Trends in Electrical Engineering

The transition to Electric Vehicles (EVs) is a critical strategy for mitigating global warming and reducing dependence on diminishing fossil fuel reserves.

The development of biocompatible, energy-efficient pumping mechanisms is pivotal for advancing artificial heart (AH) technology.

The increasing demand for electricity and the inefficiencies associated with traditional metering systems necessitate the development of advanced solutions for monitoring and controlling power consumption.

This​‍​‌‍​‍‌​‍​‌‍​‍‌ review of the literature delves into the changes, structure, and the latest BMS (Battery Management Systems) technologies implemented in electric vehicles, smart grids, and energy storage, respectively.

The increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) systems into modern power grids necessitates advanced power electronic interfaces capable of delivering high-quality electrical power with minimal harmonic distortion.

This paper frames environmental audio as a mobility telemetry source, extending a benchmark urban-sound corpus with transportation-critical classes—ambulance, firetruck, police, and traffic and training spectrogram-based models under a quasi-supervised regime to support real-time city operations; leveraging 10-fold protocols, class-weighted objectives, and audiospecific augmentations (time stretch, pitch shift, SpecAugment, PatchAugment), the system benchmarks multiple CNN backbones combined with self-supervised learning paradigms enable the extraction of rich, discriminative acoustic representations, achieving strong multi-class classification accuracy alongside robust ROC performance and reliable Grad-CAM–based interpretability.