RRJoS

Performance of Some Modified Ordinary Ridge Regression Estimators

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In multiple linear regressions, if the data suffer from severe multicollinearity, then the ordinary least squares (OLS) method become more sensitive to it, and in such a case OLS could yield wrong sign for some of the regression coefficients. Therefore, when such a situation arises, we could use one of the biased regression methods viz., ridge regression, principal component regression, and so on, as an alternative method to OLS. This article pertains to ridge regression only. To overcome the problem of multicollinearity, here, we propose some modified ordinary ridge estimators, which are defined by taking convex combinations of some of the existing estimators. Empirically performance of the suggested estimators is compared with some of the existing estimators which are considered in this study, and the results indicate the suggested estimators performed better in terms of MSE (mean square errors). Moreover, the suggested estimators are more robust to problem of linear dependency between the predictors.

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Volume :u00a0u00a011 | Issue :u00a0u00a02 | Received :u00a0u00a0August 22, 2022 | Accepted :u00a0u00a0August 29, 2022 | Published :u00a0u00a0September 12, 2022n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Research & Reviews : Journal of Statistics(rrjs)] [/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue Performance of Some Modified Ordinary Ridge Regression Estimators under section in Research & Reviews : Journal of Statistics(rrjs)] [/if 424]
Keywords Multiple linear regressions, multicollinearity, VIF, ridge parameter, MSE

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References

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1. Horel, A. E. Applications of ridge analysis toregression problems. Chem. Eng. Progress. 58 (1962): 54–59.
2. Hoerl, Arthur E., and Robert W. Kennard. Ridge regression: applications to nonorthogonal problems. Technometrics 12.1 (1970): 69–82.
3. Hoerl, Arthur E., Robert W. Kannard, and Kent F. Baldwin. Ridge regression: some simulations. Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods 4.2 (1975): 105–123.
4. Halawa, A. M., and M. Y. El Bassiouni. Tests of regression coefficients under ridge regression models. J. of Statistical Computation and Simulation 65.1-4 (2000): 341–356.
5. Hastie, T., and R. Tibshirani. Generalized Additive Models. Chapman Hall & CRC. Monographs on Statistics & Applied Probability. Chapman and Hall/CRC 1 (1990).
6. Alkhamisi, Mahdi A., and Ghazi Shukur. A Monte Carlo study of recent ridge parameters. Communications in Statistics—Simulation and Computation 36.3 (2007): 535–547.
7. Dorugade, A. V., and D. N. Kashid. Alternative method for choosing ridge parameter for regression. Applied Mathematical Sciences 4.9 (2010): 447–456.
8. Dorugade, Ashok Vithoba. New ridge parameters for ridge regression. J. of the Association of Arab Universities for Basic and Applied Sciences 15 (2014): 94–99.
9. Kibria, BM Golam. Performance of some new ridge regression estimators. Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation 32.2 (2003): 419–435.
10. Khalaf, Ghadban. A proposed ridge parameter to improve the least square estimator. J. of Modern Applied Statistical Methods 11.2 (2012): 15.
11. Khalaf, Ghadban, and Ghazi Shukur. Choosing ridge parameter for regression problems. (2005): 1177–1182.
12. JF, Lawless. A simulation study of ridge and other regression estimators. Communications in Statistics-theory and Methods 5.4 (1976): 307–323.
13. Mardikyan, Sona, and Eyüp Çetin. Efficient choice of biasing constant for ridge regression. Int. J. Contemp. Math. Sciences 3.11 (2008): 527–536.
14. Muniz, Gisela, and BM Golam Kibria. On some ridge regression estimators: An empirical comparison. Communications in Statistics—Simulation and Computation 38.3 (2009): 621–630.
15. Nomura, Masuo. On the almost unbiased ridge regression estimator. Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation 17.3 (1988): 729–743.
16. Vinod, Hrishikesh D., and Aman Ullah. Recent advances in regression methods. (1981).
17. Al-Hassan, Yazid M. Performance of a new ridge regression estimator. J of the Association of Arab Universities for Basic and Applied Sciences 9.1 (2010): 23–26.
18. Bhuyan, K. C. Multivariate analysis and its applications. New Central Book Agency, 2005.
19. Alheety, M. I., and BM Golam Kibria. On the Liu and almost unbiased Liu estimators in the presence of multicollinearity with heteroscedastic or correlated errors. Surveys in Mathematics and its Applications 4 (2009): 155–167.
20. Lee, Tak H., et al. Effect of dietary enrichment with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on in vitro neutrophil and monocyte leukotriene generation and neutrophil function. New England J of Medicine 312.19 (1985): 1217–1224.
21. Liu, Kejian. Using Liu-type estimator to combat collinearity. Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods 32.5 (2003): 1009–1020.
22. Montgomery, Douglas C., Elizabeth A. Peck, and G. Geoffrey Vining. Introduction to linear regression analysis. John Wiley & Sons, 2021.
23. Rao, Calyampudi Radhakrishna, and Helge Toutenburg. Linear models. Linear models. Springer, New York, NY, 1995. 3–18.
24. Bhat, Satish, and R. Vidya. Improvement on Ridge Regression Estimator. Proc. of National Conference on ‘Statistical Methods and Data Analysis. 2015.
25. Bhat, Satish Shankar. A comparative study on the performance of new ridge estimators. Pakistan J of Statistics and Operation Research (2016): 317–325.
26. Bhat, S., and R. Vidya. A New Ridge Estimator and Its Performance. Proc. of the National Conference on Operations Management, Analytics and Statistical Methods. 2017.
27. Bhat, Satish, Contributions to the Study of Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), PhD. Thesis, submitted to University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India 2017. [http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/4143].
28. Bhat, S. S., and R. Vidya. Performance of Ridge Estimators Based on Weighted Geometric Mean and Harmonic Mean. J. of Scientific Research, 12.1 (2020): 1–13.
29. Bhat, Satish. Performance of a Weighted Ridge Estimator. Int. J. Agricult. Stat. Sci. Vol 15.1 (2019): 347–354.
30. BHAT, SATISH. A New Modified Ridge Regression Estimator. (2021).
31. Thisted, Ronald Aaron. Ridge Regression, Minimax Estimation, and Empirical Bayes Methods. Stanford University, 1977.

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Research & Reviews : Journal of Statistics

ISSN: 2278-2273

Editors Overview

rrjs maintains an Editorial Board of practicing researchers from around the world, to ensure manuscripts are handled by editors who are experts in the field of study.

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    By  [foreach 286]n

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    Satish Bhat

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  1. Assistant Professor,Department of Statistics, Yuvaraja’s College, University of Mysore,Karnataka,India
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Abstract

nIn multiple linear regressions, if the data suffer from severe multicollinearity, then the ordinary least squares (OLS) method become more sensitive to it, and in such a case OLS could yield wrong sign for some of the regression coefficients. Therefore, when such a situation arises, we could use one of the biased regression methods viz., ridge regression, principal component regression, and so on, as an alternative method to OLS. This article pertains to ridge regression only. To overcome the problem of multicollinearity, here, we propose some modified ordinary ridge estimators, which are defined by taking convex combinations of some of the existing estimators. Empirically performance of the suggested estimators is compared with some of the existing estimators which are considered in this study, and the results indicate the suggested estimators performed better in terms of MSE (mean square errors). Moreover, the suggested estimators are more robust to problem of linear dependency between the predictors.n

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Keywords: Multiple linear regressions, multicollinearity, VIF, ridge parameter, MSE

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References

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1. Horel, A. E. Applications of ridge analysis toregression problems. Chem. Eng. Progress. 58 (1962): 54–59.
2. Hoerl, Arthur E., and Robert W. Kennard. Ridge regression: applications to nonorthogonal problems. Technometrics 12.1 (1970): 69–82.
3. Hoerl, Arthur E., Robert W. Kannard, and Kent F. Baldwin. Ridge regression: some simulations. Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods 4.2 (1975): 105–123.
4. Halawa, A. M., and M. Y. El Bassiouni. Tests of regression coefficients under ridge regression models. J. of Statistical Computation and Simulation 65.1-4 (2000): 341–356.
5. Hastie, T., and R. Tibshirani. Generalized Additive Models. Chapman Hall & CRC. Monographs on Statistics & Applied Probability. Chapman and Hall/CRC 1 (1990).
6. Alkhamisi, Mahdi A., and Ghazi Shukur. A Monte Carlo study of recent ridge parameters. Communications in Statistics—Simulation and Computation 36.3 (2007): 535–547.
7. Dorugade, A. V., and D. N. Kashid. Alternative method for choosing ridge parameter for regression. Applied Mathematical Sciences 4.9 (2010): 447–456.
8. Dorugade, Ashok Vithoba. New ridge parameters for ridge regression. J. of the Association of Arab Universities for Basic and Applied Sciences 15 (2014): 94–99.
9. Kibria, BM Golam. Performance of some new ridge regression estimators. Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation 32.2 (2003): 419–435.
10. Khalaf, Ghadban. A proposed ridge parameter to improve the least square estimator. J. of Modern Applied Statistical Methods 11.2 (2012): 15.
11. Khalaf, Ghadban, and Ghazi Shukur. Choosing ridge parameter for regression problems. (2005): 1177–1182.
12. JF, Lawless. A simulation study of ridge and other regression estimators. Communications in Statistics-theory and Methods 5.4 (1976): 307–323.
13. Mardikyan, Sona, and Eyüp Çetin. Efficient choice of biasing constant for ridge regression. Int. J. Contemp. Math. Sciences 3.11 (2008): 527–536.
14. Muniz, Gisela, and BM Golam Kibria. On some ridge regression estimators: An empirical comparison. Communications in Statistics—Simulation and Computation 38.3 (2009): 621–630.
15. Nomura, Masuo. On the almost unbiased ridge regression estimator. Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation 17.3 (1988): 729–743.
16. Vinod, Hrishikesh D., and Aman Ullah. Recent advances in regression methods. (1981).
17. Al-Hassan, Yazid M. Performance of a new ridge regression estimator. J of the Association of Arab Universities for Basic and Applied Sciences 9.1 (2010): 23–26.
18. Bhuyan, K. C. Multivariate analysis and its applications. New Central Book Agency, 2005.
19. Alheety, M. I., and BM Golam Kibria. On the Liu and almost unbiased Liu estimators in the presence of multicollinearity with heteroscedastic or correlated errors. Surveys in Mathematics and its Applications 4 (2009): 155–167.
20. Lee, Tak H., et al. Effect of dietary enrichment with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on in vitro neutrophil and monocyte leukotriene generation and neutrophil function. New England J of Medicine 312.19 (1985): 1217–1224.
21. Liu, Kejian. Using Liu-type estimator to combat collinearity. Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods 32.5 (2003): 1009–1020.
22. Montgomery, Douglas C., Elizabeth A. Peck, and G. Geoffrey Vining. Introduction to linear regression analysis. John Wiley & Sons, 2021.
23. Rao, Calyampudi Radhakrishna, and Helge Toutenburg. Linear models. Linear models. Springer, New York, NY, 1995. 3–18.
24. Bhat, Satish, and R. Vidya. Improvement on Ridge Regression Estimator. Proc. of National Conference on ‘Statistical Methods and Data Analysis. 2015.
25. Bhat, Satish Shankar. A comparative study on the performance of new ridge estimators. Pakistan J of Statistics and Operation Research (2016): 317–325.
26. Bhat, S., and R. Vidya. A New Ridge Estimator and Its Performance. Proc. of the National Conference on Operations Management, Analytics and Statistical Methods. 2017.
27. Bhat, Satish, Contributions to the Study of Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), PhD. Thesis, submitted to University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India 2017. [http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/4143].
28. Bhat, S. S., and R. Vidya. Performance of Ridge Estimators Based on Weighted Geometric Mean and Harmonic Mean. J. of Scientific Research, 12.1 (2020): 1–13.
29. Bhat, Satish. Performance of a Weighted Ridge Estimator. Int. J. Agricult. Stat. Sci. Vol 15.1 (2019): 347–354.
30. BHAT, SATISH. A New Modified Ridge Regression Estimator. (2021).
31. Thisted, Ronald Aaron. Ridge Regression, Minimax Estimation, and Empirical Bayes Methods. Stanford University, 1977.

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Volume 11
Issue 2
Received August 22, 2022
Accepted August 29, 2022
Published September 12, 2022

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RRJoS

The Effect of the Treatment by Combining Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Filler and Botulinum Toxin A (BTX-A) on the Upper Face

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u00a0Gang-Ho Jong, Hak-Bom Han, Hui-Chol Kang,

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nJanuary 10, 2023 at 4:39 am

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Recently, more people have better aesthetic satisfactions with the application of various treatment methods. Especially, development of botulinum toxins and facial fillers provide patients having folds with new hopes. Aims: We studied to clarify the aesthetic effect of the treatment by combining the injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) and botulinum toxin A (BTX-A). Setting and designs: 115 patients complaining about folds in foreheads, glabellars, and lateral periorbital regions were selected. We made two groups; control group was treated only with injectable HA filler and experimental group by combining HA and BTX-A. Both groups were followed for 8 months after injection. Material and methods: HA (Restylane) and BTX-A were together applied to the upper face folds including forehead, glabellar and crow’s feet that were represented by mimetic muscles. We evaluated the correction and the maintenance effects in control and experimental groups at 0 and 8 months after treatments. Statistical analysis used: All the experimental values were analyzed statistically with Student’s t-test of Microsoft Excel 2013. Results: All the patients in both groups had efficient fold corrections, but there was no significant difference of the rate of maintenance between 2 groups. Conclusion: On the upper face, combined treatments with the injectable HA and BTX-A were intended to have better early effects than with only a filler, and the combined procedure didn’t have a significant difference in fold correction maintenance effects after 8 months.

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Volume :u00a0u00a011 | Issue :u00a0u00a01 | Received :u00a0u00a0September 27, 2021 | Accepted :u00a0u00a0February 14, 2021 | Published :u00a0u00a0February 21, 2022n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Research & Reviews : Journal of Surgery(rrjos)] [/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue The Effect of the Treatment by Combining Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Filler and Botulinum Toxin A (BTX-A) on the Upper Face under section in Research & Reviews : Journal of Surgery(rrjos)] [/if 424]
Keywords Facial filler, Hyaluronic acid, Facial fold, Botulinum toxin, HA and BTX-A

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References

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1. Rzany B. Injectable Fillers in Aesthetic Medicine. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006 Printed in Germany; 23–82pp.
2. Costa C. R, et al. Advances and Refinement in Hyaluronic Acid Facial Fillers, Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016; 138 (2); 233e-6.
3. Fabrizio Duranti, Giovanni Salti, Bruno Bovani, Mario Calandra, Maria Laura Rosati. Injectable Hyaluronic Acid Gel for Soft Tissue Augmentation. Inc Dermatol Surg. 1998; 24 (12); 1317–25.
4. Frampton JE. Botulinum Toxin A(Botox Cosmetic): A Review of its use in the Treatment of Glabellar Frown Lines. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003; 4 (10): 709–25
5. Seth L. Matarasso, Jean D. Carruthers, Mark L. Jewell. Consesus Recommendation for Soft Tissue Augmentation With Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid (Restylane). Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006 Mar; 117 (3 Suppl): 3S–34S.
6. Sundaram H, Liew S, Signorini M, Vieira Braz A, Fagien S, Swift A et al. Global Aesthetics Consensus Hyaluronic Acid Fillers and Botulinum Toxin Type A-Recommendations for Combined Treatment and Optimizing Outcomes in Diverse Patient Populations. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016; 137 (5); 1410–1423.
7. Wu WT, Liew S, Chan HH, Ho WW, Supapannachart N, Lee HK, et al. Consensus on Current Injectable Treatment Strategies in the Asian Face. Asian Facial Aesthetics Expert Consensus Group.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2016; 40 (2); 202–14.

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[if 424 not_equal=”Regular Issue”] Regular Issue[/if 424] Open Access Article

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Editors Overview

rrjos maintains an Editorial Board of practicing researchers from around the world, to ensure manuscripts are handled by editors who are experts in the field of study.

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    Gang-Ho Jong, Hak-Bom Han, Hui-Chol Kang

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  1. Researcher, Researcher, Researcher,Department of Medicine, Pyongyang Medical University, Department of Medicine, Pyongyang Medical University, Department of Medicine, Pyongyang Medical University,Pyongyang, Pyongyang, Pyongyang,Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
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Abstract

nRecently, more people have better aesthetic satisfactions with the application of various treatment methods. Especially, development of botulinum toxins and facial fillers provide patients having folds with new hopes. Aims: We studied to clarify the aesthetic effect of the treatment by combining the injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) and botulinum toxin A (BTX-A). Setting and designs: 115 patients complaining about folds in foreheads, glabellars, and lateral periorbital regions were selected. We made two groups; control group was treated only with injectable HA filler and experimental group by combining HA and BTX-A. Both groups were followed for 8 months after injection. Material and methods: HA (Restylane) and BTX-A were together applied to the upper face folds including forehead, glabellar and crow’s feet that were represented by mimetic muscles. We evaluated the correction and the maintenance effects in control and experimental groups at 0 and 8 months after treatments. Statistical analysis used: All the experimental values were analyzed statistically with Student’s t-test of Microsoft Excel 2013. Results: All the patients in both groups had efficient fold corrections, but there was no significant difference of the rate of maintenance between 2 groups. Conclusion: On the upper face, combined treatments with the injectable HA and BTX-A were intended to have better early effects than with only a filler, and the combined procedure didn’t have a significant difference in fold correction maintenance effects after 8 months.n

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Keywords: Facial filler, Hyaluronic acid, Facial fold, Botulinum toxin, HA and BTX-A

n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Research & Reviews : Journal of Surgery(rrjos)]

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References

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1. Rzany B. Injectable Fillers in Aesthetic Medicine. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006 Printed in Germany; 23–82pp.
2. Costa C. R, et al. Advances and Refinement in Hyaluronic Acid Facial Fillers, Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016; 138 (2); 233e-6.
3. Fabrizio Duranti, Giovanni Salti, Bruno Bovani, Mario Calandra, Maria Laura Rosati. Injectable Hyaluronic Acid Gel for Soft Tissue Augmentation. Inc Dermatol Surg. 1998; 24 (12); 1317–25.
4. Frampton JE. Botulinum Toxin A(Botox Cosmetic): A Review of its use in the Treatment of Glabellar Frown Lines. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003; 4 (10): 709–25
5. Seth L. Matarasso, Jean D. Carruthers, Mark L. Jewell. Consesus Recommendation for Soft Tissue Augmentation With Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid (Restylane). Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006 Mar; 117 (3 Suppl): 3S–34S.
6. Sundaram H, Liew S, Signorini M, Vieira Braz A, Fagien S, Swift A et al. Global Aesthetics Consensus Hyaluronic Acid Fillers and Botulinum Toxin Type A-Recommendations for Combined Treatment and Optimizing Outcomes in Diverse Patient Populations. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016; 137 (5); 1410–1423.
7. Wu WT, Liew S, Chan HH, Ho WW, Supapannachart N, Lee HK, et al. Consensus on Current Injectable Treatment Strategies in the Asian Face. Asian Facial Aesthetics Expert Consensus Group.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2016; 40 (2); 202–14.

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Research & Reviews : Journal of Surgery

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[if 344 not_equal=””]ISSN: 2319-3425[/if 344]

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Volume 11
Issue 1
Received September 27, 2021
Accepted February 14, 2021
Published February 21, 2022

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RRJoS

Functional Outcomes in a Client with Hemiglossectomy and Segmental Mandibulectomy: A Case Report

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u00a0Gang-Ho Jong, Hak-Bom Han, Hui-Chol Kang,

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nJanuary 10, 2023 at 4:48 am

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Glossectomy and mandibulectomy are one of the most common surgical procedures carried out to remove oral tumors. To date, only a few studies have been published regarding the functional outcomes in an individual who have undergone both glossectomy and mandibulectomy. It is important to document detailed changes in speech subsystems, swallowing, and QoL. As a result, the current study focuses on the nature of speech impairment, swallowing difficulties, and quality of life in a 58- year-old man who had a malignant oral tumour and had hemiglossectomy and segmental mandibulectomy. A detailed speech evaluation (perceptual and objective), oral peripheral mechanism examination (OPME) along with swallowing and quality of life evaluation was carried out. Oromotor functions were found to be severely affected. Speech evaluation indicated the presence of misarticulations, compensatory articulation errors, and affected voice quality and prosody, ultimately affecting the understandability as well as acceptability of speech. A moderate degree of dysphagia was also identified during the swallowing evaluation. The ‘health-related QoL of the patient compared to the month before the development of cancer’ was somewhat worse, whereas the ‘healthrelated QoL during the last 7 days’ was fair, furthermore, the overall ‘QoL during the past 7 days’ was reported to be good. This knowledge is frequently applied to rehabilitation, employment, community participation, and to make family members aware of their role in the betterment of an individual with glossectomy or mandibulectomy.

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Volume :u00a0u00a011 | Issue :u00a0u00a02 | Received :u00a0u00a0September 27, 2021 | Accepted :u00a0u00a0February 14, 2022 | Published :u00a0u00a0February 21, 2022n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Research & Reviews : Journal of Surgery(rrjos)] [/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue Functional Outcomes in a Client with Hemiglossectomy and Segmental Mandibulectomy: A Case Report under section in Research & Reviews : Journal of Surgery(rrjos)] [/if 424]
Keywords Facial filler, Hyaluronic acid, Facial fold, Botulinum toxin, HA and BTX-A

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References

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1. Al-Hebshi NN, Borgnakke WS, Johnson NW. The microbiome of oral squamous cell carcinomas: a functional perspective. Curr Oral Health Rep. 2019 Jun;6(2):145-60.
2. Laaksonen JP, Loewen IJ, Wolfaardt J, Rieger J, Seikaly H, Harris J. Speech After Tongue Reconstruction and Use of a Palatal Augmentation Prosthesis: An acoustic case study. Can J Speech Lang Pathol Audiol. 2009 Dec 1;33(4):196-203.
3. Meyerson MD, Johnson BH, Weitzman RS. Rehabilitation of a patient with complete mandibulectomy and partial glossectomy. Am J Otolaryngol. 1980 May 1;1(3):256-61.
4. Naik PV, Zacharia T, Kuniyil JG. Speech characteristics and swallowing functions postsegmental mandibulectomy. Arch Med Health Sci. 2013 Jul 1;1(2):148.
5. Nargozian C. The airway in patients with craniofacial abnormalities. Paediatr Anaesth. 2004 Jan;14(1):53-9.
6. Knuuttila H, Pukander J, Määttä T, Pakarinen L, Vilkman E. Speech articulation after subtotal glossectomy and reconstruction with a myocutaneous flap. Acta Otolaryngol. 1999 Jan 1;119(5):621-6.
7. Takatsu J, Hanai N, Suzuki H, Yoshida M, Tanaka Y, Tanaka S, Hasegawa Y, Yamamoto M. Phonologic and acoustic analysis of speech following glossectomy and the effect of rehabilitation on speech outcomes. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Jul 1;75(7):1530-41.
8. Whitehill TL, Ciocca V, Chan JC, Samman N. Acoustic analysis of vowels following glossectomy. Clin Linguist Phon. 2006 Jan 1;20(2-3):135-40.
9. Krause JC, Braida LD. Acoustic properties of naturally produced clear speech at normal speaking rates. J Acoust. Soc. 2004 Jan;115(1):362-78.
10. Neel AT. Vowel space characteristics and vowel identification accuracy. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008;51(3):574–585.
11. Ghosh SK, Ghosh SK. Conservative mandibular resections for oral cavity malignancies: A review. Nepal Med Coll J. 2010 Jun 1;12(2):119-22.
12. Saravanan G, Ranganathan V, Gandhi A, Jaya V. Speech Outcome in Oral Cancer Patients–Preand Post-operative Evaluation: A Cross-sectional Study. Indian J. Palliat. Care. 2016 Oct;22(4):499.
13. Premalatha S, Tara S. Functional outcomes of speech following combined maxillectomy and mandibulectomy- A case study. Am Head Neck Soc. 2012:22-4.
14. Aramany MA, Downs JA, Beery QC, Aslan Y. Prosthodontic rehabilitation for glossectomy patients. J Prosthet Dent. 1982 Jul 1;48(1):78-81.
15. Hey C, Lange BP, EBERLE S, ZARETSKY Y, SADER R, STÖVER T, WAGENBLAST J. Predictability of oral and laryngopharyngeal function for aspiration and limitation of oral intake in patients after surgery for head and neck cancer. Anticancer Res. 2013 Aug 1;33(8):3347-53.
16. Huang ZS, Chen WL, Huang ZQ, Yang ZH. Dysphagia in tongue cancer patients before and after surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016 Oct 1;74(10):2067-72.
17. Logemann JA, Bytell DE. Swallowing disorders in three types of head and neck surgical patients. Cancer. 1979 Sep;44(3):1095-105.
18. Takahashi M, Hideshima M, Park I, Taniguchi H, Ohyama T. Study of mandibular movements in mandibulectomy patients―Border movements and functional movements during Mastication, Deglutition and Speech. J Med Dent Sci. 1999;46(2):93-103.
19. Dzioba A, Aalto D, Papadopoulos-Nydam G, Seikaly H, Rieger J, Wolfaardt J, Osswald M, Harris JR, O’Connell DA, Lazarus C, Urken M. Functional and quality of life outcomes after partial glossectomy: a multi-institutional longitudinal study of the head and neck research network. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Dec;46(1):1-11.
20. Dholam KP, Sadashiva KM, Gurav S. Study of Quality of Life in Patients with Soft Tissue Reconstruction Following Mandibulectomy. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2019 Jun;18(2):266-72.
21. Kempster GB, Gerratt BR, Abbott KV, Barkmeier-Kraemer J, Hillman RE. Consensus auditoryperceptual evaluation of voice: development of a standardized clinical protocol. Am J Speech Lang Pathol, 2009;18(2):124-132.
22. Hirano M. Psycho-acoustic evaluation of voice. Clinical examination of voice. Wien: SpringerVerlag, 1981; Print.
23. Deepa A. Savithri SR. Re-standardization of Kannada articulation test. Student research at AIISH (Articles based on dissertation done at AIISH). 2010;8:53-5.
24. Henningsson G, Kuehn DP, Sell D, Sweeney T, Trost-Cardamone JE, Whitehill TL. Universal parameters for reporting speech outcomes in individuals with cleft palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2008 Jan;45(1):1-7
25. S J Hassan, E A Weymuller Jr. Assessment of quality of life in head and neck cancer patients. Head neck. 1993 Nov;15(6):485-96.
26. Ayoub MR, Larrouy-Maestri P, Morsomme D. The effect of smoking on the fundamental frequency of the speaking voice. J Voice. 2019 Sep 1;33(5):802-e11
27. Vieira CA. Speech therapy in total glossectomy: case study. Rev soc bras fonoaudiol. 2011 Dec;16(4):479-82.
28. Kalfuss HW. Analysis of the Speech of the Glossectomee. Wayne State University; 1968.
29. Pauloski BR, Logemann JA, Rademaker AW, McConnel FM, Heiser MA, Cardinale S, Shedd D, Lewin J, Baker SR, Graner D, Cook B. Speech and swallowing function after anterior tongue and floor of mouth resection with distal flap reconstruction. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1993 Apr;36(2):267-76
30. Burtet ML, Grando LJ, Mituuti CT. Swallowing and speech of patients submitted to glossectomy due to tongue cancer: cases report. Audiol Commun Res. 2020;25.
31. Kazi R, Johnson C, Prasad V, De Cordova J, Venkitaraman R, Nutting CM, Clarke P, Evans PR, Harrington KJ. Quality of life outcome measures following partial glossectomy: Assessment using the UW-QOL scale. J Cancer Res Ther. 2008 Jul 1;4(3):116.

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[if 424 not_equal=”Regular Issue”] Regular Issue[/if 424] Open Access Article

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Editors Overview

rrjos maintains an Editorial Board of practicing researchers from around the world, to ensure manuscripts are handled by editors who are experts in the field of study.

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    By  [foreach 286]n

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    Gang-Ho Jong, Hak-Bom Han, Hui-Chol Kang

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  1. Researcher, Researcher, Researcher,Department of Medicine, Pyongyang Medical University, Department of Medicine, Pyongyang Medical University, Department of Medicine, Pyongyang Medical University,Pyongyang, Pyongyang, Pyongyang,Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
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Abstract

nGlossectomy and mandibulectomy are one of the most common surgical procedures carried out to remove oral tumors. To date, only a few studies have been published regarding the functional outcomes in an individual who have undergone both glossectomy and mandibulectomy. It is important to document detailed changes in speech subsystems, swallowing, and QoL. As a result, the current study focuses on the nature of speech impairment, swallowing difficulties, and quality of life in a 58- year-old man who had a malignant oral tumour and had hemiglossectomy and segmental mandibulectomy. A detailed speech evaluation (perceptual and objective), oral peripheral mechanism examination (OPME) along with swallowing and quality of life evaluation was carried out. Oromotor functions were found to be severely affected. Speech evaluation indicated the presence of misarticulations, compensatory articulation errors, and affected voice quality and prosody, ultimately affecting the understandability as well as acceptability of speech. A moderate degree of dysphagia was also identified during the swallowing evaluation. The ‘health-related QoL of the patient compared to the month before the development of cancer’ was somewhat worse, whereas the ‘healthrelated QoL during the last 7 days’ was fair, furthermore, the overall ‘QoL during the past 7 days’ was reported to be good. This knowledge is frequently applied to rehabilitation, employment, community participation, and to make family members aware of their role in the betterment of an individual with glossectomy or mandibulectomy.n

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Keywords: Facial filler, Hyaluronic acid, Facial fold, Botulinum toxin, HA and BTX-A

n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Research & Reviews : Journal of Surgery(rrjos)]

n[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Research & Reviews : Journal of Surgery(rrjos)] [/if 424]

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References

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1. Al-Hebshi NN, Borgnakke WS, Johnson NW. The microbiome of oral squamous cell carcinomas: a functional perspective. Curr Oral Health Rep. 2019 Jun;6(2):145-60.
2. Laaksonen JP, Loewen IJ, Wolfaardt J, Rieger J, Seikaly H, Harris J. Speech After Tongue Reconstruction and Use of a Palatal Augmentation Prosthesis: An acoustic case study. Can J Speech Lang Pathol Audiol. 2009 Dec 1;33(4):196-203.
3. Meyerson MD, Johnson BH, Weitzman RS. Rehabilitation of a patient with complete mandibulectomy and partial glossectomy. Am J Otolaryngol. 1980 May 1;1(3):256-61.
4. Naik PV, Zacharia T, Kuniyil JG. Speech characteristics and swallowing functions postsegmental mandibulectomy. Arch Med Health Sci. 2013 Jul 1;1(2):148.
5. Nargozian C. The airway in patients with craniofacial abnormalities. Paediatr Anaesth. 2004 Jan;14(1):53-9.
6. Knuuttila H, Pukander J, Määttä T, Pakarinen L, Vilkman E. Speech articulation after subtotal glossectomy and reconstruction with a myocutaneous flap. Acta Otolaryngol. 1999 Jan 1;119(5):621-6.
7. Takatsu J, Hanai N, Suzuki H, Yoshida M, Tanaka Y, Tanaka S, Hasegawa Y, Yamamoto M. Phonologic and acoustic analysis of speech following glossectomy and the effect of rehabilitation on speech outcomes. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Jul 1;75(7):1530-41.
8. Whitehill TL, Ciocca V, Chan JC, Samman N. Acoustic analysis of vowels following glossectomy. Clin Linguist Phon. 2006 Jan 1;20(2-3):135-40.
9. Krause JC, Braida LD. Acoustic properties of naturally produced clear speech at normal speaking rates. J Acoust. Soc. 2004 Jan;115(1):362-78.
10. Neel AT. Vowel space characteristics and vowel identification accuracy. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008;51(3):574–585.
11. Ghosh SK, Ghosh SK. Conservative mandibular resections for oral cavity malignancies: A review. Nepal Med Coll J. 2010 Jun 1;12(2):119-22.
12. Saravanan G, Ranganathan V, Gandhi A, Jaya V. Speech Outcome in Oral Cancer Patients–Preand Post-operative Evaluation: A Cross-sectional Study. Indian J. Palliat. Care. 2016 Oct;22(4):499.
13. Premalatha S, Tara S. Functional outcomes of speech following combined maxillectomy and mandibulectomy- A case study. Am Head Neck Soc. 2012:22-4.
14. Aramany MA, Downs JA, Beery QC, Aslan Y. Prosthodontic rehabilitation for glossectomy patients. J Prosthet Dent. 1982 Jul 1;48(1):78-81.
15. Hey C, Lange BP, EBERLE S, ZARETSKY Y, SADER R, STÖVER T, WAGENBLAST J. Predictability of oral and laryngopharyngeal function for aspiration and limitation of oral intake in patients after surgery for head and neck cancer. Anticancer Res. 2013 Aug 1;33(8):3347-53.
16. Huang ZS, Chen WL, Huang ZQ, Yang ZH. Dysphagia in tongue cancer patients before and after surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016 Oct 1;74(10):2067-72.
17. Logemann JA, Bytell DE. Swallowing disorders in three types of head and neck surgical patients. Cancer. 1979 Sep;44(3):1095-105.
18. Takahashi M, Hideshima M, Park I, Taniguchi H, Ohyama T. Study of mandibular movements in mandibulectomy patients―Border movements and functional movements during Mastication, Deglutition and Speech. J Med Dent Sci. 1999;46(2):93-103.
19. Dzioba A, Aalto D, Papadopoulos-Nydam G, Seikaly H, Rieger J, Wolfaardt J, Osswald M, Harris JR, O’Connell DA, Lazarus C, Urken M. Functional and quality of life outcomes after partial glossectomy: a multi-institutional longitudinal study of the head and neck research network. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Dec;46(1):1-11.
20. Dholam KP, Sadashiva KM, Gurav S. Study of Quality of Life in Patients with Soft Tissue Reconstruction Following Mandibulectomy. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2019 Jun;18(2):266-72.
21. Kempster GB, Gerratt BR, Abbott KV, Barkmeier-Kraemer J, Hillman RE. Consensus auditoryperceptual evaluation of voice: development of a standardized clinical protocol. Am J Speech Lang Pathol, 2009;18(2):124-132.
22. Hirano M. Psycho-acoustic evaluation of voice. Clinical examination of voice. Wien: SpringerVerlag, 1981; Print.
23. Deepa A. Savithri SR. Re-standardization of Kannada articulation test. Student research at AIISH (Articles based on dissertation done at AIISH). 2010;8:53-5.
24. Henningsson G, Kuehn DP, Sell D, Sweeney T, Trost-Cardamone JE, Whitehill TL. Universal parameters for reporting speech outcomes in individuals with cleft palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2008 Jan;45(1):1-7
25. S J Hassan, E A Weymuller Jr. Assessment of quality of life in head and neck cancer patients. Head neck. 1993 Nov;15(6):485-96.
26. Ayoub MR, Larrouy-Maestri P, Morsomme D. The effect of smoking on the fundamental frequency of the speaking voice. J Voice. 2019 Sep 1;33(5):802-e11
27. Vieira CA. Speech therapy in total glossectomy: case study. Rev soc bras fonoaudiol. 2011 Dec;16(4):479-82.
28. Kalfuss HW. Analysis of the Speech of the Glossectomee. Wayne State University; 1968.
29. Pauloski BR, Logemann JA, Rademaker AW, McConnel FM, Heiser MA, Cardinale S, Shedd D, Lewin J, Baker SR, Graner D, Cook B. Speech and swallowing function after anterior tongue and floor of mouth resection with distal flap reconstruction. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1993 Apr;36(2):267-76
30. Burtet ML, Grando LJ, Mituuti CT. Swallowing and speech of patients submitted to glossectomy due to tongue cancer: cases report. Audiol Commun Res. 2020;25.
31. Kazi R, Johnson C, Prasad V, De Cordova J, Venkitaraman R, Nutting CM, Clarke P, Evans PR, Harrington KJ. Quality of life outcome measures following partial glossectomy: Assessment using the UW-QOL scale. J Cancer Res Ther. 2008 Jul 1;4(3):116.

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Regular Issue Open Access Article

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Research & Reviews : Journal of Surgery

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[if 344 not_equal=””]ISSN: 2319-3425[/if 344]

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Volume 11
Issue 2
Received September 27, 2021
Accepted February 14, 2022
Published February 21, 2022

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