A Systematic Review on Diabetic Encephalopathy, Its Type & Biomarkers

Year : 2025 | Volume : 15 | 03 | Page :
    By

    Kamna,

  • Anuneet Kaur,

  • Rajneesh Kaur,

  • Brij Bhushan,

  • Shruti Jaswal,

  • Sarbjot Singh,

  • Anita Devi,

  • Ankur Thakur,

  • Abhishek Chandel,

  1. Student, Bachelor of Pharmacy (Last Year) – Himachal Pharmacy College, Majhauli (Nalagarh), Himachal Pradesh, India
  2. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology-Himachal Pharmacy College, Majhauli (Nalagarh), Himachal Pradesh, India
  3. Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry-Himachal Pharmacy College, Majhauli (Nalagarh), Himachal Pradesh, India
  4. Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry-Himachal Pharmacy College, Majhauli (Nalagarh), Himachal Pradesh, India
  5. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics-Himachal Pharmacy College, Majhauli (Nalagarh), Himachal Pradesh, India
  6. Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology-Himachal Pharmacy College, Majhauli (Nalagarh), Himachal Pradesh, India
  7. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Himachal Pharmacy College, Majhauli (Nalagarh), Himachal Pradesh, India
  8. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Himachal Pharmacy College, Majhauli (Nalagarh), Himachal Pradesh, India
  9. Student, Bachelor of Pharmacy (Last Year) – Himachal Pharmacy College, Majhauli (Nalagarh), Himachal Pradesh, India

Abstract

Diabetes and its complications become a major reason of morbidity and mortality associated with the changes of life style. Diabetic Encephalopathy is one of the complication of Diabetes Mellitus. The aim of this paper is to review the information on Diabetic Encephalopathy with emphasis on its etiology , pathogenesis and its treatment. Diabetic encephalopathy is the condition in which impairment of brain function occur. Diabetic encephalopathy is the complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus that lead to congnitive decline. It include two type that are Primary Diabetic Encephalopathy and Secondary Diabetic Encephalopathy. It is caused by combination of metabolic factor , vascular disease factor, endocrine factor and CNS factor. The pathogenesis of autophagy in diabetic encephalopathy is not clearly marked in this review article. But increase level of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation that make CNS inflammation worsen, neuronal apoptotic mechanism that involve insulin signaling defect and C-peptide deficiency, and role of hyperglycemia maybe seen. Treatment with oral hypoglycemic agent and and combination of antidiabetic medication for the prevention of diasese should also be studied. Non pharmacological therapy that is exercise also very helpful.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic Encephalopathy, Congnitive decline , Oxidative stress, Hyperglycemia.

How to cite this article:
Kamna, Anuneet Kaur, Rajneesh Kaur, Brij Bhushan, Shruti Jaswal, Sarbjot Singh, Anita Devi, Ankur Thakur, Abhishek Chandel. A Systematic Review on Diabetic Encephalopathy, Its Type & Biomarkers. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology. 2025; 15(03):-.
How to cite this URL:
Kamna, Anuneet Kaur, Rajneesh Kaur, Brij Bhushan, Shruti Jaswal, Sarbjot Singh, Anita Devi, Ankur Thakur, Abhishek Chandel. A Systematic Review on Diabetic Encephalopathy, Its Type & Biomarkers. Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology. 2025; 15(03):-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjop/article=2025/view=228281


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Ahead of Print Subscription Review Article
Volume 15
03
Received 19/05/2025
Accepted 25/07/2025
Published 13/09/2025
Publication Time 117 Days
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