Characterization Of Senna Occidentalis (Link.) Seed Extract

Year : 2024 | Volume : | : | Page : –
By

Muhammad Idris Misau,

Muhammad Zannah Lawan,

Garba Kabir,

Abdulkarim Abdulwadud Yusuf,

Ahmed Saeed Isa,

Ibrahim Maryam,

Jato Isaac,

  1. Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic N’Yak Sendam Plateau State, , Nigeria.
  2. Scholar, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Engineering Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, , Nigeria.
  3. Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Engineering Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, , Nigeria.
  4. Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Engineering Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, , Nigeria.
  5. Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Engineering Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, , Nigeria.
  6. Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Engineering Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, , Nigeria.
  7. Scholar, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Engineering Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, , Nigeria.

Abstract

Senna occidentalis (L.) Link commonly known as “coffee senna” or majamfari/rai dore in Hausa is a plant with a long history of traditional and medicinal uses against diseases such as inflammation, pains, and diabetes. This study presents characterization of the bioactive compounds of the seed extracts. Physicochemical analysis of seed powder was carried out following standard procedures. Qualitative phyto-chemical contents were determined for the presence and absence of major metabolites. Quantitative phyto-chemical contents (total phenolic and flavonoid) were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, total alkaloidal content by titrimetric methods, while saponins, tannins, proteins, oxalates, anthraquinones and cardiac glycosides contents were determined by spectrophotometric procedures. The seed extract was also characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Phytochemical content of aqueous extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, tannins, cardiac glycosides, oxalates, and phenolics. The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 17 bioactive components with retention time of 5.52 to 29.43 min mainly amide-containing compounds and fatty acids with their respective mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) in aqueous extract such as bicyclo [3.1.0] hexan-3-one (RT: 15.78 min, PA: 27.78%, m/z:96 mol/g). Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed that the seed had total phenolic content of 1375.5 mg GAE/100 dry weight, total flavonoid content of 441.2 mg RE/100 g dry weight, total alkaloids value of -25.64%, total saponins value of 15.01%, and total tannins value of -50.92%. The XRD showed the presence of urea, syn 77(11%), toxic components such as graphite 23 (11%), muscovite 0.1 (9%) and cristobalite 0.4 (11%). The study showed that S. occidentalis seed contain bioactive compounds that are beneficial and harmful (dianthrone, an anthraquinone-derived compound that affects mitochondrial function)to the body when used for medicinal purposes. Characterization of these compounds from the seed thus provide important fingerprints for standardization, detoxification, and optimization conditions of the seeds for safe medicinal applications.

Keywords: Senna occidentalis; extraction; characterization; bioactive components; toxicity.

How to cite this article:
Muhammad Idris Misau, Muhammad Zannah Lawan, Garba Kabir, Abdulkarim Abdulwadud Yusuf, Ahmed Saeed Isa, Ibrahim Maryam, Jato Isaac. Characterization Of Senna Occidentalis (Link.) Seed Extract. Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany. 2024; ():-.
How to cite this URL:
Muhammad Idris Misau, Muhammad Zannah Lawan, Garba Kabir, Abdulkarim Abdulwadud Yusuf, Ahmed Saeed Isa, Ibrahim Maryam, Jato Isaac. Characterization Of Senna Occidentalis (Link.) Seed Extract. Research & Reviews : Journal of Botany. 2024; ():-. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/rrjob/article=2024/view=173118



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Ahead of Print Subscription Original Research
Volume
Received September 4, 2024
Accepted September 17, 2024
Published September 19, 2024
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