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Divyani R Patil, Sunila A Patil, Sunil P. Pawar
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- Student M Pharm, Professor, Principal Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, P.S.G.V.P. Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, P.S.G.V.P. Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, P.S.G.V.P. Mandal’s College of Pharmacy Maharashtra, Maharashtra, Maharashtra India, India, India
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Abstract
nTreatments for infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant staphylococci and VRE, include skin and soft tissue infections, community-acquired pneumonia, and other infections treated with linezolid, an oxazolidinone antimicrobial agent that functions by specifically inhibiting protein synthesis. Even while antibiotic resistance is becoming more frequent in many nations, linezolid resistance among these pathogens is still low—typically less than 1%. Thus, the emergence of resistance in clinical isolates should draw more attention from clinical labs to the need to regularly test for linezolid susceptibility for this crucial medication and should be taken into consideration when deciding whether to use it therapeutically. This study was conducted to maximise the therapeutic usage of linezolid because of its significance in treating infections brought on by Gram-positive bacteria.
One may argue that the first antibiotic in the family of oxazolidinone antibiotics was linezolid. It’s a synthetic antibiotic that attaches itself to rRNA to stop bacteria from making proteins. Additionally, it prevents the formation of the initiation complex during protein synthesis, which can shorten formed peptide chains and slow down the pace at which translation elongation occurs. Linezolid has been approved for the treatment of several conditions, including vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infections, hospital-acquired pneumonia (Staphylococcus aureus), complicated skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs), uncomplicated SSSIs (Streptococcus pyogenes or methicillin-susceptible S. aureus), and community-acquired pneumonia (Streptococcus pneumoniae). The investigation of high-resolution structures has demonstrated that linezolid binds to a deep gap surrounded by 23S rRNA nucleotides on the 50S ribosomal subunit. A mechanism of linezolid resistance was demonstrated to involve mutations in 23S rRNA. Furthermore, there is a growing correlation between linezolid resistance and mutations in certain areas of the ribosomal proteins uL3 anduL4. These proteins are situated further off from the drug that is bound, though. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci are expected to be the most common Gram-positive bacteria in intensive care units (ICUs). Linezolid is a popular antibacterial medication used to treat ICU patients who have infections. Due to its favourable in vitro and in vivo action against the pathogens, the medication is recommended for the treatment of infections in intensive care units.
The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms is rising globally. Given the importance of antibiotics to the public and the decline in the number of new antimicrobial registrations by regulatory bodies, adequate quality control is necessary to prevent the spread of bacterial resistance, guarantee a treatment’s efficacy, and protect patient safety.
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Keywords: Linezolid, Oxazolidinone, Gram Positive, MRSA, VRE.
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References
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Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery
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| Volume | 11 | |
| [if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”]Issue[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”]Special Issue[/if 424] [if 424 equals=”Conference”][/if 424] | 02 | |
| Received | May 4, 2024 | |
| Accepted | May 22, 2024 | |
| Published | June 21, 2024 |
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