RC Beam-Column Joints: State-of-the-art. Journal of Polymer and Composites. 2024; 12(02):40-68. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2024/view=145893

Full Text PDF Download


Browse Figures

References

  • Hanson, N. W., and Connor, H. W., (1967), “Seismic Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints”, Proceedings, ASCE, Journal of the Structural Division, Vol. 93 (ST5), pp. 533-560.
  • Taylor, G.I., (1938), “Plastic Strain in Metals” Journal of the Institute of Metals, London, Vol. 62, pp. 307-324.
  • Taylor, H. P. J., and Clarke, J. L., (1976), “Some Detailing Problems in Concrete Frame Structures”, The Structural Engineer Journal, Vol. 54-1, pp. 19- 32.
  • Meinhiet Beam-to-Column Joints, Proceedings, 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Auckland, New Zealand, pp. 8.
  • Durrani, A. J., and Wight, J. K., (1985), “Behaviour of Interior Beam-to- Column Connections Under Earthquake-Type Loading”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 82, No. 3, pp. 343-349.
  • Ehsani, M. R., and Wight, J. K., (1985), “Exterior Reinforced Concrete Beam- Column Connections Subjected to Earthquake Type Loading”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 82, No. 4, pp. 492-499.
  • Fujii S. and Morita S., (1991), “Comparison Between Interior and Exterior Beam-Column Joint Behaviour”, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, ACI SP-123-6, pp. 145-165.
  • Joh, O., Goto, Y., and Shibata, T., (1991a), “Influence of Transverse Joint and Beam Reinforcement and Relocation of Plastic Hinge Region on Beam-Column Joint Stiffness Deterioration”, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, ACI SP-123-8, pp. 187-223.
  • Joh, O., Goto, Y., and Shibata, T., (1991b), “Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints with Eccentricity”, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, ACI SP-123, pp. 317-357.
  • Tsonos, A. G., Tegas, I. A., and Penelis, G. Gr., (1992), “Seismic Resistance of Type-2 Exterior Beam-Column Joints Reinforced with Inclined Bars”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 89, No.1, pp. 3-12.
  • Agbabian, M. S., Higazy, E. M., Abdel Ghaffar A. M., and Elnashai, A. S., (1994), “Experimental Observations on the Seismic Shear Performance of RC Beam to Column Connections Subjected to Varying Axial Column Force”, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics Journal, Vol. 23, pp. 859-876.
  • Gombosuren, D., & Maki, T. (2020). Prediction of Joint Shear Deformation Index of RC Beam–Column Joints. Buildings, 10(10), 176.
  • Jape, A. S., Gayake, S. B., & Dhake, P. D. (2021). Structural behaviour of beam-column joint retrofitted using carbon fibre reinforced polymer. Journal of Materials and Engineering Structures, 8, 47–59.
  • Hakuto, S., Park, R., and Tanaka, H., (2000), “Seismic Load Tests on Interior and Exterior Beam-Column Joints with Substandard Reinforcing Details”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 97, No. 1, pp. 11-25.
  • Hegger, J., Sherif, A., and Roeser, W., (2003), “Non-seismic Design of Beam- Column Joints”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 100, No. 5, pp. 654-664.
  • Hegger, J., Sherif, A., and Roeser, W., (2004), “Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Connections”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 101, No. 5, pp. 604-614.
  • Waqas, H. A., Sahil, M., Khan, M. M., Anwar, A. W., Shah, M. U., & Usman, M. (2023). Optimizing Reinforcement Strategies for Robust Beam-Column Joints in Seismic-Resistant Structures. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering.
  • Paulay, T., Park, R. and Priestley, M.J.N., (1978), “Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints under Seismic Actions”, ACI Journal, Vol. 75, No. 11, pp. 585-593.
  • Pantazopoulou, S., and Bonacci, J., (1992), “Consideration of Questions about Beam-Column Joints”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 89, No. 1, pp. .27-36.
  • Bonacci, J., and Pantazopoulou, S., (1993), “Parametric Investigation of Joint Mechanics”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 90, No. 1, pp. 61-71.
  • Parker, D. E., and Bullman, P. J. M., (1997), “Shear Strength within Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints”, The Structural Engineer, Vol. 75-No. 4, pp. 53-57.
  • Hwang, S. J., and Lee, H. J., (1999), “Analytical Model for Predicting Shear Strengths of Exterior RC Beam-Column Joints for Seismic Resistance”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 96, No. 5, pp. 846-857.
  • Lowes, L. N., and Altoontash, A., (2003), “Modelling Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints Subjected to Cyclic Loading”, ASCE Journal of Structural Division, Vol. 129-12, pp. 1686-1697.
  • Patil, S. L., & Rasal, S. A. (2015). Behaviour of Beam-Column Joint on Different Shapes RC Framed Structures: A Review. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), ISSN (Online): 2319-706.
  • Al-kisswani, M., & Alubaid, F. (2021). Analysis for the reinforced beam-column joint subjected to cyclic loading using Abaqus and deep learning with Python. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 16(13), ISSN 1819-6608.
  • Muhammad, A., Sahar, U. U., Mughal, U. A., Siddique, I., & Shabbir, A. (2024). Enhancement in performance of RC beam-column joint under cyclic loading by using various grades of engineered cementitious composites in the joint zone-a sustainable numerical study. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering. Published online: 23 Feb 2024.
  • Baglin, P. S., and Scott, R. H., (2000), “Finite Element Modelling of RC Beam- Column Connections”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 97, No. 6, pp. 886-894.
  • Bakir, P. G., and Boduroglu, H. M., (2002), “A New Design Equation for Predicting the Joint Shear Strength of Monotonically Loaded Exterior Beam- Column Joint”, Engineering Structures Journal, Vol. 24, pp. 1105-1117.
  • Hegger, J., Sherif, A., and Roeser, W., (2004), “Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Connections”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 101, No. 5, pp. 604-614.Top of Form
  • Eligehausen, R., Genesio, G., & Pampanin, S. (2009). 3D analysis of seismic response of RC beam-column exterior joints before and after retrofit. Engineering, Taylor & Francis.
  • Yang, B., Wang, H., Yang, Y., Kang, S.-B., Zhou, X.-H., & Wang, L. (2018). Numerical study of rigid steel beam-column joints under impact loading. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 147, 62-73.
  • Al-Bayati, A. F. (2023). Shear strength of reinforced concrete beam–column joints. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, 24, 319–351.
  • Cai, J., Deng, Z., & Li, W. (2023). Numerical Study on Seismic Behavior of Demountable Joints Consisting of Reinforced Concrete Columns and Steel Beams. Buildings, 13(10), 2558.
  • Higazey, M. M., Alshannag, M. J., & Alqarni, A. S. (2023). Numerical Investigation on the Performance of Exterior Beam–Column Joints Reinforced with Shape Memory Alloys. Buildings, 13(7), 1801.
  • Das, P., & Singh, L. I. (2024). Numerical Analysis of Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joint. Materials Science Forum, 1112, Engineering, Materials Science. Published in Materials Science Forum on 8 February 2024.
  • Raffaelle, G. S., and Wight, J. K., (1995), “Reinforced Concrete Eccentric Beam-Column Connections Subjected to Earthquake Type Loading”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 92, No. 1, pp. 45-55.
  • Chen, C. C., and Chen, G. K., (1999), “Cyclic Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Eccentric Beam-Column Corner Joints Connecting Spread-Ended Beams”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 96, No. 3, pp. 443-449.
  • Vollum, R. L., and Newman, J. B., (1999), “Towards the Design of Reinforced Concrete Eccentric Beam-Column Joints”, Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol. 51-6, pp. 397-407.
  • Teng, S., and Zhou, H., (2003), “Eccentric RC Beam-Column Joints Subjected to Cyclic Loading”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 100, No. 2, pp. 139-148.
  • Li, B., Pan, T., & Tran, C. T. N. (2009). Seismic behaviour of nonseismically detailed interior beam-wide column and beam-wall connections. ACI Structural Journal, Engineering,
  • Mogili, S., Kuang, J. S., & Huang, R. Y. C. (2019). Effects of beam–column geometry and eccentricity on seismic behaviour of RC beam–column knee joints. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 17(9), 2671–2686.
  • Hwang, H.-J., & Kim, C.-S. (2021). Simplified Plastic Hinge Model for Reinforced Concrete Beam–Column Joints with Eccentric Beams. Applied Sciences, 11(3), 1303.
  • Xue, Z., & Lam, E. S.-S. (2022). Effect of Column Eccentricity on Beam-Column Joints Strengthened with Chamfers. Journal of Structural Engineering, 148(8).
  • Choi, M.-H., & Lee, C.-H. (2023). Assessing the impact of eccentricity, slabs, and transverse beams on the behaviour of reinforced concrete beam-column joints. Structures, 49, 212-222.
  • Abdel-Latif, M. A., Nassr, A. A., Sumelka, W., Mohamed, M. M., Abd El-Shafi, A. G., & Soliman, E. (2023). Effect of Geometric Parameters on the Behaviour of Eccentric RC Beam–Column Joints. Buildings, 13, 1980.
  • Alcocer, S.M., and Jirsa, J.O., (1993), “Strength of RC Framed Connections Rehabilitation by Jacketing”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 90, No. 3, pp. 249-261.
  • Tsonos, A. G., (1999), “Lateral Load Response of Strengthened RC Beam-to- Column Joint”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 96, No. 1, pp. 46–56.
  • Beschi, C., Meda, A., & Riva, P. (2011). Column and Joint Retrofitting with High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Jacketing. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 15(7), 989-1014.
  • Rodrigues, H., Pradhan, P. M., Furtado, A., Rocha, P., & Vila-Pouca, N. (2018). Structural Repair and Strengthening of RC Elements with Concrete Jacketing. In Strengthening and Retrofitting of Existing Structures (pp. 181–198). Building Pathology and Rehabilitation (BUILDING, volume 9).
  • Karim, S. H., & Karim, F. R. (2020). Review of the Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Columns by Reinforced Concrete Jacketing. Saudi Journal of Civil Engineering, Saudi J Civ Eng, 1(1), 1-10. ISSN 2523-2657 (Print) | ISSN 2523-2231 (Online). Published by Scholars Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
  • Ghobarah, A., Aziz, T.S., and Biddah, A., (1997), “Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Frame Connections using Corrugated Steel Jacketing”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 94, No. 3, pp. 283–294.
  • Ghobarah, A., Biddah, A., and Mahgoub, M., (1997), “Seismic Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Columns using Steel Jackets”, European Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 11-2, pp. 21-31.
  • Ghobarah, A., and Said, A., (2002), “Shear Strengthening of Beam-Column Joints”, Engineering Structures, Vol. 24, pp. 881-888.
  • El-Amoury, T., and Ghobarah, A., (2002), “Seismic Rehabilitation of Beam- Column Joint using GFRP Sheets”, Engineering Structures, Vol. 24, pp. 1397-1407.
  • Pampanin, S., and Christopoulos, C., (2003), Non-Invasive Retrofit of Existing RC Frames Designed for Gravity Loads only, FIB Symposium on Earthquake Resistant Structures, Athens, Greece, May 6-8.
  • Al-Rousan, R. Z., & Alkhawaldeh, A. A. (2021). Numerical simulation of the influence of bond strength degradation on the behaviour of reinforced concrete beam-column joints externally strengthened with FRP sheets. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 15(3), e00567.
  • Pooja, P., Girija, V., Vidhya, K., Carmichael, M. J., Nithya, B., & Sureshkumar, M. P. (2021). Beam-column joint: Structural behaviour using hybrid fibres. Materials Today: Proceedings, 80(Part 3), 3189-3192.
  • Kim, S., Shin, J., & Kim, W. (2024). Assessing the Seismic Performance of Exterior Precast Concrete Joints with Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete. International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, 18(10).
  • Zhang, X., & Li, B. (2024). Investigation on effect of ECC coverage condition on seismic behaviour of beam-column joint. Structures, 62, 106195.
  • Tong, Z., Xu, L., Wei, C., Chi, Y., & Huang, L. (2024). Upgrading seismic performance of beam-column joints using steel-polypropylene hybrid fibre: Experiment and numerical simulation. Journal of Building Engineering, 86, 108681.
  • Hwang, H.-J., & Kim, C.-S. (2021). Simplified Plastic Hinge Model for Reinforced Concrete Beam–Column Joints with Eccentric Beams. Applied Sciences, 11(3), 1303.
  • Shiohara, H., (2004), Quadruple Flexural Resistance in R/C Beam-Column Joints, Proceedings, 13th world conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, B. C., Canada, August 1-6.
  • Mitra, N., and Lowes, L. N., (2004), Evaluation and Advancement of a Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joint Model, Proceedings, 13th world conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, B. C., Canada, August 1-6.
  • Ganesan Karuppiah, Kailasanathan Chidambara Kuttalam, Nadir Ayrilmis, Rajini Nagarajan, M. P. Indira Devi, Sivasubramanian Palanisamy and Carlo Santulli, (2022), Tribological Analysis of Jute/Coir Polyester Composites Filled with Eggshell Powder (ESP) or Nanoclay (NC) Using Grey Rational Method, Fibers, 10(7), 60.
  • Meenakshi Reddy, VP Venkataramana murthy, G Laxmaiah, Karimulla Syed, Yeshwant M. Sonkhaskar, P. Sivasubramanian, (2023), Evaluation of cryogenic cooling in CNC machining of martensitic stainless steel AISI 440C, Materials Today: Proceedings.
  • Ganesan Karuppiah, Kailasanathan Chidambara Kuttalam, Murugesan Palaniappan, Carlo Santulli and Sivasubramanian Palanisamy, (2020), Multi objective Optimization of Fabrication Parameters of Jute Fiber/Polyester Composites with Eggshell Powder and Nanoclay Filler, Molecules, 25, 5579.

Special Issue Open Access Review Article
Volume 12
Special Issue 02
Received April 6, 2024
Accepted April 19, 2024
Published May 13, 2024