Evidence for Forward Spin and Reverse Spin Radio Photons

[{“box”:0,”content”:”

n

Year : November 16, 2023 | Volume : 01 | Issue : 01 | Page : 1-12

n

n

n

n

n

n

By

n

    n t

    [foreach 286]n

    n

    Marvin Motsenbocker

  1. [/foreach]

    n

n

n

    [foreach 286] [if 1175 not_equal=””]n t

  1. Senior Faculty, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Renaissance 148-1 Yugekamada, Kamijima-cho, Ehime, Japan
  2. n[/if 1175][/foreach]

n

n

Abstract

nWe generated alternate spin radio frequency photons by accelerating metallic valence electrons in a wire with half portions of a sine wave. To avoid standing waves from sinusoidal movement, a non-resonating transmitter was built with a non-resonating antenna. An oscilloscope at a second non-resonant receiving antenna 3 wavelengths away from the transmitter detected positive going 180-degree voltage pulses. Reversing the direction of electron excitation in the transmitter antenna caused negative going 180-degree electric pulses in the receiver. The results confirm that photons produced by radio transmissions are of two types, forward +1 spin and reverse -1 spin. In the radio wave context, we may consider a zero spin 2-photon pair as a naturally occurring unit that forms waves. This research points the way to a much higher speed communication format based on photon pulses and not wave trains.

n

n

n

Keywords: Oscilloscope, Photons, Reverse Spin, Antenna, MOSFET

n[if 424 equals=”Regular Issue”][This article belongs to International Journal of Radio Frequency Innovations(ijrfi)]

n

[/if 424][if 424 equals=”Special Issue”][This article belongs to Special Issue under section in International Journal of Radio Frequency Innovations(ijrfi)][/if 424][if 424 equals=”Conference”]This article belongs to Conference [/if 424]

n

n

n

How to cite this article: Marvin Motsenbocker Evidence for Forward Spin and Reverse Spin Radio Photons ijrfi November 16, 2023; 01:1-12

n

How to cite this URL: Marvin Motsenbocker Evidence for Forward Spin and Reverse Spin Radio Photons ijrfi November 16, 2023 {cited November 16, 2023};01:1-12. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijrfi/article=November 16, 2023/view=0/

nn


nn[if 992 equals=”Open Access”] Full Text PDF[else] nvar fieldValue = “[user_role]”;nif (fieldValue == ‘indexingbodies’) {n document.write(‘Full Text PDF‘);n }nelse if (fieldValue == ‘administrator’) { document.write(‘Full Text PDF‘); }nelse if (fieldValue == ‘ijrfi’) { document.write(‘Full Text PDF‘); }n else { document.write(‘ ‘); }n [/if 992] [if 379 not_equal=””]nn

Browse Figures

n

n

[foreach 379]n

n[/foreach]n

nn

n

n[/if 379]n

n

References

n[if 1104 equals=””]n

  1. Landau, L.D., & Lifshitz, E.M. (1974). The angular momentum and parity of the photon. In Quantum Mechanics: A Shorter Course of Theoretical Physics (Chapter §78). Pergamon, https://archive.org/details/LDLandauAndE.M.LifshitzAuth.QuantumMechanics.AShorterCourseOfTheoreticalPhysicsPergamon1974.
  2. “Wikipedia”, “(21 September 2023)”, “Photons”, [Online], Available from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon.
  3. Spin angular momentum of light. (2023, June 15). In Wikipedia. Available from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_angular_momentum_of_light.
  4. Lee, C. (2014). Researchers: Forget old experiments, let’s reinvent the wheel. Retrieved from https://arstechnica.com/science/2014/07/when-is-a-single-photon-not-a-single-photon/?comments=1&comments-page=1.
  5. The wave function collapsed. (2023, July 22). In Wikipedia. Available from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_function_collapse.
  6. Rozema, L.A., et al. (2012). Violation of Heisenberg’s Measurement-Disturbance Relationship by Weak Measurements. Phys Rev Lett, 109(10), 100404.
  7. Bialynicki-Birula, I., & Bialunicka-Birula, Z. (2012). Heisenberg uncertainty relation for photons. Physical review A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics.
  8. Silver, W., & Donovan, F. The beverage antenna was 100 years later. Available from https://www.arrl.org/files/file/QST/This%20Month%20in%20QST/2021/11%20November%202021/Silver%20Donovan.pdf.
  9. Dirac, P. (1958). Polarization of photons. In The Principles of Quantum Mechanics (Chapter 2, Section 18). Oxford Science.
  10. Ash, A. (2023). “Why Does Light Slow Down in a Medium…Or Does It”, Available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZD4MR0KgqA.
  11. Skin depth calculator. (2023, July 15). In All About Circuits. Available from https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/tools/skin-depth-calculator/.
  12. Antenna characteristics. (2023, July 15). In com. Available from https://www.eeeguide.com/antenna-characteristics/.
  13. Particle in a 1-Dimensional box. (2021, October 5). In Chem Libre Texts. Available from https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Quantum_Mechanics/05.5:_Particle_in_Boxes/Particle_in_a_1-Dimensional_box.
  14. Chang, D.C., (2017). On the wave nature of matter: A transition from classical mechanics to quantum mechanics [Preprint]. arXiv:physics/0505010.

nn[/if 1104][if 1104 not_equal=””]n

    [foreach 1102]n t

  1. [if 1106 equals=””], [/if 1106][if 1106 not_equal=””],[/if 1106]
  2. n[/foreach]

n[/if 1104]

nn


nn[if 1114 equals=”Yes”]n

n[/if 1114]

n

n

Regular Issue Open Access Original Research

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

n

Volume 01
Issue 01
Received August 25, 2023
Accepted September 21, 2023
Published November 16, 2023

n

n

n

[if 1190 not_equal=””]n

Editor

n

[foreach 1188]n

n[/foreach]

n[/if 1190] [if 1177 not_equal=””]n

Reviewer

n

[foreach 1176]n

n[/foreach]

n[/if 1177]

n

n

n

n function myFunction2() {n var x = document.getElementById(“browsefigure”);n if (x.style.display === “block”) {n x.style.display = “none”;n }n else { x.style.display = “Block”; }n }n document.querySelector(“.prevBtn”).addEventListener(“click”, () => {n changeSlides(-1);n });n document.querySelector(“.nextBtn”).addEventListener(“click”, () => {n changeSlides(1);n });n var slideIndex = 1;n showSlides(slideIndex);n function changeSlides(n) {n showSlides((slideIndex += n));n }n function currentSlide(n) {n showSlides((slideIndex = n));n }n function showSlides(n) {n var i;n var slides = document.getElementsByClassName(“Slide”);n var dots = document.getElementsByClassName(“Navdot”);n if (n > slides.length) { slideIndex = 1; }n if (n (item.style.display = “none”));n Array.from(dots).forEach(n item => (item.className = item.className.replace(” selected”, “”))n );n slides[slideIndex – 1].style.display = “block”;n dots[slideIndex – 1].className += ” selected”;n }n n function myfun() {n x = document.getElementById(“editor”);n y = document.getElementById(“down”);n z = document.getElementById(“up”);n if (x.style.display == “none”) {n x.style.display = “block”;n }n else {n x.style.display = “none”;n }n if (y.style.display == “none”) {n y.style.display = “block”;n }n else {n y.style.display = “none”;n }n if (z.style.display == “none”) {n z.style.display = “block”;n }n else {n z.style.display = “none”;n }n }n function myfun2() {n x = document.getElementById(“reviewer”);n y = document.getElementById(“down2”);n z = document.getElementById(“up2”);n if (x.style.display == “none”) {n x.style.display = “block”;n }n else {n x.style.display = “none”;n }n if (y.style.display == “none”) {n y.style.display = “block”;n }n else {n y.style.display = “none”;n }n if (z.style.display == “none”) {n z.style.display = “block”;n }n else {n z.style.display = “none”;n }n }n”}]