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Abstract

nIn Bangladesh, the usage of electricity is continuously increasing. Govt. is also trying to increase the electricity production by installing new power plants to meet the additional power demands. Most of the power plants are natural gas-based, coal-based or nuclear power-based. Considering the greenhouse effect; solar power plants could be one of the best solutions to meet the additional power demands as well as it has a lot of financial and environmental benefits. In this paper, modeling and analysis of a 100 kWp PV solar plant using PVsyst software will be discussed briefly. Important factors such as required area, the performance ratio of the arrays, total energy production per year and losses will also be discussed.n

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1. R. Klyuev, O. Gavrina and M. Madaeva. “”Benefits of Solar Power Plants for Energy Supply to Consumers in Mountain Territories,”” 2019 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (Far East Con). 1-4 October 2019; Vladivostok, Russia. US: IEEE Publisher; 2019. 1-6 p, doi: 10.1109/FarEastCon.2019.8934222.
2. T. Kouyama, N. Imamoglu, M. Imai and R. Nakamura. “”Verifying Rapid Increasing of Mega- Solar PV Power Plants in Japan by Applying a CNN-Based Classification Method to Satellite Images””. IGARSS 2020 – 2020 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. 26 September- 2 October 2020; Waikoloa, HI, USA. US: IEEE Publisher;2021. 4104-4107 p. doi: 10.1109/IGARSS39084.2020.9324469.
3. “Power Generation Units (Fuel Type Wise),” Bangladesh Power Development Board. [Online]. Available: https://bd.bpdb.gov.bd/bpdb_new/index.php/site/power_generation_unit. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2022].
4. S. Hossain, M. M. Rahman. Solar Energy Prospects in Bangladesh: Target and Current Status. Energy and Power Engineering. August 2021; 13(8): 322-332. doi: 10.4236/epe.2021.138022.
5. Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Salazar, Trevor Kirsten, Lubos Prchlik, Review of the operational flexibility and emissions of gas- and coal-fired power plants in a future with growing renewables, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. February 2018; 82(1): 1497-1513.
6. Rathore, Neelam, Panwar, N.L., Yettou, Fatiha, Gama, Amor. A Comprehensive review on different types of solar photovoltaic cells and their applications. International Journal of Ambient Energy. March 2019; 42(10): 1200-1217. 10.1080/01430750.2019.1592774.
7. Narayanan, T. Kaipia and J. Partanen. “”Economic benefits of photovoltaic-based systems for residential customers participating in open electricity markets””. 2016 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe). 9-12 October 2016; Ljubljana, Slovenia. US: IEEE Publisher; 2017. 1-6 p, doi: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2016.7856298.
8. K. Neumeister. “10 most efficient solar panels of 2022,” Eco Watch, 01-Feb-2022. [Online]. Available from: https://www.ecowatch.com/most-efficient-solar-panels-2653275099.html. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2022].
9. J. Svarc, “Most efficient solar panels 2022,” CLEAN ENERGY REVIEWS, 03-Feb-2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.cleanenergyreviews.info/blog/most-efficient-solar-panels. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2022].
10. Solar Reviews. (2nd February 2022) “The complete review of Rec Solar Panels for 2022”., 05- Feb-2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.solarreviews.com/blog/rec-solar-panels-complete- review. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2022].
11. C. P. Kandasamy, P. Prabu and K. Niruba. “”Solar potential assessment using PVSYST software,”” 2013 International Conference on Green Computing, Communication and Conservation of Energy (ICGCE). 12-14 December 2013; Chennai, India. US: IEEE Publisher; 2014. 667-672p. doi: 10.1109/ICGCE.2013.6823519.
12. M. Satish, S. Santhosh and A. Yadav, “”Simulation of a Dubai based 200 KW power plant using PVsyst Software,”” 2020 7th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN). 27-28 February 2020; Noida, India. US: IEEE Publisher. 2020; 824-827 p. doi: 10.1109/SPIN48934.2020.9071135.

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Journal of Power Electronics and Power Systems

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nThe ability of FACTs devices to control phase angle, bus voltages and line impedance in transmission line is what make it capable of controlling power flow. In this paper, we have studied one of most effective FACTS device known as UPFC. Analysis under the contingency is done using 10 bus system and contingency condition is being introduced in three-phase, delta-delta connected transformer i.e. one base is damaged or accidently opened. Now, it got changed to open delta connection. The open delta transformer still continues to operate as a three-phase bank with decreased rating. The rating of three phase bank then becomes 57.7% of that of actual bank. But power which was flowing earlier through the original transformer bank is much above the new rating of the transformer, which could damage three phase transformer and eventually make system unstable. So, to solve this problem we introduced Unified power flow controller (UPFC) in the system. UPFC controls the power at all buses in power system and keeps power under normal level. After simulating the system with and without UPFC, it clearly showed the effect in form of power reduction below new rating. UPFC regulated the power not only in the area where it was connected but in the whole power system.n

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1. Samina Elyas Mubeen, R. K. Nema, Gayatri Agnihotri, Power Flow Control with UPFC in Power Transmission System. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering.2008; 2(11) :2507-2511.
2. N. G. Hingorani, L. Gyugyi. Understanding FACTS Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems. IEEE Press, WileyInterscience Publication; 1999.
3. L. Gyugyi. A Unified Power Flow Controller Concept for Flexible AC Transmission System””, Fifth International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission.: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. April 1995; 10(2):1085-1097.
4. Alsammak, Ahmed & Adnan, Hasan & Mohammed,. (2018). A Literature Review on the Unified Power Flow Controller UPFC. International Journal of Computer Applications. August 2018; 182(12): 0975 – 8887.
5. Hingorani, N. G., & Gyugyi, L. Understanding FACTS concepts and Technology of Flexible AC transmission systems. New York: IEEE Press; 2000;
6. Mailah, Nashiren & Bashi, S.. Single Phase Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC): Simulation and Construction. European Journal of Scientific Research. 2009; 30.670-676.
7. K.R Padiyar FACTS Controllers in Power Transmission and Distribution. Anshan: 2007.
8. Sandeep Sharma and Shelly Vadhera, “Enhancement of Power Transfer Capability of Interconnected Power System Using UPFC”, International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering.2016; 4(3).
9. K. Gaurav and N. Saxena, “Power Quality improvement using UPFC,” International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering. 2013;2(2):30-33.
10. Martinez-Lacañina, Pedro Jose & Marano-Marcolini, Alejandro & Martinez-Ramos, Jose. (2014). DCOPF contingency analysis including phase shifting transformers. Proceedings – 2014 Power Systems Computation Conference, PSCC 2014. 10.1109/PSCC.2014.7038442.
11. V. J. Mishra and M. D. Khardenvis, “Contingency analysis of power system,” 2012 IEEE Students’ Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science, 2012, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/SCEECS.2012.6184751.
12. Mathwork (2020.) simscape electrical[online]. https://in.mathworks.com/help/physmod/ sps/ug/upfc/detailed-model.html;jsessionid=335a7d8eef66ce65eabe88852115.

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