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SIDDHARTH MODI, Soham Dalwadi, Chirag Parmar,
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- Assistant Professor, Research Scholar, Research Scholar Department of Chemical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Plant and Process Safety Division, Bodal Chemicals Ltd, Vatva Gujarat, Gujarat, Gujarat India, India, India
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Abstract
nThe current study looks into the batch reactor’s sulfonation reaction’s safety features. Acetanilide, thionyl chloride, and chlorosulphonic acid are used in the sulfonation reaction under consideration to generate acetyl sulphonyl chloride as well as by-products such HCl and SOx. Steam starts the process, which is exothermic in nature. Water is then chilled to maintain a temperature of 50°C and a pressure of one atmosphere. The Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) analysis was carried out initially, followed by Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Event Tree Analysis (ETA), and Bow-Tie Analysis (BTA), in light of the safety concerns related to the reaction in question.
The techniques used assisted in identifying the inherent dangers associated with this intricate procedure. Methodically examining the process parameters, the HAZOP analysis looks for variations in the process that could result in risks like uncontrollable reactions or operational failures.
. The findings of the HAZOP study were incorporated into the fault tree, event tree and bowtie by considering reactor failure chances as the top event. The proposed fault tree had 17 intermediate events, and 30 basic events. Critical parameters such as temperature and pressure have a significant impact on the process. For example, temperatures above 150°C have the potential to cause thermal runaway and concurrent overpressure events. The current work contributed to ensuring the efficiency, dependability, and safety of the sulfonation reactions in batch processes by employing a mix of risk assessment tools.
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Keywords: Risk Assessment, Sulfonation Reaction, Hazard Operability, Fault Tree Analysis, Bowtie Analysis
n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering(etce)]
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References
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(1) Dunjó, J.; Fthenakis, V.; Vílchez, J. A.; Arnaldos, J. Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Analysis. A Literature Review. J. Hazard. Mater. 2010, 173 (1–3), 19–32. (2) Ferdous, R.; Khan, F.; Sadiq, R.; Amyotte, P.; Veitch, B. Fault and Event Tree Analyses for Process Systems Risk Analysis: Uncertainty Handling Formulations. Risk Anal. 2011, 31 (1), 86–107. (3) Ruijters, E.; Stoelinga, M. Fault Tree Analysis: A Survey of the State-of-the-Art in Modeling, Analysis and Tools. Comput. Sci. Rev. 2015, 15, 29–62. (4) Modi, S.; Srinivasa, M.; Snigdha, T.; Gupta, T. Qualitative Analysis of Process Hazard for Hydro- Treatment of Base Oils Using Combination of HAZOP and Network Analysis, SSRN Elect. J., 2020; 1–17. (5) Snigdha, T.; Modi, S.; Saritha, T.; Srinivasa, M.; Gupta, T. An Efficient Use of Mineral Base Oils by Improving Physico-Chemical Properties via Hydro-Treatment Route, ICON-GTSD-2021, 2021; 481–489. (6) Modi, S.; Rao, M. S.; Gupta, T. C. S. M. Evaluating Probabilistic Chances of Overpressure-Induced Mechanical Explosion in Fixed Bed Reactor: A Case Study of Hydrogenation of Heavy Base Oils Using Fault Tree and Bayesian Network. Advances in Sustainable Development; Springer Singapore, 2022; 41–63. (7) Modi, S.; Rao, M. S.; Gupta, T. C. S. M.; Yang, M. Uncertainty Modeling of a Chemical System with a Flexible Node by Mapping the Fault Tree into the Response Surface Method. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2023, 63, 3206-3220. (8) Patel, V.; Gandhi, D.; Modi, S. Qualitative Analysis of Process Hazard over Quadruple System using HAZOP, Fault Tree and Directed Acyclic Graph. ICON-RAISE-2023, 2023; 230-240. (9) Vivek, A.; Modi, S.; Varadharajan, S.; Patel, V. Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Liquid Hydrogen Storage System using Fault Tree and Bayesian Network. Sustainable Hydrogen (10) Energy; De Gruyter, 2024; 379-404. Mokhtari, K., et al.: Application of a generic bow-tie based risk analysis framework on riskmanagement of sea ports and offshore terminals. J. Hazardous Mater. 192(2) (2011)
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| Volume | 11 | |
| [if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] | 03 | |
| Received | June 26, 2024 | |
| Accepted | July 11, 2024 | |
| Published | August 1, 2024 |
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