Aamena Bharmal,
Anjali Kulkarni,
- Researcher Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Bioinformatics. N.V. Patel College Of Pure And Applied Sciences, CVM University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand Gujarat India
- Assistant Professor Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Bioinformatics. N.V. Patel College Of Pure And Applied Sciences, CVM University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand Gujarat India
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women globally. In 2012, around 1.67 million new cases were reported worldwide. With the increase in life expectancy in developed countries, the incidence of breast cancer among older adults has risen significantly. In 2017, an estimated 252,710 new cases of invasive breast cancer were recorded, along with 6,341 cases of breast cancer in situ in the USA. About 24% of all breast cancer cases occur in the Asia-Pacific region, with the highest rates observed in China, Japan, and Indonesia. In India, breast cancer cases had surpassed cancers of the oral cavity and the cervix to be the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths. In 2018, there were 162,468 new cases of breast cancer, accounting for 27.7% of all new cancer cases among Indian women and 11.1% of all cancer-related deaths. Bringing awareness about this disease is a challenge. India is a heterogenous country where society is divided into different categories. Reaching out to each group is a task and requires specialized and completely different approaches for creating a word around respectively. Genetic pre-disposition is one of the major factors that contributes to the development of breast cancer. out of all identified genes responsible for breast cancer development, BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are found to be most susceptible to mutations and causing breast cancer. These two genes orchestrate the vital role incidence of breast cancer. Apart from BRCA genes, other genes such as TP53, STK11, NBN, NF1, ATM and many more listed below in this article. Additionally, the risk factors which have potential to cause breast cancer are further divided into sub-classes which gives a direct idea about how breast cancer can invade apart from hereditary cases. Management of breast cancer is a delicate task. Deciding correct strategy to help the patient is the most important step and it plays an important role in patient’s recovery too. Multiple techniques like radiotherapy and more are undertaken with the intention to cure the patient. All in all, this review article attempts to summarize all information in a compact and simplified form for better understanding of the reader.
Keywords: Breast cancer, genes, risk factors, management of breast cancer, hereditary case.
[This article belongs to Research & Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology(rrjooh)]
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Research & Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 02 |
| Received | May 23, 2024 |
| Accepted | July 5, 2024 |
| Published | August 23, 2024 |