A Research on the Additives and Regulatory Requirements for Pediatric Formulation

Year : 2024 | Volume :11 | Issue : 01 | Page : 28-45
By

    Hamsa Priya M.

  1. Chandana M

  2. Darshan G

  3. Shashank R

  4. Srilekha M

  5. Umesh Gr

  6. Bharath B

  7. Parina Mathema

  1. Student, Aditya Bangalore Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Karnataka, India
  2. Student, Aditya Bangalore Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Karnataka, India
  3. Student, Aditya Bangalore Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Karnataka, India
  4. Student, Aditya Bangalore Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Karnataka, India
  5. Student, Aditya Bangalore Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Karnataka, India
  6. Student, Aditya Bangalore Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Karnataka, India
  7. Student, Aditya Bangalore Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Karnataka, India
  8. Associate Professor, Aditya Bangalore Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Abstract

These days, pediatric considerations are incorporated early on in the creation of new medications. The guidelines and policies of European drug regulatory bodies served as the foundation for our investigation. The review comprehensively outlines excipients commonly found in pediatric medicine formulations. It identifies potentially harmful compounds flagged by scientific literature, stressing the necessity of rigorous safety checks, often involving toxicity studies. Excipients included in pediatric databases, like the STEP database, prioritize safety and toxicity considerations. This compilation ensures medications administered to children meet stringent safety standards. By emphasizing these factors, we aim to enhance the safety and efficacy of pediatric medications, advancing the field of pediatric medicine while safeguarding the well-being of young patients. Addressing the challenges surrounding diethylene glycol (DEG) and ethylene glycol (EG) as excipients encompasses understanding their complex physicochemical properties, navigating toxicity concerns, and adhering to stringent regulatory requirements. Emphasis is placed on implementing safety precautions to mitigate associated hazards. Moreover, compliance with legal mandates governing their use in medications is paramount. This multifaceted approach ensures the safe integration of DEG and EG into formulations, bolstering confidence in their efficacy and safety profiles. By tackling these challenges head-on and fostering compliance with regulatory standards, we strive to enhance the quality and safety of medications utilizing these excipients.

Keywords: Pediatric, Active pharmaceutical ingredients, Excipients, Medications, Dosage, FDA, EMA, Clinical studies.

[This article belongs to Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production(rrjodfdp)]

How to cite this article: Hamsa Priya M., Chandana M, Darshan G, Shashank R, Srilekha M, Umesh Gr, Bharath B, Parina Mathema.A Research on the Additives and Regulatory Requirements for Pediatric Formulation.Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production.2024; 11(01):28-45.
How to cite this URL: Hamsa Priya M., Chandana M, Darshan G, Shashank R, Srilekha M, Umesh Gr, Bharath B, Parina Mathema , A Research on the Additives and Regulatory Requirements for Pediatric Formulation rrjodfdp 2024 {cited 2024 Apr 18};11:28-45. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjodfdp/article=2024/view=143659


Browse Figures

References

1. Sam T, Ernest TB, Walsh J, Williams JL, European Paediatric Formulation. A benefit/risk approach towards selecting appropriate pharmaceutical dosage forms an application for paediatric dosage form selection. Int J Pharm. 2012; 435(2): 115–123.
2. Baranwal M, Kaur A, Kumar R. Challenges in utilizing diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol as excipient: A thorough overview. Pharmaspire. 2023; 15(1): 8–15.
3. BBC news. (2022 Dec 16). Gambia child deaths: WHO stands by “Dangerous” India cough syrup claim. [Online]. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-63996180
4. Mint. (2022 Nov 2). Gambia says ‘No confirmation ‘India-made cough syrup killed 70 Kids. [Online]. https://www.livemint.com/news/world/gambia-says-no-confirmation-indias-maiden-pharmaceuticals-made-cough-syrup-killed-70-kids-11667401163470.html
5. Rostovtseva V, Faykov I, Pulyalina A. A Review of Recent Developments of Pervaporation Membranes for Ethylene Glycol Purification. Membranes (Basel). 2022 Mar 10; 12(3): 312. doi: 10.3390/membranes12030312. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/3/312.
6. Galande AD, Khurana NA, Mutalik S. Pediatric dosage forms-challenges and recent developments: A critical review. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2020 Jul 4; 10(7): 155–66.
7. Galande AD, Khurana NA, Mutalik S. Paediatric dosage forms: challenges and recent developments: A critical review. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2020; 10(07): 155–166.
8. Baldrick P. Pharmaceutical excipient testing: a regulatory and preclinical perspective. Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology. 2nd Edn. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 2002; 2141.
9. Catherine Sheehan. (2017 Nov 29). USP Perspective on Atypical Actives (On Demand). [Online]. USP Stakeholder Forum.
10. International Pharmaceutical excipient council federation. (2019 Apr 3). Position paper entitled good Manufacturing Practices for Atypical Actives. [Online]. https://ipec-federation.org/position-paper-good-manufacturing-practices-for-atypical-actives/
11. Official Journal of the European Union 2013/c 223/01. Vol. 56. 2013 Aug. [Online].
12. NSF/IPEC/ANSI 363–2019. Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for pharmaceutical excipients. [Online]. https://webstore.ansi.org/standards/nsf/nsfipecansi3632019
13. EXCiPACT. (2017). Certification standards for pharmaceutical excipient suppliers: Good Manufacturing Practices, Good Distribution Practices. [Online]. chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.excipact.org/files/EXCiPACT/Downloads/20180123%20EXC%20Standard_Final-webversion.pdf
14. Gavrus D, Busquests FB, Catala JM, Genestar JLV, Flaque MV. Criteria for Paediatric oral Liquid form. Arch Pharm. 2021; 5(1): 018–019.
15. Verma S, Baghotia A, Singh J, Saroha K, Kumar S, Kumar D. Pharmaceutical excipients: A regulatory aspect. Pharma Innov. 2016 Jun 1; 5(6, Part B): 124–127.
16. European Commission. (2003 Jul 24). The European Agency for the evaluation of Medical Products. [Online]. Committee for Proprietary Medical Products (CPMP). https://health.ec.europa.eu/publications/european-agency-evaluation-medicinal-products_en
17. Baldgrick P. Pharmaceutical Excipients Development: The need for clinical Guidance. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2000; 32(2): 210–218.
18. Sliverstein. Excipient GMP Quality Standard: One is enough. Pharm Technol. 2002; 26(6): 46–52.
19. Guideline IH. Stability testing of new drug substances and products. Q1A (R2), current step. 2003 Feb; 4: 1–24.
20. IPEC-PQG. (2017). The Joint Good Manufacturing Practices Guide for pharmaceutical excipients. [Online]. chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/http://academy.gmp-compliance.org/guidemgr/files/20170517-ipec-pqg-gmp-guide-final-1536242212.pdf
21. EMA. (2013). The IPEC Good Distribution Practices Guide for Pharmaceutical excipients. Guideline on Pharmaceutical Development of Medicines for Paediatric use. [Online]. chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-pharmaceutical-development-medicines-paediatric-use_en.pdf
22. FDA. (2010). M3(R2) Nonclinical Safety Studies for the Conduct of Human Clinical Trials and Marketing Authorization for Pharmaceuticals. [Online]. https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/m3r2-nonclinical-safety-studies-conduct-human-clinical-trials-and-marketing-authorization.
23. FDA. The guidance has been prepared by the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). [Online]. https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-organization/center-drug-evaluation-and-research-cder
24. Walsh J, Cram A, Woertz K, Breitkreutz J, Winzenburg G, Turner R, Tuleu C, European Formulation Initiative. Playing hide and seek with poorly tasting paediatric medicines: do not forget the excipients. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2014 Jun; 73: 14–33. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.02.012.
25. WHO Technical Report Series No. 970. (2012). Development of Paediatric medicines: WHO Annexure Points to be considered in formulation. [Online]. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/trs970-annex-5-development-of-paediatric-medicines-points-to-consider-in-formulation
26. Moreton RC. Excipient Interactions: Excipient Development for Pharmaceutical, Biotechnology, and Drug Delivery Systems. Katdare A, Chaubal MV, editors. Inform Healthcare. New York: CRC Press; 2006; 93–108.
27. Jenkins P. Michelson R, Emerson PA. Adverse drug reaction to sunset-yellow in rifampicin-isoniazid tablet. Lancet. 1982 Aug 14; 2(8294): 385–385.
28. Arulanantham K, Genel M. Central nervous system toxicity associated with ingestion of propylene glycol. J Pediatr. 1978 Sep; 93(3): 515–516.
29. Martin G. Finberg L. Propylene glycol: a potentially toxic vehicle in liquid dosage for J Pediatr. 1970 Nov; 77(5): 877–878.
30. Stevenson DD, Simon RA. Sensitivity to ingested metabisulfites in asthmatic subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1981 Jul; 68(1): 26–32.


Regular Issue Subscription Original Research
Volume 11
Issue 01
Received February 23, 2024
Accepted March 28, 2024
Published April 18, 2024