Oluwadare Joshua Oyebode
- Lecturer, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekit, Ekiti, Nigeria
Abstract
Adequate strategies need to be put in place for electrical and electronic waste management, renewable energy commercialization, green societies and sustainable development in Nigeria. This paper examined handling, disposal and management of electronic waste in Nigerian environment. Methodology adopted includes literature reviews of issues on this subject matter, specific site inspection, surveys and secondary data from users and industries with massive electronic waste. It has been discovered that these wastes have not been management effectively for greener society. A lot of scrap metals, obsolete equipment and other electronic wastes are being dumped into developing countries due to poverty, eagerness for information communication technology and economic recession. It has been concluded that most health issues and industrial pollution can be traced to the inadequate management electronic wastes. Electronic wastes eventually find their way into landfills because of arrival of latest electronics, hence electronic Wastes pose health challenges and environmental hazards to humans, livestock and ecology due to poor management. Facilities, legal framework, and alternative initiatives and means of managing E-Waste both nationally and internationally are essential in developing countries. Electronic wastes issues could be turned into a useful tool for capacity building of various sectors with employment generation, wealth creation, opportunities and poverty alleviation. Recommendations are made for better policy, appropriate technology and treatment of Electronic waste for environmental sustainability, socio-economic development and pollution reduction in Nigeria.
Keywords: Electronic waste, environmental sustainability, pollution reduction, green societies, renewable energy commercialization
[This article belongs to International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization(ijrec)]
Full Text
Browse Figures
References
1. Ilankoon, I. M. S. K., Ghorbani, Y., Chong, M. N., et.al. E-waste in the international context–A review of trade flows, regulations, hazards, waste management strategies and technologies for value recovery. Waste Management. 2018; 82: 258-275.
2. Manhart, A., Osibanjo, O., Aderinto, A., et.al.[June 2011]. Informal e-waste management in Lagos, Nigeria–socio-economic impacts and feasibility of international recycling co-operations. Final report of component [online]. Available from
http://www.basel.int/Portals/4/Basel%20Convention/docs/eWaste/Ewaste_Africa_Project_Nigeria.pdf
3. Nnorom, I. C., Ohakwe, J., Osibanjo, O. Survey of willingness of residents to participate in electronic waste recycling in Nigeria–A case study of mobile phone recycling. Journal of cleaner production. 2009; 17(18): 1629-1637.
4. Pariatamby, A., Victor, D. Policy trends of e-waste management in Asia. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management. 2013; 15(4): 411-419.
5. Awasthi, A. K., Li, J., Koh, L., et.al. Circular economy and electronic waste. Nature Electronics. 2019; 2(3): 86-89.
6. Borthakur, A., Govind, M. Emerging trends in consumers’ E-waste disposal behaviour and awareness: A worldwide overview with special focus on India. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2017; 117: 102-113.
7. Pinto, V. N., Patil D.Y. E-waste Hazard: The Impending Challenge. Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2008; 12(2): 65-70.
8. Miner, K. J., Rampedi, I. T., Ifegbesan, A. P., et.al. Survey on household awareness and willingness to participate in e-waste management in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Sustainability. 2020; 12(3): 1047.
9. Ezeah, C., C. L. Roberts. Waste governance agenda in Nigerian cities: A comparative analysis. Habitat Int. 2014; 41:121–128. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2013.07.007.
10. Bimir, M. N. Revisiting e-waste management practices in selected African countries. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association. 2020; 70(7): 659-669.
11. UNEP, (2007a) E-Waste: Volume I Inventory Assessment Manual. United Nations Environment Protection” 123 pp.
12. UNEP, (2007b) E-Waste: Volume II E-Waste Management Manual United Nations Environment Protection, 124 pp.
13. Ban BC, Song JY, Lim JY, et.al. Studies on the reuse of waste printed circuit board as an additive for cement mortar. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2005;40(3):645-656.
14. ENVIS, (2008) “Electronic Waste”, ENVIS Newsletter, Mumbai, India. EWaste Guide. Available from: http://www.ewaste.in. [last accessed on 2008 Jan 1]
15. Needhidasan, S., Samuel, M., Chidambaram, R. Electronic waste–an emerging threat to the environment of urban India. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering. 2014; 12(1): 1-9.
16. Oyebode, O.J. Solid waste management for sustainable development and public health: A case study of Lagos State in Nigeria. Universal journal of public health. 2013; 1(3): 33-39.
17. Oyebode, O. J. Evaluation of municipal solid waste management for improved public health and environment in Nigeria. European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology. 2018; 5(8): 525-534.
18. Oyebode, O. J. Design of Engineered Sanitary Landfill For Efficient Solid Waste Management In Ado–Ekiti, South-Western Nigeria. Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science Studies. 2017; 3(9): 2144-2160.
19. Oyebode, O. J. Impact of Environmental Laws and Regulations on Nigerian Environment. World Journal of Research and Review. 2018; 7(3): 262587
| Volume | 7 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Received | November 11, 2021 |
| Accepted | December 12, 2021 |
| Published | December 31, 2021 |