Abstract

n An investigation to evaluate the impact of a structured educational program on the understanding and implementation of strategies for preventing road traffic accidents among teenagers. Introduction: Accident is an accidental injury, passing or property harm happening in a grouping of occasions. Accidents don’t simply occur; they are neglectfulness, indiscretion, carelessness, and flashing absence of focus. Accidents have turned into a significant reason for dismalness and mortality, particularly among the grown-ups and center. Bike crashes are found in kids underneath the age gathering of 12 years. Numerous sources indicate that adolescents are prone to injuries such as fractures, sprains, and severe wounds. During the school-age years, children cultivate a sense of accomplishment and acquire essential skills that are crucial for their functioning within society. Throughout their school years, coordination improves, and there is an increased sense of balance and rhythm, which allows for subconscious adherence to traffic rules and regulations. It is a research study aimed to evaluate the impact of a structured teaching program on the knowledge and practical application of strategies to prevent road traffic accidents among teenagers. Settings and Design: To ensure congruence with the nature of the issue and the study’s goals, a quantitative research methodology was utilized. The researchers opted for a non-probability convenient sampling technique to select a sample size of 200 undergraduate students for the current investigation. Results: The findings indicated that prior to the intervention, the average knowledge score was 16.72  1.90. However, following the implementation of the intervention, the average knowledge score significantly increased to 30.65  4.86 in the post-test assessment. The calculated paired “t” value was 49.83 which was found to be statistically highly significant at “p” < 0.000 level. In pre-test the mean score of practice was 19.12  1.90, whereas in the post-test the mean score of practice was 21.78  3.76. The calculated paired “t” value was 64.74, which was found to be statistically highly significant at “p” < 0.000 level. Conclusion: The study results demonstrated that the utilization of the Structured Teaching Program effectively improved the knowledge and practice of teenagers.n

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1. Meshram K, Goliya HS. Accident analysis on National Highway-3 between Indore to Dhamnod. Int. J. Appl Innov Eng Manag. 2013; 2 (7): 57–59.
2. Theofilatos A, Yannis G. A review of the effect of traffic and weather characteristics on road safety. Accid Anal Prev. 2021; 72 (2014): 244–256.
3. Abadie A, Diamond A, Hainmueller J. Synthetic control methods for comparative case studies: estimating the effect of California’s Tobacco Control Program. J Am Stat Assoc. 2009; 105:
   493–505.
4. Abadie A, Gardeazabal J. The economic costs of conflict: A case study of the Basque Country. Am Econ Rev. 2003; 93 (1): 113–132. doi: 10.1257/000282803321455188.
5. Abadie A. Semiparametric difference-in-differences estimators. Rev Econ Stud. 2005; 72 (1): 1–19. doi: 10.1111/0034-6527.00321.
6. Abdel-Aty MA, Radwan AE. Modeling traffic accident occurrence and involvement. Accid Anal Prev. 2000; 32 (5): 633–642. doi: 10.1016/s0001-4575(99)00094-9, PMID 10908135.
7. Aguero-Valverde J, Jovanis PP. Spatial analysis of fatal and injury crashes in Pennsylvania. Accid Anal Prev. 2006; 38 (3): 618–625. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2005.12.006, PMID 16451795.
8. Amadori M, Bonino T. A methodology to define the level of safety of public transport bus stops, based on the concept of risk. Soc Behav Sci. 2012; 48: 653–662. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.1043.
9. Amoros E, Martin JL, Laumon B. Comparison of road crashes incidence and severity between some French counties. Accid Anal Prev. 2003; 35 (4): 537–547. doi: 10.1016/s0001-4575(02)00031-3, PMID 12729817.
10. Angrist J, Bettinger E, Kremer M. Long-term educational consequences of secondary school vouchers: evidence from administrative records in Colombia. Am Econ Rev. 2006; 96 (3): 847–862. doi: 10.1257/aer.96.3.847.
11. Augurzky B, Schmidt C. (2000). The propensity score: a means to an end. [Online]. Available at https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/21122/1/dp271.pdf [Accessed on June 2023]
12. Banerjee AV, Cole S, Duflo E, Linden L. Remedying education: evidence from two randomized experiments in India. Q J Econ. 2007; 122 (3): 1235–1264. doi: 10.1162/qjec.122.3.1235.
13. Barnett AG, van der Pols JC, Dobson AJ. Regression to the mean: what it is and how to deal with it. Int J Epidemiol. 2005; 34 (1): 215–220. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyh299, PMID 15333621.
14. Bédard M, Guyatt GH, Stones MJ, Hirdes JP. The independent contribution of driver, crash, and vehicle characteristics to driver fatalities. Accid Anal Prev. 2002; 34 (6): 717–727. doi: 10.1016/s0001-4575(01)00072-0, PMID 12371777.
15. Bitler M, Gelbach J, Hoynes H. (2002). What mean impacts miss: distributional effects of welfare reform experiments. [Online]. Available at https://gspp.berkeley.edu/assets/uploads/research/pdf/
    BGH-AER-2006.pdf [Accessed on June 2023]

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Abstract

n Renal failure is the partial or complete impairment of kidney function. Inability to eliminate metabolic waste products and water, along with functional disruptions in all bodily systems, result in the condition known as renal failure. Renal failure can be categorized as either acute or chronic. Chronic renal failure refers to the gradual and irreversible deterioration of the nephrons in both kidneys. It is characterized by either kidney damage or a glomerular filtration rate below 60 ml/min. The last stage of kidney failure is called as End Stage Renal Disease, which occurs when the glomerular filtration rate is <15 mlmin. Need for the study: Most of patients experience sleep disturbance who had chronic kidney disease. This makes them irritable and anxious, tired, drowsy during day. Nurses should adequately assess and document sleep pattern disturbance in hospitalized patients. There is need of nursing care to improve quality of sleep. Statement of the Problem: “A Descriptive study to assess the Quality of Sleep Among Patients with Chronic Renal Failure at selected hospitals Coimbatore.” Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the sleep quality among the chronic renal failure patients, associate sleep quality with selected demographic variable and clinical variables. Design and Sampling: Descriptive research design research design was used for this study. To choose the samples, a non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. Instruments: Data collection was collected by using the demographic and clinical profile questionnaire; the patients were clearly explained about the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaires Data was collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Discussion: overall sleep quality of patients with chronic renal failure during the data collection period, 13 of patients had the score of 11 to 21 indicated sleep disorder, 27 of patients had the score of 5 to 10 shows poor sleep quality, 10 (24%) of patients had the PQSI Score of <5, which indicated presence of good quality of sleep. Conclusion: The study result showed that most of the chronic renal failure patients having poor quality of sleep.n

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1. Kiuchi MG, Mion D Jr. Chronic kidney disease and risk factors responsible for sudden cardiac death: a whiff of hope? Kidney Res Clin Pract. 2016; 35 (1): 3–9. doi: 10.1016/j.krcp.2015.11.003. PMID 27069851, PMCID PMC4811986.
2. Ignatavicius DD. Clinical decision-making study guide for medical-surgical nursing-revised reprint: patient-centered collaborative care (old edition). Philadelphia, PA, USA: 7th ed; 2013.
3. Chester JG, Rudolph JL. Vital signs in older patients: age-related changes. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2011; 12 (5): 337–343. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2010.04.009. PMID 21450180, PMCID PMC3102151.
4. Wilkinson JM, Treas LS, Barnett KL, Smith MH. Fundamentals of nursing. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA, USA: F A Davis Company; 2016.
5. Duo L, Lan H, Reynolds DJ, Gunderson TM, Kashyap R, Gajic O et al. Association between obstructive sleep apnea and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: a propensity-matched study. Nephron. 2017; 135 (2): 137–146.
6. Elias RM, Bradley TD, Kasai T, Motwani SS, Chan Rostral overnight fluid shift in end-stage renal disease: relationship with obstructive sleep apnea. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2012; 27 (4): 5569–5573.
7. Fonseca NT, Urbano JJ, Nacif SR, Silva AS, Peixoto RA, Urbano GJ, et al. A systematic review of sleep disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016; 28 (7): 2164–2170. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.2164, PMID 27512289.
8. Zoccali C, Mallamaci F, Tripepi G. Novel cardiovascular risk factors in end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004; 15 (Suppl 1): S77–S80. doi: 10.1097/01.asn.0000093240.84097.fe, PMID 14684678.
9. Ponngeon O, Chaunchaiyakul R, Vareesangthip K, Lumlertgul D, Nakum S, Jalayondeja W. Home-based walking program increases leg muscle strength in hemodialysis patients. J Phys Ther Sci. 2011; 23 (2):345–34 doi: 10.1589/jpts.23.345.
10. Silva LC, Marinho PÉ. Knowledge among nephrologists about the importance of exercise in the intradialytic period. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015; 27 (9): 2991–2994. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.2991, PMID 26504342.

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Abstract

n Stress is a natural response of your body to any type of demand, whether it is a positive or negative experience. When individuals experience stress due to external factors, their bodies release chemicals into the bloodstream, which can be beneficial if the stress is caused by physical danger. However, if the stress is a result of an emotional situation and there is no way to channel this additional energy and strength, it can become detrimental. Therefore, the researcher conducted a study to evaluate the degree of stress and the coping mechanisms employed by students preparing for a common entrance test. The study aimed to evaluate the stress level and coping mechanisms among students getting ready for a common entrance test and, therefore, utilized a survey method. The sample size was determined with the help of an open epi software system (sample size for frequency in a population). The determined sample size was 80 at 95% confidence interval. Further 5% attrition rate was considered hence the final sample size was 85. The sample size for t study was 85.n

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1. British Red Cross. Understanding and dealing with stress. Available online at: https://www.redcross.org.uk/get-help/get-help-with-loneliness/wellbeing-support/understanding-dealing-stress
2. Sahoo S, Khess CR. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among young male adults in India: a dimensional and categorical diagnosis-based study. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2010; 198 (12): 901–90 doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181fe75dc.
3. Clarke School. (n.d.). Mental health and well- Available at https://clarkeroad.tvdsb.ca/en/students/mental-health-and-well-being.aspx
4. Patel V, Ramasundarahettige C, Vijayakumar L, Thakur JS, Gajalakshmi V, Gururaj G et al. Suicide mortality in India: a nationally representative survey. Lancet. 2012; 379 (9834): 2343–2351. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60606-0, PMID 22726517.
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   Mental%20Health%20Services%20NASSP%20Sept%202006.pdf[Accessed on June 2023]
7. Rao AS. Academic stress and adolescent distress: the experiences of 12th standard students in Chennai India. [Online] University of Arizona. Available at https://repository.arizona.edu/
   bitstream/handle/10150/194424/azu_etd_2943_sip1_m.pdf?sequence=1 [Accessed on June 2023]
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   org/publicaciones/Mentalhealthpromotionyoungpeople.pdf [Accessed on June 2023]
9. Eells G, Marchhell T, Rikert J, Dittman S. A public health approach to campus mental health promotion and suicide prevention. Harv Health Policy Rev. 2012: Spring (13): 3–
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12. Pardeshi N. Emotional disturbances among adolescent students preparing for common entrance test in selected coaching classes of Mumbai city. Indian J Appl Res. 2014; 6: 444–447.
13. Matthew CP, Stress and coping strategies among college, students. IOSR J Humanit Soc Sci. 2017; 22 (8): 40–44.
14. Bataineh MZ. Academic stress among undergraduate students: the case of education faculty at King Saud University. Int Interdiscip J Educ. 2013; 2 (1): 82–88. doi: 10.12816/0002919.
15. Ray A, Halder S, Goswami N. Academic career development stress and mental health of higher secondary students of an Indian perspective. Int J Educ Psychol. 2012; 1 (3): 257–277.
16. Hsieh HF, Zimmerman MA, Xue Y, Bauermeister JA, Caldwell CH, Wang Z et al. Stress, active coping, and problem behaviors among Chinese adolescents. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2014; 84 (4): 364–376. doi: 10.1037/h0099845, PMID 24999522.
17. Tran A, Nehl EJ, Sales J, Berg CJ. Problem drinking behaviors: differential effects of stress and school type on college students. Open J Prev Med. 2014; 4 (4): 216–221. doi: 10.4236/ojpm.
    44027, PMID 24999445.
18. Lee Y. The relationship of spiritual well-being and involvement with depression and perceived stress in Korean nursing students. Glob J Health Sci. 2014; 6 (4): 169–176. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n4p169, PMID 24999141.
19. Labrague LJ. Stress and coping strategies among nursing students. J Ment Health. 2016.
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22. Gerber M, Brand S, Herrmann C, Colledge F, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Pühse U. Increased objectively assessed vigorous-intensity exercise is associated with reduced stress, increased mental health and good objective and subjective sleep in young adults. Physiol Behav. 2014; 135 (August): 17–24. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.05.047, PMID 24905432.
23. Goodwin RD, Grinberg A, Shapiro J, Keith D, McNeil MP, Taha F et al. Hookah use among college students: prevalence, drug use, and mental health. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2014; 141: 16–20. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.04.024, PMID 24882367.
24. Baeza-Velasco C. Increased tobacco and alcohol use among women with joint hypermobility: a way to cope with anxiety. Rheumatol Int. 2015; 35 (1): 171–181.
25. Clark CM, Nguyen DT, Barbosa-Leiker C. Student perceptions of stress coping, relationships, and academic civility: a longitudinal study. Nurse Educ. 2014; 39 (4): 170–174. doi: 10.1097/NNE.0000000000000049, PMID 24813939.
26. Abdel Rahman AG, Al Hashim BN, Al Hiji NK, Al-Abbad Z. Stress among medical Saudi Students at college of medicine, King Faisal University. J Prev Med Hyg. 2013;54(4):195–19 PMID 24779279.
27. Lester D. College student Stressors, depression, and suicidal ideation. Psychol Rep. 2014; 114 (1): 293–296. doi: 10.2466/12.02.PR0.114k10w7, PMID 24765726.
28. Al-Daghri NM, Al-Othmsn A, Al-AttasOs AKM, AlokailMs AA, Sabico S, Chrousos GP et al. Stress and cardiometabolic manifestations among Saudi students entering universities: a cross-sectional observational study. BMC Public Health. 2014; 14: 391. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-391. Pub<. PMID 24755010, PMCID PMC3998220.
29. Zhao FF, Lei XL, He W, GU YH, Li DW. The study of perceived stress, coping strategy and self-efficacy of Chinese undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice. Int J Nurs Pract. 2015; 21 (4): 401–40 doi: 10.1111/ijn.12273.
30. Muge CO. The effects of stress management training program on perceived stress, self-efficacy and coping styles of university students. [Online] Middle East Technical University. Available at https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=67bdfcf793411535a90645aa3ab68608747f7b1a [Accessed on June 2023]
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34. Varvogli L, Darviri C. Stress management techniques evidenced-based procedures that reduce stress and promote health. Health Sci J. 2011; 5 (2): 74–89.
35. Bennett MP, Lengacher C. Humour and laughter may influence may influence health: III. laughter and health outcomes. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008;5(1):37– doi: 10.1093/ecam/nem041PMCID, PMCID 2249748.
36. Brown RP, Gerbarg PL. Yoga breathing, meditations, and longevity. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009; 1172: 54–62. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04394.x, PMID 19735239.
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    ObO13e3182906862. PMID 23609463.
39. Iglesias SL, Azzara S, Argibay JC, Arnaiz ML, De Valle Carpineta M, Granchetti H et al. Psychological and physiological response of students to different types of stress management programs. Am J Health Promot. 2012;26(6):e149–e1 doi: 10.4278/ajhp.110516-QUAL-199, PMID 22747323.
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n Infertility has been described as a stressor and a life crisis for infertile women, which results in a lower marital and sexual satisfaction. More dissatisfaction is felt by infertile women, and both direct and indirect negative effects on the marriage are brought on by stress connected to infertility and its treatment. Having social support from family, a partner, and friends can help infertile women cope with a variety of stressors in their lives. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how infertility affects infertile women’s marital and sexual pleasure. A study was conducted on 80 infertile women visiting selected clinics of city Ludhiana Punjab selected by convenience sampling technique. Marital satisfaction was assessed by using a Modified ENRICH Marital Satisfaction scale and Sexual Satisfaction was assessed by Modified Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women (SSS-W). An analysis was done by using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study revealed that (88.8%) infertile women were satisfied and (11.2%) infertile women were partially satisfied related to marital and sexual relationship, the mean score of marital satisfaction was 69.70  7.299 and the mean score of sexual satisfaction was 80.54  9.195. Also, it was discovered that some sociodemographic factors, such as age, education, and religion, had a statistically significant association with sexual satisfaction at the (p < 0.05) level. Significant association of sexual satisfaction among infertile women with maternal profile like number of abortions and failure of treatment were at the (p < 0.05) level. Thus, the study concluded that most of infertile women were satisfied related to marital and sexual relationship.n

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1. Mousavi F, Pottal S, Podder L. Perinatal bereavement care: knowledge and attitude among staff nurses in Pune. Int J Nurs Res Pract. 2014; 1 (2): 18–22.
2. Columbia University Irving Medical Center. (2021). A mother’s guide to the fourth t[Online] Available at https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/news/mothers-guide-fourth-trimester [Accessed on June 2023]
3. Annamma A comprehensive textbook of midwifery. 2nd ed. New Delhi, India: Jaypee Publishers; 2008.
4. Mathew M. (2010). A descriptive study to assess the knowledge of staff nurses regarding prevention and management of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in selected maternity hospitals at Bangalore with a view to develop an information booklet. [Online] Available at https://www.coursehero.com/file/95306288/05-N008-21932doc/ [Accessed on June 2023]
5. Iyengar K. Early postpartum maternal morbidity among rural women, Rajasthan, India: a community-based study. J Health Popul Nutr. 2012; 30 (2): 213– PMCID: PMC3397332.
6. Bulfone G, Zanini A, Tosolini C, Zuliani S. L’esperienza del metodo OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) al Corso di Laurea in Infermieristica di Udine [The OSCE method (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) in the university course for nurses in Udine]. Assist Inferm Ric. 2006 Jul-Sep;25(3):176-80. Italian. PMID: 17080627.
7. Neeson JD, May KA. A comprehensive maternity nursing: nursing process and the childbearing family. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 1986.
8. Maksuda K, Salam AA. Determinants of delivery complications in rural Bangladesh. J Appl Sci Res. 2007; 3 (11): 1320–
9. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2013). Quality standard for postnatal care. [Online] Available athttps://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/qs37 [Accessed on June 2023]
10. Tapiwa Mavis K. (2001). An evaluation of the quality-of-care midwives provided during the postpartum period in Northern Botswana. 2001. [Online] Available at https://www.duo.uio.no/handle/10852/30092?show=full [Accessed on June 2023]
11. World Health Organization. (2014). WHO recommendations on postnatal care of the mother and newborn. [Online] Available at https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/97603 [Accessed on June 2023]
12. Sheena B. Essentials midwifery practice. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons; 2010.
13. Bogren MU, Wigert H, Edgren L, Berg M. Towards a midwifery profession in Bangladesh: a systems approach for a complex world. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015; 15: 325. doi: 10.1186/s12884-015-0740-8, PMID 26634695, PMCID PMC4669606.

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Abstract

n Handwashing is the most important thing to prevent and control the illness and avoid the spread of disease. There is greater need regarding awareness of handwashing at critical times to reduce the prevalence of infections and from communicable diseases. However, there is a proper method to ensure all bacteria are removed. It is a technique of rubbing the hands together for a given period of time with soap and water. A study was conducted to assess the knowledge of the women regarding handwashing at community area of SGRD, Vallah, Amritsar, Punjab with the objective: to assess the existing hand hygiene practice of women with soap and water, to find association between sociodemographic variables and existing hand hygiene practices at critical times according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. In this research study, the investigator did an extensive review of the research and non-research literature through reports, thesis, journals, textbooks, and electronic database. The study involved descriptive survey design using non-experimental approach, with convenient sampling technique. The results were calculated using descriptive as well as inferential statistics. Tool consists of two parts: PART A: Sociodemographic variables including age (in years), marital status, education, occupation, income (monthly), dietary habits and PART B: including handwashing questionnaire for women consisting of 10 questions. The study was conducted on 500 women after taking consent from them. On analysis, it was found that majority of women who always wash their hands with soap and water before eating meals were 342 (68.4%). The number of women who always wash their hands before and after caring sick person 305 (61%). Majority of the participants who always wash their hands with soap and water a before and after treating the wound was 327 (65.4%). Same studies can be done on every woman present anywhere to generalize the findings. An experimental study can also be carried further with control group for effective comparison among the two groups.n

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International Journal of Emergency and Trauma Nursing and Practices

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