Human Papillomavirus: A Review of DNA based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines Routes of Administration

Open Access

Year : 2023 | Volume :7 | Issue : 1 | Page : 5-13
By

Chelsea Elwood

Nicole Heck

Chad Evans

Joe Newtoff

Kevin Schubach

  1. Assistant Professor Department of Applied Medicine and Rehabilitation, Indiana State University, Terre Haute Indiana United States
  2. Associate Professor Department of Applied Medicine and Rehabilitation, Indiana State University, Terre Haute Indiana United States
  3. Student Department of Applied Medicine and Rehabilitation, Indiana State University, Terre Haute Indiana United States
  4. Student Department of Applied Medicine and Rehabilitation, Indiana State University, Terre Haute Indiana United States
  5. Student Department of Applied Medicine and Rehabilitation, Indiana State University, Terre Haute Indiana United States

Abstract

Human Papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection. While the virus can cause many negative health effects in both males and females, the most concerning and common of these is cervical cancer in females. Immunization is not effective in clearing HPV infection that is already present. Therefore, there is a need for therapeutic vaccines that work to combat the virus in an individual who has already been exposed and has a persistent infection causing cervical cancer. This paper reviews the literature on DNA vaccines and the success in eliminating cervical cancer cells by examining the route of administration. The most successful methods stimulated innate immune responses required to trigger strong and lasting adaptive immune responses. Currently, the best studies focus on gene gun, electroporation, tattooing, and microspheres/nanodelivery. Electroporation has the best results and is slightly more efficacious than the gene gun due to a small advantage in tumor reduction and the presence of larger human sample sizes. Microspheres show promise as well but require more research. The most common limitation of these methods is lack of human trials. The data that has been gathered so far is promising, though, and in the future, it could be groundbreaking in the treatment of cervical cancer due to persistent oncogenic HPV infection.

Keywords: Administration, cervical cancer, dendritic cells, HPV, vaccines

[This article belongs to International Journal of Immunological Nursing(ijin)]

How to cite this article: Chelsea Elwood, Nicole Heck, Chad Evans, Joe Newtoff, Kevin Schubach. Human Papillomavirus: A Review of DNA based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines Routes of Administration. International Journal of Immunological Nursing. 2023; 7(1):5-13.
How to cite this URL: Chelsea Elwood, Nicole Heck, Chad Evans, Joe Newtoff, Kevin Schubach. Human Papillomavirus: A Review of DNA based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines Routes of Administration. International Journal of Immunological Nursing. 2023; 7(1):5-13. Available from: https://journals.stmjournals.com/ijin/article=2023/view=92118

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Regular Issue Open Access Article
Volume 7
Issue 1
Received October 27, 2020
Accepted December 21, 2020
Published January 21, 2023
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