International Journal of Wireless Security and Networks

This paper provides a broad overview of both LoRa and LoRaWAN technologies in the context of Internet of Things (IoT).

Cloud–edge hybrid systems have become a key framework in today’s distributed computing landscape, combining fast, near-source data processing at the edge with the flexible scalability and resource richness of centralized cloud infrastructures.

The proliferation of next-generation wireless technologies, from 5G/6G networks to the pervasive Internet of Things (IoT), has birthed a hyperconnected digital ecosystem of unprecedented scale and dynamism.

The fast-paced digital evolution within the banking industry has led to a substantial rise in the number of financial transactions conducted through online and mobile platforms.

Cloud-native environments with their distributed environments and transient workloads raise the intrinsic problem of traditional intrusion detection and response systems to unprecedented levels.

The digital landscape is a battlefield of escalating complexity, where the volume, velocity, and sophistication of cyber threats have exponentially outpaced human-centric defense models.