M Panbarasan
Dr.S.Venkateshbabu
R.Karthikeswaran
J.Sudharsan
- Assistant Professor SPE Ambassador Lecturer, AMET University, Chennai Chennai Tamil Nadu India
- Professor & Head Department of Petroleum Engineering, JCTCET, Coimbatore Tamil Nadu India
- Assistant Professor VELS Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai Tamil Nadu India
- Doctoral Researcher UPES, Dehradun Uttarakhand India
Abstract
Drilling fluid used while drilling the layers of shale will have the potential of reacting with water which tends to increase stickiness, induce swelling and promote sloughing of the borehole. This results in the reduction of drilling fluid circulation, increased mud loss, increase in torque and drag, reduction in lubricity. This will ultimately result in the increase of Non-Productive Time (NPT) during drilling which in turn increases Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) to the operators thus leads to the longer return on investment (ROI) thereby directly impact the project economics. The drilling fluids which also mixes with the aquifers and it leads to subsurface deformation and environment pollution. Now the pollution control boards are using stringent measures to curb the pollution either on or below the surface, any driller fail to comply has to pay a hefty sum as penalty or else leads to banning in operation. This can be overcome by adding shale stabilizing agents to the drilling fluid. But shale stabilizing agents can reacts differently with the type of formations and depth at which it is used.
Various physical properties such as appearance, bulk density, pH, moisture content, water solubility, solubility in oil, sulphonate group, thermal stability, particle size, fluid loss, strain has to be considered and their reactivity with numerous types of shale rock with its different petrophysical properties such as permeability, water saturation, shale volume, wettability, porosity, pore volume compressibility, relative permeability, capillary pressure, oil saturation and water saturation has to be taken into account. In this paper, various shale stabilizing agents are added with water-based drilling muds which was employed in different subsurface formations and its’ behaviour was studied.
Keywords: Borehole, Drill Cuttings, Drilling fluid, Filter press, Fluid loss, Mud loss, Shale stabilizer
[This article belongs to International Journal of Pollution: Prevention & Control(ijppc)]
References
[1]. Shu He, Lixi Liang, et.al., “The influence of water-based drilling fluid on mechanical property of shale and the wellbore stability” KeAi Advanced Research Evolving Science Petroleum 2016(2): 61-66
[2]. Abdul Razak Ismail, et.al., “Shale Swelling Mitigation in Water-based Drilling Fluids with Amine Additives” IC-GeoE-SIMPOMIN, 2015: 24 -29
[3]. Ezekeil H. Hudson and Antoine Thuriere, “Survey of Polyamines as Prospective Shale Stabilizers” American Association of Drilling Engineers, April 2016: 1-9
[4]. D.N. Schulz, G. Allan Stahl, “Applications of Water-Soluble Polymers as Shale Stabilizers in Drilling Fluids” Water Soluble Polymers, Edition 1986 Chapter 10: 171-181
[5]. Eric van Oort, “On the physical and chemical stability of shales” Elsevier: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 2003 (38): 213-235
[6]. Jiangen Xu, Zhengsong Qiu, et.al., “A polymer microsphere emulsion as a high-performance shale stabilizer for water-based drilling fluids” The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018(8): 20852-20861
[7]. Mohammad Amin Albooyeh, Iman Rahimzadeh & Mohammad Javad Ameri, “Promoting wellbore stability in active shale formations by water-based muds: A case study in Pabdeh shale, Southwestern Iran” Journal of Natural Gas and Engineering, June 2018(2): 56-64
[8]. J.Sudharsan, “Behaviour of Drilling Fluids on HPHT Well Conditions”, International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management, Volume 3, Issue 7, July 2018: 280-282
[9]. M.J.A.Prince, “A Review on Planning for An Exploratory Well”, International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, Volume 5, Issue 6, June 2017: 1450-1463
[10]. Sudharsan.J, “An Outlook on Predictions of Crude oil Price near Future”, Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, Volume 5, Issue 8, August 2018: 779-781
| Volume | 01 |
| Issue | 02 |
| Received | December 7, 2023 |
| Accepted | February 9, 2024 |
| Published | February 27, 2024 |