A Comprehensive Review on Monkeypox Infection

Year : 2024 | Volume :02 | Issue : 01 | Page : –
By

Sinchana Bhat,

Ramdas Bhat,

  1. UG Scholar, Srinivas College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
  2. Associate Professor,, Srinivas College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Abstract

Monkeypox represents a zoonotic viral affliction instigated by the monkeypox virus, which is classified within the Poxviridae family and is distinct from the virus that causes chickenpox. Initially recognized in 1958, this infection has recently attracted international scrutiny due to its escalating incidence beyond traditional endemic territories. This review delivers an exhaustive examination of monkeypox, encompassing its epidemiology, viral morphology, modes of transmission, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, and therapeutic interventions. The virus, which exhibits structural similarities to smallpox, is characterized as a substantial, enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus. Transmission occurs via proximate interaction with infected animals or individuals, as well as through contaminated materials. The pathogenesis entails the viral ingress through mucosal surfaces, followed by replication and systemic dissemination. Clinical manifestations typically encompass fever, rashes, and lymphadenopathy, in contrast to the typical presentation of chickenpox. Diagnosis predominantly hinges upon polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, with emerging techniques such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) also demonstrating the potential for the detection of the monkeypox virus. These newer diagnostic methods, like RPA, offer faster and more accessible alternatives to traditional PCR testing. Therapeutic alternatives include antiviral agents such as Cidofovir, Brincidofovir, and Tecovirimat, which have demonstrated effectiveness against orthopox viruses. This review underscores the necessity for augmented surveillance, enhanced community awareness, and ongoing research to confront the challenges presented by monkeypox. It accentuates the significance of international collaboration in curbing the dissemination of the virus and safeguarding public health.

Keywords: Monkeypox, zoonosis, orthopoxvirus, epidemiology, antiviral treatment.

[This article belongs to Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases (rtid)]

How to cite this article:
Sinchana Bhat, Ramdas Bhat. A Comprehensive Review on Monkeypox Infection. Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases. 2024; 02(01):-.
How to cite this URL:
Sinchana Bhat, Ramdas Bhat. A Comprehensive Review on Monkeypox Infection. Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases. 2024; 02(01):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rtid/article=2024/view=176451

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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 02
Issue 01
Received 14/09/2024
Accepted 25/09/2024
Published 01/10/2024
Views: 24

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