Swati Sharma,
- Technician Multi-disciplinary Research unit, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital Delhi India
Abstract
The widespread use of antibiotics in dairy farming to control bacterial infections has led to significant challenges, including the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and concerns over antibiotic residues in milk. Consequently, there is an increasing demand for alternative approaches to control bacterial infections in dairy cattle. One promising solution is bacteriophage therapy, which uses viruses that selectively infect and destroy bacteria. As a result, the need for new strategies to manage bacterial infections in dairy cattle is rising. Bacteriophage therapy, which involves viruses that specifically target and eliminate bacteria, offers a promising alternative. Bacteriophages, or phages, have a unique mechanism of action that allows them to selectively infect and lyse bacterial cells, making them highly specific to their target bacteria. This targeted approach minimizes the disruption of beneficial microbial communities and reduces the likelihood of developing resistance, unlike broad-spectrum antibiotics. Historically, bacteriophage therapy was overshadowed by the advent of antibiotics, but recent advancements and the rise of antibiotic resistance have renewed interest in this approach. The application of phage therapy in dairy farming has shown success in controlling infections such as mastitis, a prevalent and costly disease in dairy cows caused by pathogenic bacteria. Field trials and case studies demonstrate that phage therapy can effectively reduce bacterial loads, improve animal health, and enhance milk quality. Additionally, phages provide the benefit of being environmentally friendly and suitable for organic farming practices. Despite its potential, bacteriophage therapy faces challenges, including regulatory hurdles, phage resistance, and the need for efficient delivery systems. Advances in phage formulation, the use of phage cocktails, and genetic engineering are being explored to overcome these limitations. Furthermore, the regulatory landscape needs to adapt to accommodate phage therapy, ensuring safety and efficacy standards are met.
Keywords: Dairy Farming, Bacteriophages, Antibiotics, Ethical Considerations, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus.
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Research & Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science & Technology
| Volume | |
| Received | July 21, 2024 |
| Accepted | August 2, 2024 |
| Published | August 20, 2024 |