High-Definition Electroencephalography: A New Horizon in Neurological Pathology Research

Year : 2024 | Volume :14 | Issue : 02 | Page : 15-21
By

Simone Carozzo,

  1. Researcher Department of medical Science, S. Anna Institute, Via Siris Crotone (KR) Italy

Abstract

The advent of high-density electroencephalography (HD-EEG) has catalyzed a paradigm shift in the exploration of neurological pathologies. This editorial underscore its transformative potential in elucidating brain dynamics and refining diagnostic approaches for a spectrum of conditions, spanning from epilepsy and dementia to cognitive impairments in preterm infants. Our objective is to optimize the utility of HD-EEG by emphasizing the imperative for methodological homogenization and fostering collaborative endeavors. The remarkable spatial resolution inherent in HD-EEG enables precise mapping of aberrant neural activity, surpassing the capabilities of conventional EEG methodologies. HD-EEG has significant clinical implications, particularly for improving surgical precision in epilepsy patients. It offers deeper insights into cognitive-affecting neurological disorders by capturing brain activity during tasks, extending beyond its diagnostic role. Research discrepancies arise from data acquisition and analysis complexities, highlighting the need for standardized multicentric studies. Integrating composite connectivity indices with machine learning algorithms could enhance HD-EEG’s prognostic efficacy, advancing neurological pathology understanding. Case studies illustrate its expanding applications: • Epilepsy: HD-EEG has revolutionized the localization of seizure foci, leading to more effective surgical interventions for patients with medically refractory epilepsy. • Cognitive neuroscience: HD-EEG enables researchers to explore the neural foundations of cognitive functions such as attention, memory, and decision-making more thoroughly. • Dementia: Studies are employing HD-EEG to characterize brain network alterations in dementia, paving the way for earlier diagnosis and potential interventions. • Psychiatric disorders: HD-EEG holds promise for investigating the neurophysiological basis of anxiety in Parkinson’s disease and other mental health conditions. • Brain development: HD-EEG illuminates adolescent cortical development via sleep spindle dynamics. Advancements such as the Localize-MI dataset validate source localization methods. Integrating HD-EEG with fMRI and MEG offers comprehensive brain function insights: • Integration of HD-EEG with other imaging modalities (fMRI, MEG) for a comprehensive understanding of brain function. • Creation of wearable HD-EEG technology for prolonged brain activity monitoring in real-world environments. • Utilization of machine learning algorithms to enhance the predictive power of HD-EEG in neurological phenotyping. • Multicentric studies with standardized protocols to overcome data variability challenges and facilitate data sharing. HD-EEG has the potential to revolutionize neurological pathology management by overcoming methodological challenges and fostering collaborative research. Its capability to track sub-second brain dynamics and integrate with computational models promises groundbreaking discoveries in neuroscience.

Keywords: High-Definition EEG (HD-EEG), Neurological Pathologies, Biomarkers, Epilepsy Research, Cognitive Load, Source Localization, Brain Connectivity, Cognitive Neuroscience, Sleep Spindle Dynamics, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Spatial Resolution, Neural Correlates, Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Dementia Research, Human Brain Computational Model

[This article belongs to Research & Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience(rrjons)]

How to cite this article: Simone Carozzo. High-Definition Electroencephalography: A New Horizon in Neurological Pathology Research. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience. 2024; 14(02):15-21.
How to cite this URL: Simone Carozzo. High-Definition Electroencephalography: A New Horizon in Neurological Pathology Research. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience. 2024; 14(02):15-21. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjons/article=2024/view=168210

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Regular Issue Subscription Review Article
Volume 14
Issue 02
Received June 25, 2024
Accepted July 25, 2024
Published August 20, 2024
Views: 29

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