Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery

Postoperative pain remains a critical determinant of recovery outcomes, influencing patient satisfaction, complication rates, and overall healthcare utilization.

One of the most revolutionary developments in contemporary medicine is organ transplantation, which provides patients with end-stage organ failure with both life-saving and life-improving options.

Surgical wound healing is a dynamic biological process influenced by local tissue response, vascularity, infection control, and systemic patient factors.

Weight gain is a common consequence of spinal cord injury (SCI), often resulting from decreased physical activity, metabolic alterations, and changes in body composition.

Simulation-based education has emerged as a cornerstone of contemporary general surgery training, driven by increasing emphasis on patient safety, competency-based education, and rapid technological innovation.

Postoperative colorectal anastomotic leak (AL) is one of the most feared complications after colorectal surgery because of its association with sepsis, reoperation, mortality, prolonged hospital stay, delayed adjuvant therapy, and permanent stoma formation.