The Impact of Nanotechnology in Transforming Neuro-oncology – A Comprehensive Review

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Year : 2026 | Volume : 14 | 01 | Page :
    By

    Akbar J,

  • Gunapati Rama Mohan Reddy,

  • Venkata Prasanna DP,

  • Jagatheesan Alagesa,

  • Rajameena R,

  • Prathapavarma Digala,

  • Shaik Ibrahim Khalivulla,

  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedical Allied and Health Care Sciences, Mohan Babu University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
  2. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Paderu, Alluri Seetharama Raju District, Andhra Pradesh, India
  3. Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Sri Balaji Medical College, Hospital & Research Institute, Renigunta, Andhra Pradesh, India
  4. Professor and Dean, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedical Allied and Health Care Sciences, Mohan Babu University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
  5. Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Neurological and Psychosomatic Disorders, Acharya’s NR Institute of Physiotherapy, Acharya Institutes, Soladevanahalli, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
  6. Associate Professor, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, MNR University, Fasalwadi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
  7. Assistant Professor, Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mohan Babu University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract

The treatment of central nervous system (CNS) tumours, including aggressive malignancies like glioblastoma, faces significant challenges. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) blocks nearly 98% of small-molecule drugs from achieving therapeutic levels in the brain, and the heterogeneity of these tumours frequently contributes to treatment resistance and poor outcomes. Traditional approaches, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are hindered by systemic toxicity and inadequate drug penetration. Nanotechnology provides a promising alternative, as nanoparticles (NPs) can be designed to cross the BBB and selectively transport therapeutic agents to the tumour site. Their unique properties, including small size, enhanced stability, and customizable surface chemistry, allow for improved drug solubility, sustained release, and targeted delivery, which reduces harm to healthy brain tissue. This approach is not limited to drug delivery; nanotechnology also enhances diagnostic capabilities through advanced imaging contrast agents and theranostic platforms that combine diagnosis and therapy. By integrating with existing treatments, nanotechnology can act as a radiosensitizer to boost the effectiveness of radiation and as a delivery system for gene therapy and immunomodulatory agents. Personalized nanomedicine is also emerging, leveraging a patient’s genetic and molecular profile to create tailored treatments that address the heterogeneity of brain tumours. Despite its immense promise, the field faces hurdles, including the potential for long-term neurotoxicity, challenges in large-scale manufacturing, and the need for a clear regulatory framework. Future directions involve leveraging artificial intelligence to optimize NP design, developing biodegradable nanomaterials, and creating highly advanced systems like stimuli-responsive nanorobots to further improve efficacy and safety in neuro-oncology.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, neuro-oncology, drug delivery, blood-brain barrier (BBB), glioblastoma, personalized medicine.

How to cite this article:
Akbar J, Gunapati Rama Mohan Reddy, Venkata Prasanna DP, Jagatheesan Alagesa, Rajameena R, Prathapavarma Digala, Shaik Ibrahim Khalivulla. The Impact of Nanotechnology in Transforming Neuro-oncology – A Comprehensive Review. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(01):-.
How to cite this URL:
Akbar J, Gunapati Rama Mohan Reddy, Venkata Prasanna DP, Jagatheesan Alagesa, Rajameena R, Prathapavarma Digala, Shaik Ibrahim Khalivulla. The Impact of Nanotechnology in Transforming Neuro-oncology – A Comprehensive Review. Journal of Polymer & Composites. 2026; 14(01):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/jopc/article=2026/view=236080


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Ahead of Print Subscription Review Article
Volume 14
01
Received 04/09/2025
Accepted 03/10/2025
Published 16/01/2026
Publication Time 134 Days
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