Arjun Mishra,
Dr. Daya Shanker,
Utkarsh Kumar Sharma,
Amit Medhavi,
- Research Scholar Department of Physics, University of Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
- Associate Professor Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
- Research Scholar Mechanical Engineering, KNIT, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh India
- Research Scholar Mechanical Engineering, KNIT, Sultanpur Uttar Pradesh India
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material in which Boron (B) and Nitrogen (N) atoms form hexagonal structure and has number of robust properties of technological importance. Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are very nice area of research in recent years. Its structure is similar to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) where carbon atoms are arranged in hexagon. hBN is also known as White Graphene. Various methods are employed to synthesize hBN such as laser ablation method, arc-discharge method, chemical vapor deposition method, ball-milling method, and thermal plasma arc method etc. When electromagnetic (EM) wave falls on the semiconductor surface, some waves can be excited such as Plasmons (quanta of valence electron oscillation), Phonons (quanta of lattice vibration) and Excitons (quanta of electron-hole pair oscillation). When photon (quanta of em wave) of the incident em wave is coupled with these excitations, coupled modes can be generated. These modes are called polariton modes. In this paper, planar interface between semi-conductor hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) and vacuum is taken for the study of coupled surface oscillations. hBN also shows hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPPs). To study the surface oscillations or waves, a dispersion relation is obtained from Maxwell equations, which gives frequency dependent dielectric function that must be negative for the existence of these waves. Two coupling frequency modes andare obtained. The first mode is obtained in ultraviolet (UV) region (1016Hz) and the second mode is obtained in the Infrared (IR) region (1013 Hz). The surface wave exists when < 0.47 as for this range the dielectric function remains negative. The othermode remains nearly constant with values 0.006. hBN and BNNTs have also such nice properties, which are useful in various fields such as nano photonics, opto electronics, sensing, spectroscopy, thermal management techniques, energy storage etc. Various heterostructures of hBN with other materials like graphene, Silicon oxide (SiO2), Silicon (Si) etc are useful in numerous fields. Waveguides, made up of hBN are very good for propagation of radiations in various spectral ranges.
Keywords: Dispersion relation, Dielectric function, Surface plasmon, Surface phonons, Polaritons
[This article belongs to Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics(rrjophy)]
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Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 01 |
| Received | March 12, 2024 |
| Accepted | April 23, 2024 |
| Published | June 15, 2024 |