JoAEST

An Overview of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems

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u00a0Udit Sahai,

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nAbstract

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Long-term evaluation and analysis of several factors should be done to propose a full-phase power generation system based on renewable energy sources. An accurate assessment of the potentially available resources should be done like measuring solar irradiation, wind speed, etc. We are designing a hybrid system where hybridization methods entirely consist of renewable energy sources—specifically solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, and gravity systems. Wind and solar are among the popular renewable resources used all over the world. The systems installed for village electrification in the village school of load 60-watt DC LOAD, it is a further hybrid with coupling system and wind power harnessing system. This paper presents a new method for connecting renewable energy sources.

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Volume :u00a0u00a012 | Issue :u00a0u00a01 | Received :u00a0u00a0May 13, 2021 | Accepted :u00a0u00a0May 27, 2021 | Published :u00a0u00a0May 31, 2021n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies(joaest)] [/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue An Overview of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems under section in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies(joaest)] [/if 424]
Keywords Renewable energy, hybrid energy, solar, wind, gravity, battery, DC load

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References

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1. Bhandari B, Lee KT, Lee C Sunyong, Song C-K, Maskey RK, Ahn SH. A novel off-grid hybrid power system comprised of solar photovoltaic, wind, and hydro energy sources. Appl Energy. 2014;133:236-42. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.07.033.
2. Store D, Stan A, Visa I, Store I. Modeling and control of variable speed wind turbine equipped with PMSG; 2011.
3. Chedid RB, Karaki SH, El-Chamali C. Adaptive fuzzy control for wind-diesel weak power systems. Energy Convers, IEEE, Trans. 2000;15:71-8.
4. Misak S, Prokop L. Off-grid power systems. In: Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC) 9th international conference on 2010; 2010. p. 14-7.
5. Nema P, Nema RK, Rangnekar S. A current and future state of art development of hybrid energy system using wind and PV-solar: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2009;13(8):2096-103. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2008.10.006.
6. Soetedjo A, Lomi A, Mulayanto WP. Modeling of the wind energy system with MPPT control. In: Electrical engineering and informatics (ICEEI), 2011 international conference in 2011. p. 1-6.
7. Adzic E, Ivanovic Z, Adzic M, Katic V. Maximum power search in wind turbine based on fuzzy logic control. Acta Polytech Hung. 2009;6:131-49.
8. Swati Negi, Lini Mathew. Hybrid Renewable Energy System: A Review. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering. January 2018;7(1):73-77.
9. Yang HX, Lu L, Burnett J Weather data and probability analysis of hybrid photovoltaic–wind power generation systems in Hong Kong. Renew Energy. 2003;28(11):1813-24. doi: 10.1016/S0960-1481(03)00015-6.
10. Al-Ashwal AM, Moghram IS. Proportion assessment of combined PV–wind generating systems. Renew Energy. 1997;10(1):43-51. doi: 10.1016/0960-1481(96)00011-0.
11. Agbossou K, Kolhe M, Hamelin J, Bose TK. Performance of a standalone renewable energy system based on energy storage as hydrogen. IEEE Trans Energy Convers. Sep 2004;19(3):633-40. doi: 10.1109/TEC.2004.827719.
12. Maghraby HAM, Shwehdi MH, Al-Bassam GK. Probabilistic assessment of photovoltaic (PV) generation systems. IEEE Trans Power Syst. 2002;17(1):205-8. doi: 10.1109/59.982215.
13. Dufo-López R, Bernal-Agustín JL. Design and control strategies of PV–diesel systems using genetic algorithms. Sol Energy. 2005;79(1):33-46. doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2004.10.004.
14. Valente LCG, de Almeida SCAD. Economic analysis of a diesel/photovoltaic hybrid system for decentralized power generation in northern Brazil. Energy. 1998;23(4):317-23. doi: 10.1016/S0360-5442(97)00094-7.

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[if 424 not_equal=”Regular Issue”] Regular Issue[/if 424] Open Access Article

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Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies

ISSN: 2230-7982

Editors Overview

joaest maintains an Editorial Board of practicing researchers from around the world, to ensure manuscripts are handled by editors who are experts in the field of study.

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    By  [foreach 286]n

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    Udit Sahai

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  1. Student,Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University,Uttar Pradesh,India
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Abstract

nLong-term evaluation and analysis of several factors should be done to propose a full-phase power generation system based on renewable energy sources. An accurate assessment of the potentially available resources should be done like measuring solar irradiation, wind speed, etc. We are designing a hybrid system where hybridization methods entirely consist of renewable energy sources—specifically solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, and gravity systems. Wind and solar are among the popular renewable resources used all over the world. The systems installed for village electrification in the village school of load 60-watt DC LOAD, it is a further hybrid with coupling system and wind power harnessing system. This paper presents a new method for connecting renewable energy sources.n

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Keywords: Renewable energy, hybrid energy, solar, wind, gravity, battery, DC load

n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies(joaest)]

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References

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1. Bhandari B, Lee KT, Lee C Sunyong, Song C-K, Maskey RK, Ahn SH. A novel off-grid hybrid power system comprised of solar photovoltaic, wind, and hydro energy sources. Appl Energy. 2014;133:236-42. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.07.033.
2. Store D, Stan A, Visa I, Store I. Modeling and control of variable speed wind turbine equipped with PMSG; 2011.
3. Chedid RB, Karaki SH, El-Chamali C. Adaptive fuzzy control for wind-diesel weak power systems. Energy Convers, IEEE, Trans. 2000;15:71-8.
4. Misak S, Prokop L. Off-grid power systems. In: Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC) 9th international conference on 2010; 2010. p. 14-7.
5. Nema P, Nema RK, Rangnekar S. A current and future state of art development of hybrid energy system using wind and PV-solar: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2009;13(8):2096-103. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2008.10.006.
6. Soetedjo A, Lomi A, Mulayanto WP. Modeling of the wind energy system with MPPT control. In: Electrical engineering and informatics (ICEEI), 2011 international conference in 2011. p. 1-6.
7. Adzic E, Ivanovic Z, Adzic M, Katic V. Maximum power search in wind turbine based on fuzzy logic control. Acta Polytech Hung. 2009;6:131-49.
8. Swati Negi, Lini Mathew. Hybrid Renewable Energy System: A Review. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering. January 2018;7(1):73-77.
9. Yang HX, Lu L, Burnett J Weather data and probability analysis of hybrid photovoltaic–wind power generation systems in Hong Kong. Renew Energy. 2003;28(11):1813-24. doi: 10.1016/S0960-1481(03)00015-6.
10. Al-Ashwal AM, Moghram IS. Proportion assessment of combined PV–wind generating systems. Renew Energy. 1997;10(1):43-51. doi: 10.1016/0960-1481(96)00011-0.
11. Agbossou K, Kolhe M, Hamelin J, Bose TK. Performance of a standalone renewable energy system based on energy storage as hydrogen. IEEE Trans Energy Convers. Sep 2004;19(3):633-40. doi: 10.1109/TEC.2004.827719.
12. Maghraby HAM, Shwehdi MH, Al-Bassam GK. Probabilistic assessment of photovoltaic (PV) generation systems. IEEE Trans Power Syst. 2002;17(1):205-8. doi: 10.1109/59.982215.
13. Dufo-López R, Bernal-Agustín JL. Design and control strategies of PV–diesel systems using genetic algorithms. Sol Energy. 2005;79(1):33-46. doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2004.10.004.
14. Valente LCG, de Almeida SCAD. Economic analysis of a diesel/photovoltaic hybrid system for decentralized power generation in northern Brazil. Energy. 1998;23(4):317-23. doi: 10.1016/S0360-5442(97)00094-7.

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Regular Issue Open Access Article

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[if 344 not_equal=””]ISSN: 2230-7982[/if 344]

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Volume 12
Issue 1
Received May 13, 2021
Accepted May 27, 2021
Published May 31, 2021

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JoAEST

Adoption of Energy Mix Research and its Applications for Addressing the Current Energy Crisis in Nigeria

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By [foreach 286]u00a0

u00a0Oluwadare Joshua Oyebode,

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nJanuary 9, 2023 at 6:54 am

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nAbstract

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Application of outputs from energy mix research is the way forward for national economic growth and sustainable energy in Nigeria. This paper examines the applications of energy mix research as a special tool for addressing the present energy crisis in Nigeria. The methodology used includes secondary data, opinions from experts, personal observations and previous records. Issues linked present system, appraisal of benefits and strategies for the way forward were highlighted. Energy demand is far more than the supply of energy in Nigeria. Findings reveal that there is a need for strategic synergy between industries and academia to solve the current energy crisis in Nigeria. Multidisciplinary research on energy mix with adequate collaboration from industries and academics has not been fully adopted and integrated into the energy sector. It has been concluded that the current energy crisis can be tackled through energy mix research and its applications. This will bring industrialization, job creation, wealth to the nation, employment opportunities and capacity building in the energy sector. Periodic retraining for engineers in the energy sector, adequate financing, capability building, support efforts, and effective application of policies and regulations will yield great benefits.

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Volume :u00a0u00a013 | Issue :u00a0u00a02 | Received :u00a0u00a0May 20, 2022 | Accepted :u00a0u00a0May 29, 2022 | Published :u00a0u00a0June 6, 2022n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies(joaest)] [/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue Adoption of Energy Mix Research and its Applications for Addressing the Current Energy Crisis in Nigeria under section in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies(joaest)] [/if 424]
Keywords Energy mix research, Applications, Economic growth, Technological innovations, Energy crisis

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References

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1. Adewuyi OB, Kiptoo MK, Afolayan AF, et al. (2020) Challenges and prospects of Nigeria’s sustainable energy transition. Energy Rep 6: 993–1009. doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2020.04.022.
2. Ajayi O.O. and O.O. Ajayi, “Nigeria’s energy policy: Inferences, analysis and legal ethics toward RE development,” Energy Policy, vol. 60, pp. 61–67, 2013.
3. Akinyele, D., Babatunde, O., Monyei, C., Olatomiwa, L., Okediji, A., Ighravwe, D., & Temikotan, K. (2019). Possibility of solar thermal power generation technologies in Nigeria: Challenges and policy directions. Renewable Energy Focus, 29, 24–41.
4. Akorede, M.F., Ibrahim, O., Amuda, S.A., Otuoze, A.O., & Olufeagba, B.J. (2017). Current status and outlook of renewable energy development in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Technology, 36(1), 196–212.
5. Poudyal, R., Loskot, P., Nepal, R., Parajuli, R., & Khadka, S.K. (2019). Mitigating the current energy crisis in Nepal with renewable energy sources. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 116, 109388.
6. Roche MY, Verolme H, Agbaegbu C, et al. (2020) Achieving sustainable development goals in Nigeria’s power sector: Assessment of transition pathways. Clim Policy 20: 846-865. doi: 10.1080/14693062.2019.1661818.
7. Aliyu, A.S., Dada, J.O., & Adam, I.K. (2015). Current status and future prospects of renewable energy in Nigeria. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 48, 336–346.
8. Bugaje, I.M. (2006). Renewable energy for sustainable development in Africa: a review. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 10(6), 603–612.
9. Kennedy-Darling, J., Hoyt, N., Murao, K., & Ross, A. (2008). The energy crisis of Nigeria: an overview and implications for the future. The University of Chicago, Chicago, 775–784.
10. Oyebode, O.J. (2019). Impacts of Civil Engineering Infrastructures in the Sustainability of the Environment. In paper published in the conference proceedings of 17th International Conference and AGM tagged “PEACE 2019” by the Nigerian Institution of Civil Engineers (NICE).
11. Oyebode, O.J. Green Building: Imperative Panacea for Environmental Sustainability and Life Cycle Construction in Nigeria. World Journal of Research and Review, 7(3), 262584.
12. Oyebode, O.J. (2018). Evaluation of municipal solid waste management for improved public health and environment in Nigeria. European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology, 5(8), 525–534.
13. Shaaban, M., & Petinrin, J.O. (2014). Renewable energy potentials in Nigeria: Meeting rural energy needs. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 29, 72–84.
14. Coyle, E.D., & Simmons, R.A. (2014). Understanding the global energy crisis. Purdue University Press. Essex, B., Koop, S.H.A., & Van Leeuwen, C.J. (2020). Proposal for a national blueprint framework to monitor progress on water-related sustainable development goals in Europe. Environmental management, 65(1), 1–18.
15. Sambo, A.S. “The Challenges of Sustainable Energy Development in Nigeria” presented at the paper presented at the Nigerian Society of Engineers Forum, ShehuYar’AduaCentre, Abuja, Nigeria, 2009.
16. Olatunji, O., Akinlabi, S., Oluseyi, A., Abioye, A., Ishola, F., Peter, M., & Madushele, N. (2018, September). Electric power crisis in Nigeria: A strategic call for change of focus to renewable sources. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 413, No. 1, p. 012053). IOP Publishing.
17. Oyedepo, S.O. (2012). Energy and sustainable development in Nigeria: the way forward. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 2(1), 1–17.
18. Zou C, Zhao Q, Zhang G, et al. (2016) Energy revolution: From a fossil fuel energy era to a new energy era. Nat Gas Ind B 3: 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.ngib.2016.02.001.
19. Maji IK (2015) Does clean energy contribute to economic growth? Evidence from Nigeria. Energy Rep 1: 145-150. doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2015.06.001.
20. Okafor, C., Madu, C., Ajaero, C., Ibekwe, J., Bebenimibo, H., & Nzekwe, C. (2021). Moving beyond fossil fuel in an oil-exporting and emerging economy: Paradigm shift. AIMS Energy, 9(2), 379–413.

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[if 424 not_equal=”Regular Issue”] Regular Issue[/if 424] Open Access Article

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Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies

ISSN: 2230-7982

Editors Overview

joaest maintains an Editorial Board of practicing researchers from around the world, to ensure manuscripts are handled by editors who are experts in the field of study.

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    By  [foreach 286]n

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    Oluwadare Joshua Oyebode

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  1. Civil and Environmental Engineering,Afe Babalola University,Ekiti State,Nigeria
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Abstract

nApplication of outputs from energy mix research is the way forward for national economic growth and sustainable energy in Nigeria. This paper examines the applications of energy mix research as a special tool for addressing the present energy crisis in Nigeria. The methodology used includes secondary data, opinions from experts, personal observations and previous records. Issues linked present system, appraisal of benefits and strategies for the way forward were highlighted. Energy demand is far more than the supply of energy in Nigeria. Findings reveal that there is a need for strategic synergy between industries and academia to solve the current energy crisis in Nigeria. Multidisciplinary research on energy mix with adequate collaboration from industries and academics has not been fully adopted and integrated into the energy sector. It has been concluded that the current energy crisis can be tackled through energy mix research and its applications. This will bring industrialization, job creation, wealth to the nation, employment opportunities and capacity building in the energy sector. Periodic retraining for engineers in the energy sector, adequate financing, capability building, support efforts, and effective application of policies and regulations will yield great benefits.n

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Keywords: Energy mix research, Applications, Economic growth, Technological innovations, Energy crisis

n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies(joaest)]

n[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue under section in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies(joaest)] [/if 424]

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References

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1. Adewuyi OB, Kiptoo MK, Afolayan AF, et al. (2020) Challenges and prospects of Nigeria’s sustainable energy transition. Energy Rep 6: 993–1009. doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2020.04.022.
2. Ajayi O.O. and O.O. Ajayi, “Nigeria’s energy policy: Inferences, analysis and legal ethics toward RE development,” Energy Policy, vol. 60, pp. 61–67, 2013.
3. Akinyele, D., Babatunde, O., Monyei, C., Olatomiwa, L., Okediji, A., Ighravwe, D., & Temikotan, K. (2019). Possibility of solar thermal power generation technologies in Nigeria: Challenges and policy directions. Renewable Energy Focus, 29, 24–41.
4. Akorede, M.F., Ibrahim, O., Amuda, S.A., Otuoze, A.O., & Olufeagba, B.J. (2017). Current status and outlook of renewable energy development in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Technology, 36(1), 196–212.
5. Poudyal, R., Loskot, P., Nepal, R., Parajuli, R., & Khadka, S.K. (2019). Mitigating the current energy crisis in Nepal with renewable energy sources. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 116, 109388.
6. Roche MY, Verolme H, Agbaegbu C, et al. (2020) Achieving sustainable development goals in Nigeria’s power sector: Assessment of transition pathways. Clim Policy 20: 846-865. doi: 10.1080/14693062.2019.1661818.
7. Aliyu, A.S., Dada, J.O., & Adam, I.K. (2015). Current status and future prospects of renewable energy in Nigeria. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 48, 336–346.
8. Bugaje, I.M. (2006). Renewable energy for sustainable development in Africa: a review. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 10(6), 603–612.
9. Kennedy-Darling, J., Hoyt, N., Murao, K., & Ross, A. (2008). The energy crisis of Nigeria: an overview and implications for the future. The University of Chicago, Chicago, 775–784.
10. Oyebode, O.J. (2019). Impacts of Civil Engineering Infrastructures in the Sustainability of the Environment. In paper published in the conference proceedings of 17th International Conference and AGM tagged “PEACE 2019” by the Nigerian Institution of Civil Engineers (NICE).
11. Oyebode, O.J. Green Building: Imperative Panacea for Environmental Sustainability and Life Cycle Construction in Nigeria. World Journal of Research and Review, 7(3), 262584.
12. Oyebode, O.J. (2018). Evaluation of municipal solid waste management for improved public health and environment in Nigeria. European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology, 5(8), 525–534.
13. Shaaban, M., & Petinrin, J.O. (2014). Renewable energy potentials in Nigeria: Meeting rural energy needs. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 29, 72–84.
14. Coyle, E.D., & Simmons, R.A. (2014). Understanding the global energy crisis. Purdue University Press. Essex, B., Koop, S.H.A., & Van Leeuwen, C.J. (2020). Proposal for a national blueprint framework to monitor progress on water-related sustainable development goals in Europe. Environmental management, 65(1), 1–18.
15. Sambo, A.S. “The Challenges of Sustainable Energy Development in Nigeria” presented at the paper presented at the Nigerian Society of Engineers Forum, ShehuYar’AduaCentre, Abuja, Nigeria, 2009.
16. Olatunji, O., Akinlabi, S., Oluseyi, A., Abioye, A., Ishola, F., Peter, M., & Madushele, N. (2018, September). Electric power crisis in Nigeria: A strategic call for change of focus to renewable sources. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 413, No. 1, p. 012053). IOP Publishing.
17. Oyedepo, S.O. (2012). Energy and sustainable development in Nigeria: the way forward. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 2(1), 1–17.
18. Zou C, Zhao Q, Zhang G, et al. (2016) Energy revolution: From a fossil fuel energy era to a new energy era. Nat Gas Ind B 3: 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.ngib.2016.02.001.
19. Maji IK (2015) Does clean energy contribute to economic growth? Evidence from Nigeria. Energy Rep 1: 145-150. doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2015.06.001.
20. Okafor, C., Madu, C., Ajaero, C., Ibekwe, J., Bebenimibo, H., & Nzekwe, C. (2021). Moving beyond fossil fuel in an oil-exporting and emerging economy: Paradigm shift. AIMS Energy, 9(2), 379–413.

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Regular Issue Open Access Article

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[if 344 not_equal=””]ISSN: 2230-7982[/if 344]

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Volume 13
Issue 2
Received May 20, 2022
Accepted May 29, 2022
Published June 6, 2022

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Read More
JoAEST

Wind Energy: Source of power generator

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Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies

ISSN: 2230-7982

Editors Overview

joaest maintains an Editorial Board of practicing researchers from around the world, to ensure manuscripts are handled by editors who are experts in the field of study.

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Open Access

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Special Issue

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n Wind Energy: Source of power generatorn

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Abstract Submission Deadline : November 30, 2023

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Manuscript Submission Deadline : December 25, 2023

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[This article belongs to Special Issue Wind Energy: Source of power generator under section joaest in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies(joaest)] [/if 457]n

n Special Issue Descriptionn

By turning the kinetic energy of moving air into electrical, the wind is used to generate power. Wind drives the rotor blades of contemporary wind turbines, which transform kinetic energy into rotational energy. A shaft that connects the generator to the rotational energy produces electrical energy. In comparison to burning fossil fuels, wind energy is a well-liked, environmentally friendly, renewable energy source. Numerous separate wind turbines connected to the electrical power transmission network make up wind farms. Compared to certain other power plants, onshore wind farms have a more noticeable visual influence on the terrain. Little onshore wind farms can contribute a small amount of energy to the grid or supply remote off-grid. Offshore wind farms have a lower visual effect and produce more energy per installed capacity with fewer swings. Offshore wind generation is growing, even though it is currently less prevalent and has greater construction and maintenance costs. Due to the variable nature of wind energy, power-management strategies are used to balance supply and demand. These strategies include the use of wind hybrid power systems, hydroelectric power, other dispatchable power sources, excess capacity, geographically dispersed turbines, power exporting and importing to nearby regions, and grid storage. The electric-power network can be prepared for the predictable variations in production that take place thanks to weather forecasts. The size of the turbine and the length of its blades determine how much electricity can be generated by the wind. The size of the turbine and the length of its blades determine how much electricity can be generated by the wind. The output is inversely related to the rotor’s size and the square of the wind speed. The wind power potential theoretically increases by a factor of eight when wind speed doubles. A vane on the nacelle is used to position the wind turbines so that they face the direction of the wind. The three major components of the wind turbine will then begin to rotate due to the force of the air currents: The purpose of the rotor, which consists of three blades and a bushing connecting them, is to collect wind energy and transform it into mechanical rotational energy. The multiplier’s job is to raise the rotational speed from 30 revolutions per minute (rpm) to 1500 rpm. It is connected to the engine by a shaft. The generator is the component that transforms rotational mechanical energy into electrical energy.

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Wind Forecasting Categories, Wind Speed Wind rotors and blades – aerodynamics, Aero-elastics, Aero-servo-elasticity, Aero-acoustics, Wakes, Rotor and blade design, Structural and mechanical components modeling and design, Electrical engineering of wind power – electrical components, Power electronics and controls, Generators, Grid connection, Integration and control of wind power plants, Dynamics and control – control algorithms, Sensors, Actuators and load mitigation strategies, Development of resource assessment techniques- prediction, Modeling, Atmospheric Physics, Wind farm planning and Power Forecasting Methods

n Manuscript Submission informationn

Manuscripts should be submitted online via the manuscript Engine. Once you register on APID, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline.n All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the email address:[email protected] for announcement on this website.n Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a Double-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for the submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page.

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2010

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APC

950u00a0 $

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Published articles

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