A perspective review on role of environmental pollutants in developing neurodegenerative diseases

Year : 2024 | Volume : | : | Page : –
By

Srishti Sharma

Sujata Mohanty

  1. Research Scholar Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector 62, Noida Uttar Pradesh India
  2. Professor Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector 62, Noida Uttar Pradesh India

Abstract

As human society progresses towards industrialization, an excess number of environmental pollutants are released to our ecosystem, which significantly contribute in causing various health issues primarily associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as cognitive disorder, dementia, anxiety, Alzheimer, Parkinson etc. Because of their high global occurrence, these diseases have attracted attention in recent decades, however, the etiology of these diseases remains unclear. Pollutants are discharged into the environment by natural events such as volcanic eruptions and wildfires, as well as by man-made activities such as industrial and laboratory waste, pesticide residues, automotive exhaust and the burning of terrestrial waste that pollute the water, air, and soil causing neurological diseases in inhabitants. These pollutants enter the body by inhalation, oral absorption and ingestion and reach to the central nervous system (CNS), where they induce tissue damage and disrupt molecular and cellular processes. Recent epidemiological studies have focused on the neurodevelopmental effects of organic solvents and pesticides on children born to female workers, highlighting potential neurobehavioral impairments. Despite the lack of evidence for other presumed neurotoxicants, prioritizing the protection of pregnant workers remains crucial, urging a precautionary approach to neurodevelopmental toxicity in occupational health. Numerous investigations on humans, animal models and cell cultures have shown how these pollutants affect the blood-brain barrier causing neuroinflammation, CNS oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, and the cerebrovascular system damages. The current review discusses diverse sources of pollutants, their neurotoxic effect, molecular mechanisms of distinct pollutants involved in the etiology of various neurological diseases and their management strategy. In addition, this study intends to address current understanding of the relationship between environmental toxins and human health in order to bridge this knowledge gap.

Keywords: Pollutants, sources, neurodegenerative, human health, management strategy

How to cite this article: Srishti Sharma, Sujata Mohanty. A perspective review on role of environmental pollutants in developing neurodegenerative diseases. Research & Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences. 2024; ():-.
How to cite this URL: Srishti Sharma, Sujata Mohanty. A perspective review on role of environmental pollutants in developing neurodegenerative diseases. Research & Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences. 2024; ():-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjols/article=2024/view=152621


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Received April 28, 2024
Accepted May 5, 2024
Published July 1, 2024
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